scholarly journals Sex differences in adult rat insulin and glucose responses to arginine: programming effects of neonatal separation, hypoxia, and hypothermia

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (18) ◽  
pp. e12972 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashley L. Gehrand ◽  
Brian Hoeynck ◽  
Mack Jablonski ◽  
Cole Leonovicz ◽  
Risheng Ye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Adult Rat ◽  
Neonatal Separation

scholarly journals Anatomical and Ultrastructural Sex Differences in Mean Diameter and Thickness of Myelinated Axons in Adult Rat Corpus Callosum

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 505-512
Author(s):  
Amjad Shatarat ◽  
Loai Alzghoul ◽  
Duaa Al-Qattan ◽  
Maha ELBeltagy
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Corpus Callosum ◽  
Myelinated Axons ◽  
Adult Rat ◽  
Mean Diameter

Sex differences in neonatal and young adult rat lower urinary tract function caused by bladder reduction

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 197.e1-197.e7 ◽  
Author(s):  
China Chien ◽  
Huiyi Harriet Chang ◽  
Hsi-Yang Wu
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Lower Urinary Tract ◽  
Adult Rat ◽  
Lower Urinary Tract Function ◽  
Tract Function ◽  
Lower Urinary

Sex differences and androgen-dependent regulation of aromatase (CYP19) mRNA expression in the developing and adult rat brain

1997 ◽  
Vol 61 (3-6) ◽  
pp. 359-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.E. Lauber ◽  
A. Sarasin ◽  
W. Lichtensteiger
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Rat Brain ◽  
Adult Rat ◽  
Adult Rat Brain

scholarly journals Sex Differences in Behavioral Testing in an Adult Rat Model of Hydrocephalus

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Makenna Mae Reed ◽  
Hillary Smith ◽  
Victoria McConnell ◽  
Alex Hammond ◽  
Charley Goodlett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Behavioral Testing ◽  
Adult Rat

scholarly journals Opioid Receptor-Dependent Sex Differences in Synaptic Plasticity in the Hippocampal Mossy Fiber Pathway of the Adult Rat

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 1723-1738 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. C. Harte-Hargrove ◽  
A. Varga-Wesson ◽  
A. M. Duffy ◽  
T. A. Milner ◽  
H. E. Scharfman
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Synaptic Plasticity ◽  
Opioid Receptor ◽  
Mossy Fiber ◽  
Adult Rat ◽  
Mossy Fiber Pathway

scholarly journals Sex differences and laterality in astrocyte number and complexity in the adult rat medial amygdala

2008 ◽  
Vol 511 (5) ◽  
pp. 599-609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan T. Johnson ◽  
S. Marc Breedlove ◽  
Cynthia L. Jordan
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Medial Amygdala ◽  
Adult Rat

Sex Differences in Adult Rat Serial Pattern Learning

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura R. G. Pickens ◽  
Kristen L. Kolar ◽  
Stephen B. Fountain
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Pattern Learning ◽  
Serial Pattern ◽  
Adult Rat ◽  
Serial Pattern Learning

scholarly journals Estrous cycle-induced sex differences in medium spiny neuron excitatory synaptic transmission and intrinsic excitability in adult rat nucleus accumbens core

2018 ◽  
Vol 120 (3) ◽  
pp. 1356-1373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie B. Proaño ◽  
Hannah J. Morris ◽  
Lindsey M. Kunz ◽  
David M. Dorris ◽  
John Meitzen
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Nucleus Accumbens ◽  
Estrous Cycle ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
Medium Spiny Neuron ◽  
Nucleus Accumbens Core ◽  
Female Hormone ◽  
Electrophysiological Properties ◽  
Adult Rat ◽  
Males And Females

Naturally occurring hormone cycles in adult female humans and rodents create a dynamic neuroendocrine environment. These cycles include the menstrual cycle in humans and its counterpart in rodents, the estrous cycle. These hormone fluctuations induce sex differences in the phenotypes of many behaviors, including those related to motivation, and associated disorders such as depression and addiction. This suggests that the neural substrate instrumental for these behaviors, including the nucleus accumbens core (AcbC), likewise differs between estrous cycle phases. It is unknown whether the electrophysiological properties of AcbC output neurons, medium spiny neurons (MSNs), change between estrous cycle phases. This is a critical knowledge gap given that MSN electrophysiological properties are instrumental for determining AcbC output to efferent targets. Here we test whether the intrinsic electrophysiological properties of adult rat AcbC MSNs differ across female estrous cycle phases and from males. We recorded MSNs with whole cell patch-clamp technique in two experiments, the first using gonad-intact adult males and females in differing phases of the estrous cycle and the second using gonadectomized males and females in which the estrous cycle was eliminated. MSN intrinsic electrophysiological and excitatory synaptic input properties robustly changed between female estrous cycle phases and males. Sex differences in MSN electrophysiology disappeared when the estrous cycle was eliminated. These novel findings indicate that AcbC MSN electrophysiological properties change across the estrous cycle, providing a new framework for understanding how biological sex and hormone cyclicity regulate motivated behaviors and other AcbC functions and disorders. NEW & NOTEWORTHY This research is the first demonstration that medium spiny neuron electrophysiological properties change across adult female hormone cycle phases in any striatal region. This influence of estrous cycle engenders sex differences in electrophysiological properties that are eliminated by gonadectomy. Broadly, these findings indicate that adult female hormone cycles are an important factor for neurophysiology.

Author response for "Sex differences in the brains of capuchin monkeys ( Sapajus [Cebus] apella )"

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin E. Hecht ◽  
Olivia T. Reilly ◽  
Marcela Benítez ◽  
Kimberley A. Phillips ◽  
Sarah Brosnan
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Cebus Apella ◽  
Author Response ◽  
Capuchin Monkeys
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