Product cost calculations of various designs of conventional solar still systems

On the basis of experimental results obtained during performance evaluation of five types of solar stills, kept in outdoor conditions on a single plate form, the cost of distilled water produced have been calculated by using a uniform cost analysis method. The experiments were performed at I.I.T. Delhi, India during year 2001–2002 under summer and winter, both the climatic conditions. It can be concluded that the cost of distilled water produced from a multiwick double slope solar still is lesser than other solar stills due to higher yield/hour. However for small scale purposes, multiwick single slope solar still is better option.

Parametric estimation of supplier's plant construction costs

SCENTIA International Economic Review ◽

10.52514/sier.v1i2.19 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Remo Rossi

Keyword(s):

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Construction Cost ◽

Parametric Estimation ◽

Cost Driver ◽

Industrial Building ◽

High Tech ◽

Construction Costs ◽

Product Cost ◽

Average Percentage ◽

Cost Calculations

Cost engineers of buying enterprises perform detailed product cost calculations of externally manufactured components. The aim of these calculations is to determine what a product should cost and to support purchasing functions in fact-based negotiations. While product cost engineers have deep knowledge in the calculation of direct cost, they need support in the calculation of supplier´s indirect cost categories. The calculation of industrial rent, which is expressed in annual cost per m² of occupied plant building floor space can be improved by providing accurate construction cost estimates. Construction costs are strongly impacting the calculation of supplier´s annual building depreciation, which is a crucial cost driver for the determination of the industrial rent. Academic literature is actually not providing an accurate and suitable cost model for product cost engineers, which is estimating construction cost per m² depending on different industrial building categories and alternative supplier plant locations. The paper aims to close this gap by applying linear regression analysis on a set of European construction cost data considering two industrial building categories: “warehouses/basic factory units” and “high-tech factories”. By regressing construction cost against construction labor rates within different supplier plant locations it was possible to form suitable and accurate parametric regression functions with R² values between 0.74 and 0.88. Next to high R² values acceptable mean average percentage errors between 7.45% and 11.77% could be realized by comparing estimated with observed construction cost. The estimation of industrial construction costs based on the paper´s results can be used to improve the calculation of industrial rent, which is one cost element, that has to be covered within product cost engineer´s Should Cost Calculations.

Users guide for WoodCite, a product cost quotation tool for wood component manufacturers [computer program]

10.2737/nrs-gtr-126 ◽

2014 ◽

Author(s):

Jeff Palmer ◽

Adrienn Andersch ◽

Jan Wiedenbeck ◽

Urs. Buehlmann

Keyword(s):

Computer Program ◽

Product Cost ◽

Wood Component

PERFORMANCE OF AN ACTIVE SOLAR STILL COUPLED TO EVACUATED TUBE COLLECTOR

Environmental Engineering and Management Journal ◽

10.30638/eemj.2014.038 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 333-344

Author(s):

Karuppusamy Sampathkumar ◽

Palanisamy Senthilkumar

Keyword(s):

Solar Still ◽

Evacuated Tube Collector ◽

Evacuated Tube

Mit Initialfemeln zum Plenterwald (Essay) | The creation of selection forest using initial femel cut (essay)

Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Forstwesen ◽

10.3188/szf.2009.0137 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 160 (6) ◽

pp. 137-143

Author(s):

Rudi Kynast

Keyword(s):

Mixed Forest ◽

Point Of View ◽

Age Group ◽

Black Forest ◽

Crown Height ◽

Short Intervals ◽

Total Growth ◽

Cost Calculations ◽

Selection Forest ◽

Individual Trees

Although selection forests have clear advantages over age-group forests in view of their total growth performance, their net product and their stability, not to mention the sustainability of their beneficial effect, the proportion of this type of forest is insignificantly small in Germany and also in mixed forest in the mountains. It is therefore all the more surprising that scarcely any discernable efforts have been made to increase the proportion of selection forests. For a conversion, an alternative model for the treatment of the stands is adopted, whereby it is no longer the encouragement of the growth to maturity of individual trees in the stand which is aimed for, but rather the transformation of the whole stand to a selection forest using available stand elements and elements created by an early initiation of regeneration. Based on his experience in the forestry district of Kirchzarten in the Black Forest, Germany, the author describes the procedure for a successful conversion. This is to be started as soon as possible, that is to say when the crown height of the trees is about 18 metres and with corresponding usable dimensions, using small group shelter-wood cuts, a so-called initial femel cut. To get the conversion started it is advisable to remove whole groups of predominantly badly situated and overgrown trees. The stand will be additionally structured later through further interventions at short intervals. In the process, here and there really well situated trees will actually be left to stand solitar y, in other places w hol e self-cont aine d groups will b e created and else where valuabl e mixed s tand elements will be selected for permanent preservation, this in order to create a situation in which there are about 35 overstorey trees per hectare. On the basis of his own cost calculations, the author comes to the conclusion that the conversion is, from a financial point of view, superior compared with the age-group forest in that it brings higher proceeds more quickly and more often.

A Use of Various Phase Change Materials on Performance of Solar Still: A Review

SSRN Electronic Journal ◽

10.2139/ssrn.3529282 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Dr. Hitesh Panchal ◽

Hitesh Bhargav

Keyword(s):

Phase Change ◽

Phase Change Materials ◽

Solar Still

SIMULATION OF DISTILLED WATER PRODUCTION USING A TRIANGULAR SOLAR STILL － IN CASE OF A PAIKGACHA, A COASTAL AREA OF BANGLADESH －

Journal of Japan Society of Civil Engineers Ser G (Environmental Research) ◽

10.2208/jscejer.75.i_155 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 75 (5) ◽

pp. I_155-I_163

Author(s):

Shunya KATO ◽

Hiroaki TERASAKI ◽

Tomohiro UMEMURA ◽

Rei TAKAHASHI ◽

Teruyuki FUKUHARA ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Coastal Area ◽

Distilled Water ◽

Water Production ◽

Solar Still

Investigation on the performance enhancement of single-slope solar still using green fibre insulation derived from Artocarpus heterophyllus rags reinforced with Azadirachta indica gum

Environmental Science and Pollution Research ◽

10.1007/s11356-021-13062-x ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Gurukarthik Babu Balachandran ◽

Prince Winston David ◽

Vignesh Radhakrishnan ◽

Mohamed Nasrulla Akbar Ali ◽

Vishnu Karan Baskaran ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Azadirachta Indica ◽

Performance Enhancement ◽

Solar Still ◽

Artocarpus Heterophyllus ◽

Azadirachta Indica Gum