Francis Poulenc, like Honegger, worked principally in the occupied zone throughout the war, but he presents a revealing contrast with the former, for his path led away from accommodation with Vichy. As he became aware of its increasing collaboration with the Germans he gradually distanced himself from the regime, joined the Resistance, and sought hermeneutically, or through style, to express his new position. While initially placing himself advantageously within the shifting French musical field, he ultimately decided rather to seek approval from the musicians and friends he admired who were in the Resistance. Like Schaeffer, his evolution away from the regime, with which at first he shared certain values, was incremental, if occurring earlier for reasons that this chapter examines.