Cross-cultural variation in citation practices: A comparative analysis of citations in Czech English-medium and international English-medium linguistics journals

AbstractAspects of human life history and cognition, such as our long childhoods and extensive use of teaching, theoretically evolved to facilitate the acquisition of complex tasks. The present paper empirically examines the relationship between subsistence task difficulty and age of acquisition, rates of teaching, and rates of oblique transmission among Hadza and BaYaka foragers from Tanzania and the Republic of Congo. We further examine cross-cultural variation in how and from whom learning occurred. Learning patterns and community perceptions of task difficulty were assessed through interviews. We found no relationship between task difficulty, age of acquisition, and oblique transmission, and a weak but positive relationship between task difficulty and rates of teaching. While same-sex transmission was normative in both societies, tasks ranked as more difficult were more likely to be transmitted by men among the BaYaka, but not among the Hadza, potentially reflecting cross-cultural differences in the sexual division of subsistence and teaching labor. Further, the BaYaka were more likely to report learning via teaching, and less likely to report learning via observation, than the Hadza, possibly owing to differences in socialization practices.

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Affective Interpersonal Touch in Close Relationships: A Cross-Cultural Perspective

Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin ◽

10.1177/0146167220988373 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 014616722098837

Author(s):

Agnieszka Sorokowska ◽

Supreet Saluja ◽

Piotr Sorokowski ◽

Tomasz Frąckowiak ◽

Maciej Karwowski ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Close Relationships ◽

Cross Cultural ◽

Cultural Variation ◽

Interpersonal Distance ◽

Cultural Perspective ◽

Affective Touch ◽

Individual Level ◽

Interpersonal Touch ◽

Regional Temperature

Interpersonal touch behavior differs across cultures, yet no study to date has systematically tested for cultural variation in affective touch, nor examined the factors that might account for this variability. Here, over 14,000 individuals from 45 countries were asked whether they embraced, stroked, kissed, or hugged their partner, friends, and youngest child during the week preceding the study. We then examined a range of hypothesized individual-level factors (sex, age, parasitic history, conservatism, religiosity, and preferred interpersonal distance) and cultural-level factors (regional temperature, parasite stress, regional conservatism, collectivism, and religiosity) in predicting these affective-touching behaviors. Our results indicate that affective touch was most prevalent in relationships with partners and children, and its diversity was relatively higher in warmer, less conservative, and religious countries, and among younger, female, and liberal people. This research allows for a broad and integrated view of the bases of cross-cultural variability in affective touch.

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Small-scale societies exhibit fundamental variation in the role of intentions in moral judgment

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ◽

10.1073/pnas.1522070113 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 113 (17) ◽

pp. 4688-4693 ◽

Cited By ~ 68

Author(s):

H. Clark Barrett ◽

Alexander Bolyanatz ◽

Alyssa N. Crittenden ◽

Daniel M. T. Fessler ◽

Simon Fitzpatrick ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Moral Judgment ◽

Large Scale ◽

Narrow Range ◽

Cross Cultural ◽

Moral Judgments ◽

Small Scale ◽

Cultural Variation ◽

Moral Assessment ◽

Mitigating Circumstances

Intent and mitigating circumstances play a central role in moral and legal assessments in large-scale industrialized societies. Although these features of moral assessment are widely assumed to be universal, to date, they have only been studied in a narrow range of societies. We show that there is substantial cross-cultural variation among eight traditional small-scale societies (ranging from hunter-gatherer to pastoralist to horticulturalist) and two Western societies (one urban, one rural) in the extent to which intent and mitigating circumstances influence moral judgments. Although participants in all societies took such factors into account to some degree, they did so to very different extents, varying in both the types of considerations taken into account and the types of violations to which such considerations were applied. The particular patterns of assessment characteristic of large-scale industrialized societies may thus reflect relatively recently culturally evolved norms rather than inherent features of human moral judgment.

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Explaining cross-cultural variation in mirror self-recognition: New insights into the ontogeny of objective self-awareness.

Developmental Psychology ◽

10.1037/dev0001171 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 57 (5) ◽

pp. 625-638

Author(s):

Senay Cebioğlu ◽

Tanya Broesch

Keyword(s):

Cross Cultural ◽

Self Awareness ◽

Cultural Variation ◽

Self Recognition

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The Role of Figurative Complexity in the Comprehension and Appreciation of Advertisements

Applied Linguistics ◽

10.1093/applin/amy039 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 40 (6) ◽

pp. 957-991 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Paula Pérez-Sobrino ◽

Jeannette Littlemore ◽

David Houghton

Keyword(s):

Significant Variation ◽

Processing Time ◽

Consumer Response ◽

Cross Cultural ◽

Cultural Variation ◽

Perceived Effectiveness ◽

The Uk ◽

Linguistic Backgrounds ◽

Different Levels

Abstract To date, research in advertising has focussed almost exclusively on metaphor, with linguists and marketing scholars paying very little attention to alternative types of figurative expression. Beyond the finding that metaphor leads to an increased appreciation of advertisements, there has been surprisingly little research into how consumer response is affected by metonymy, or by metaphor–metonymy interactions. In this article, we present findings from a study that investigated the depth to which participants (n = 90) from a range of cultural and linguistic backgrounds (the UK, Spain, and China) were found to process 30 real-world adverts featuring creative metaphor and metonymy in multimodal format. We focus on the cross-cultural variation in terms of time taken to process, appreciation and perceived effectiveness of adverts, and on individual differences explained by different levels of need for cognition. We found significant variation in the understanding of advertisements containing metaphor, metonymy, and combinations of the two, between subjects and across nationalities in terms of (i) processing time, (ii) overall appeal, and (iii) the way in which participants interpreted the advertisements.

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Textual Voices in Corporate Reporting: A Cross-Cultural Analysis of Chinese, Italian, and American CSR Reports

International Journal of Business Communication ◽

10.1177/2329488418784690 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 56 (2) ◽

pp. 173-197 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Marina Bondi ◽

Danni Yu

Keyword(s):

Comparative Analysis ◽

Cultural Analysis ◽

Cross Cultural ◽

Social Actor ◽

Cultural Backgrounds ◽

Csr Reporting ◽

Corporate Reporting ◽

Corporate Social ◽

Chinese And English ◽

Different Sources

This article investigates direct quotations in a corpus of corporate social responsibility (CSR) reports in Italian, Chinese, and English. The corpus is composed of 60 CSR reports published by Italian, Chinese, and American companies in the banking and energy sector. The study aims at exploring what types of textual voices are involved in the discourse of CSR reporting and how different sources of voices are represented, using the framework of social actor representation proposed by Van Leeuwen. The results show that the voices presented in direct quotations are often “orchestrated” by companies into “symphony” rather than “polyphony.” Most of the sources of direct quotations are represented as individuals with specified names. The comparative analysis shows that companies from different cultural backgrounds present different preferences in selecting and representing the various sources. The Italian and American CSR reports present more voices from managers, while the Chinese CSR reports show a clearer preference for voices from employees and clients.

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