4. Use of alkalinity and acidity equations for quantifying phenomena in chemical/ environmental engineering and design of water and wastewater treatment processes

The fractal structure and particle size of flocs are generally recognized as the two most crucial physical properties having impact on the efficiency of operation of several unit processes in water and wastewater treatment. In this study, an experimental investigation is undertaken on the effect of aggregate structure in water and wastewater treatment in Hong Kong. The fractal dimension of the resulting aggregate is employed as a measure of the aggregate structure. Small angle light scattering technique is used here. Different amounts of polymers are mixed to bacterial suspensions and the resulting structures are examined. The addition of polymer may foster aggregate formation by neutralization of the bacterial surface charge and enhance inter-particle bridging. The aggregation behavior may affect the efficiency of certain water and wastewater treatment processes such as dewatering and coagulation. The impacts of aggregate structure on two representative processes, namely, ultra-filtration membrane fouling and pressure filter dewatering efficiency, are studied. It is found that the looser flocs yield a more porous cake and less tendency to foul whilst more porous filter cakes yield more ready biosolids dewatering.

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Nano/microplastics in water and wastewater treatment processes – Origin, impact and potential solutions

Water Research ◽

10.1016/j.watres.2019.06.049 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 161 ◽

pp. 621-638 ◽

Cited By ~ 66

Author(s):

Marie Enfrin ◽

Ludovic F. Dumée ◽

Judy Lee

Keyword(s):

Wastewater Treatment ◽

Water And Wastewater Treatment ◽

Treatment Processes ◽

Water And Wastewater

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Graphene, electrospun membranes and granular activated carbon for eliminating heavy metals, pesticides and bacteria in water and wastewater treatment processes

The Analyst ◽

10.1039/c8an00922h ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 143 (23) ◽

pp. 5629-5645 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Piumie Rajapaksha P. ◽

Aoife Power ◽

Shaneel Chandra ◽

James Chapman

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Wastewater Treatment ◽

Activated Carbon ◽

Granular Activated Carbon ◽

Water And Wastewater Treatment ◽

Safe Water ◽

Treatment Processes ◽

Electrospun Membranes ◽

Water And Wastewater

The availability of safe water has a significant impact on all parts of society, its growth and sustainability, both politically and socioeconomically.

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Fundamentals of Membranes and Membrane Processes

Membrane Technology for Water and Wastewater Treatment in Rural Regions - Practice, Progress, and Proficiency in Sustainability ◽

10.4018/978-1-7998-2645-3.ch001 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-24

Keyword(s):

Wastewater Treatment ◽

Structural Characteristics ◽

Critical Parameters ◽

Intrinsic Properties ◽

Water And Wastewater Treatment ◽

Membrane Processes ◽

Treatment Processes ◽

Overall Performance ◽

Water And Wastewater ◽

Membrane Science

Research into the wide possibilities of membrane-based applications is an interesting subject for the modern study of membrane science and technology. Membrane processes have been established as viable and recognized separation techniques in water and wastewater treatment processes. Membranes can be prepared into many forms, each with its intrinsic properties which ultimately determine its suitability for specific applications as well as the overall performance of the process. Thus, this chapter highlights the fundamental concepts of membranes and membrane processes. The critical parameters in membrane processes, and membranes' structural characteristics and parameters are reviewed.

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Physical Water and Wastewater Treatment Processes

The Civil Engineering Handbook ◽

10.1201/9781420041217-12 ◽

2002 ◽

pp. 277-428

Keyword(s):

Wastewater Treatment ◽

Water And Wastewater Treatment ◽

Treatment Processes ◽

Water And Wastewater

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ASPECTS REGARDING THE ELECTROCOAGULATION APPLICATIONS IN THE WATER AND WASTEWATER TREATMENT

Journal of Engineering Studies and Research ◽

10.29081/jesr.v21i2.27 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 21 (2) ◽

Author(s):

AIDA DERMOUCHI ◽

BENCHEIKH-LEHOCINE MOSSAAB ◽

SIHEM ARRIS ◽

VALENTIN NEDEFF ◽

NARCIS BARSAN

Keyword(s):

Wastewater Treatment ◽

Electrode Materials ◽

Treatment Time ◽

Oxygen Demand ◽

Water And Wastewater Treatment ◽

Treatment Processes ◽

Initial Ph ◽

Water And Wastewater ◽

Dc Current ◽

Density Treatment

Electrocoagulation (EC) has been known for over a century. Applications in industry as water and wastewater treatment processes were adapted for the removal of suspended solids, organic compounds, COD (Chemical oxygen demand), BOD (biochemical oxygen demand), metallic and non-metallic pollution. The main advantage in EC technology is the fact that it works without the addition of chemical products. The DC current between metallic electrodes immersed in the effluent is used as an energy source for this technique, which causes their dissolution. The effect of the main parameters, current density, treatment time, initial pH, temperature, electrode materials, conductivity and distance between the electrodes were investigated. According to the conclusion of the works published in recent years, the removal efficiencies of pollutants materials by EC process are very important.

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