This paper investigated the vibration control based on intelligent materials for strapdown inertial navigation system (SINS) from theoretical analysis to simulation verification. At first, significance of vibration control in SINS and the disadvantages of the traditional vibration control methods were set forth. Then, intelligent material and structure were introduced to improve the situation. A method of combining active and passive vibration control based on piezoelectric ceramic had been put forward. Through modeling and designing PID and fuzzy PID controller separately, the simulation results show that both the model and the control methods are effective. Finally, its effectiveness and the further researched required to be done were summarized.