2 The Networked Artwork: The Grid as Dynamic Relational Form?

2021 ◽  
pp. 22-38
Author(s):  
Leonie Bradbury
Keyword(s):  
Relational Form

scholarly journals IDSM ChemWebRDF: SPARQLing small-molecule datasets

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jakub Galgonek ◽  
Jiří Vondrášek
Keyword(s):  
Data Storage ◽  
Small Molecule ◽  
Web Application ◽  
Query Language ◽  
Data Interoperability ◽  
Sparql Endpoint ◽  
Data Source ◽  
Rdf Data ◽  
Relational Form ◽  
Federated Queries

AbstractThe Resource Description Framework (RDF), together with well-defined ontologies, significantly increases data interoperability and usability. The SPARQL query language was introduced to retrieve requested RDF data and to explore links between them. Among other useful features, SPARQL supports federated queries that combine multiple independent data source endpoints. This allows users to obtain insights that are not possible using only a single data source. Owing to all of these useful features, many biological and chemical databases present their data in RDF, and support SPARQL querying. In our project, we primary focused on PubChem, ChEMBL and ChEBI small-molecule datasets. These datasets are already being exported to RDF by their creators. However, none of them has an official and currently supported SPARQL endpoint. This omission makes it difficult to construct complex or federated queries that could access all of the datasets, thus underutilising the main advantage of the availability of RDF data. Our goal is to address this gap by integrating the datasets into one database called the Integrated Database of Small Molecules (IDSM) that will be accessible through a SPARQL endpoint. Beyond that, we will also focus on increasing mutual interoperability of the datasets. To realise the endpoint, we decided to implement an in-house developed SPARQL engine based on the PostgreSQL relational database for data storage. In our approach, data are stored in the traditional relational form, and the SPARQL engine translates incoming SPARQL queries into equivalent SQL queries. An important feature of the engine is that it optimises the resulting SQL queries. Together with optimisations performed by PostgreSQL, this allows efficient evaluations of SPARQL queries. The endpoint provides not only querying in the dataset, but also the compound substructure and similarity search supported by our Sachem project. Although the endpoint is accessible from an internet browser, it is mainly intended to be used for programmatic access by other services, for example as a part of federated queries. For regular users, we offer a rich web application called ChemWebRDF using the endpoint. The application is publicly available at https://idsm.elixir-czech.cz/chemweb/.

Information Extraction in Biomedical Literature

2011 ◽  
pp. 615-620
Author(s):  
Min Song ◽  
Il-Yeol Song ◽  
Xiaohua Hu ◽  
Hyoil Han
Keyword(s):  
Natural Language ◽  
Information Extraction ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Relational Databases ◽  
Biomedical Literature ◽  
Text Documents ◽  
Plain Text ◽  
Natural Language Text ◽  
Relational Form ◽  
Structured Representation

Information extraction (IE) technology has been defined and developed through the US DARPA Message Understanding Conferences (MUCs). IE refers to the identification of instances of particular events and relationships from unstructured natural language text documents into a structured representation or relational table in databases. It has proved successful at extracting information from various domains, such as the Latin American terrorism, to identify patterns related to terrorist activities (MUC-4). Another domain, in the light of exploiting the wealth of natural language documents, is to extract the knowledge or information from these unstructured plain-text files into a structured or relational form. This form is suitable for sophisticated query processing, for integration with relational databases, and for data mining. Thus, IE is a crucial step for fully making text files more easily accessible.

Children's treatment by peers: Victims of relational and overt aggression

1996 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 367-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicki R. Crick ◽  
Jennifer K. Grotpeter
Keyword(s):  
Relational Aggression ◽  
Psychological Adjustment ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Sixth Grade ◽  
Relational Victimization ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Overt Aggression ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Adjustment Difficulties ◽  
Relational Form

AbstractPast research on peer victimization has focused on maltreatment through overtly aggressive behaviors. Although a relational form of aggression has been identified in recent research, studies of the victims of relational aggression have not yet been conducted. The present research was designed as a first attempt to address this issue. Four goals were pursued (n = 474; third- through sixth-grade children): (a) development of a self-report measure of victimization through relational and overt aggression; (b) assessment of the relation between overt victimization and relational victimization; (c) assessment of gender, grade, and sociometric status group differences in victimization; and (d) evaluation of the relation between victimization and social-psychological adjustment. Results showed that the newly developed victimization measure had favorable psychometric properties and that most of the identified victims were the targets of cither relational or overt aggression, but not both. Further, rejected children were more relationally and overtly victimized than their better accepted peers, and boys were more overtly victimized than girls. Finally, relational victimization, overt victimization, and the lack of prosocial treatment by peers were all significantly related to social-psychological adjustment difficulties (e.g., depression, loneliness).

Constraint logic programming

1991 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 151-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pascal Van Hentenryck
Keyword(s):  
Logic Programming ◽  
Programming Languages ◽  
Constraint Logic Programming ◽  
Combinatorial Problems ◽  
Basic Operation ◽  
Combinatorial Search ◽  
New Class ◽  
Constraint Systems ◽  
Declarative Semantics ◽  
Relational Form

AbstractConstraint logic programming (CLP) is a generalization of logic programming (LP) where unification, the basic operation of LP languages, is replaced by constraint handling in a constraint system. The resulting languages combine the advantages of LP (declarative semantics, nondeterminism, relational form) with the efficiency of constraint-solving algorithms. For some classes of combinatorial search problems, they shorten the development time significantly while preserving most of the efficiency of imperative languages. This paper surveys this new class of programming languages from their underlying theory, to their constraint systems, and to their applications to combinatorial problems.

Bourdieu and Collins on the reproduction of elites

Thesis Eleven ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 154 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-96
Author(s):  
Steven Loyal
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
World View ◽  
Explanatory Theory ◽  
Social Democrat ◽  
Political World ◽  
Relational Form ◽  
Post War ◽  
Compare And Contrast ◽  
Term Analysis

In this paper I compare and contrast the reproduction of elite strata in Randall Collins’s path-breaking book, The Credential Society (1979), with Pierre Bourdieu’s important discussion found in The State Nobility (1996). Although both approaches draw on Weber and Durkheim, focus on the interaction between material and cultural processes, subscribe to a relational form of analysis, and share a similar political world-view – social democrat and radical republican respectively – they also differ. These differences relate to their respective philosophical anthropology, the nature of their long-term analysis, the different contexts within which their work emerged – Algeria and the post-war constellation and early Cold War period – and the divergent nature of the broader substantive sociological problems they are engaged with. In terms of their dissimilarities, not only is each approach useful for criticizing the other, but it will be argued that these divergences need to be synthesized into a broader, more powerful explanatory theory.

Subjective Character as the Origo a Quo of Phenomenal Consciousness

2021 ◽  
Vol 98 (2) ◽  
pp. 222-242
Author(s):  
Kyle Banick
Keyword(s):  
Phenomenal Consciousness ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Formal Ontology ◽  
Subjective Character ◽  
False Dichotomy ◽  
Common Objection ◽  
The Common ◽  
Relational Form ◽  
Mental Acts ◽  
Intrinsic Feature

Abstract This article contributes to the debate on self-consciousness, inner awareness, and subjective character. Philosophers puzzle over whether subjective character has a monadic or a relational form. But the present article deploys formal ontology to show that this is a false dichotomy. From this vantage, a common objection to non-relational views is deflated. The common objection is that one-level, non-relational views are either unexplanatory or smuggle in resources from higher-order and/or relational views. The author uses an argument from formal ontology to suggest that such objections stem from a category error. The result is that first-order non-relational views need not lapse into higher order or relational views – subjective character can be a structured and intrinsic feature involved in the ontological constitution of mental acts. Ultimately, the author emphasizes the need to conceive of subjective character as the source of intentionality, and not the result of a prior intentional relation.

scholarly journals Challenging Standard Concepts of ‘Humane’ Care through Relational Auto-Ethnography

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 168-175
Author(s):  
Alistair Niemeijer ◽  
Merel Visse
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Illness ◽  
Lived Experiences ◽  
Public Discourse ◽  
Illness Narratives ◽  
Good Care ◽  
Disability Narratives ◽  
Standard Ideal ◽  
Auto Ethnography ◽  
Care Practices ◽  
Relational Form

What is deemed ‘good’ or ‘humane’ care often seems to be underpinned by a standard ideal of an able-bodied, autonomous human being, which not only underlies those ‘social and professional structures within which narratives and decisions regarding various impairments are held’ (Ho, 2008), but also co-shapes these structures. This paper aims to explore how a relational form of auto-ethnography can promote good care. Rather than being based on and focused toward this standard ideal, it challenges ‘humanity’ by showing how illness narratives, public discourse, and policy are framed by ethical questions. It illustrates how normative ideas dictate policy and public discourse. It critically questions this constitutive power by shifting attention to the lived experiences of people with chronic illness and disability. By highlighting and reflecting together on the first author’s life with a chronic illness and his son’s disability, and thereby framing the narrative, it will be argued that, in order to improve care practices, personal illness and disability narratives and the way they interlock with public narrative and auto-ethnographic methodologies should be investigated.

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