An efficient class of fourth-order derivative-free method for multiple-roots

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunil Kumar ◽  
Deepak Kumar ◽  
Janak Raj Sharma ◽  
Ioannis K. Argyros
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Root ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Optimal Order ◽  
Multiple Roots ◽  
Nonlinear Functions ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Derivative Free ◽  
Derivative Free Methods ◽  
Derivative Free Method ◽  
Good Number

Abstract Many optimal order multiple root techniques, which use derivatives in the algorithm, have been proposed in literature. Many researchers tried to construct an optimal family of derivative-free methods for multiple roots, but they did not get success in this direction. With this as a motivation factor, here, we present a new optimal class of derivative-free methods for obtaining multiple roots of nonlinear functions. This procedure involves Traub–Steffensen iteration in the first step and Traub–Steffensen-like iteration in the second step. Efficacy is checked on a good number of relevant numerical problems that verifies the efficient convergent nature of the new methods. Moreover, we find that the new derivative-free methods are just as competent as the other existing robust methods that use derivatives.

scholarly journals A Family of Derivative Free Optimal Fourth Order Methods for Computing Multiple Roots

Symmetry ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1969
Author(s):  
Sunil Kumar ◽  
Deepak Kumar ◽  
Janak Raj Sharma ◽  
Lorentz Jäntschi
Keyword(s):  
Fourth Order ◽  
Nonlinear Problems ◽  
Multiple Root ◽  
Optimal Order ◽  
Multiple Roots ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Derivative Free ◽  
The Family ◽  
Derivative Free Method ◽  
Special Case

Many optimal order multiple root techniques, which use derivatives in the algorithm, have been proposed in literature. But contrarily, derivative free optimal order techniques for multiple root are almost nonexistent. By this as an inspirational factor, here we present a family of optimal fourth order derivative-free techniques for computing multiple roots of nonlinear equations. At the beginning the convergence analysis is executed for particular values of multiplicity afterwards it concludes in general form. Behl et. al derivative-free method is seen as special case of the family. Moreover, the applicability and comparison is demonstrated on different nonlinear problems that certifies the efficient convergent nature of the new methods. Finally, we conclude that our new methods consume the lowest CPU time as compared to the existing ones. This illuminates the theoretical outcomes to a great extent of this study.

scholarly journals On Derivative Free Multiple-Root Finders with Optimal Fourth Order Convergence

Mathematics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 1091 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janak Raj Sharma ◽  
Sunil Kumar ◽  
Lorentz Jäntschi
Keyword(s):  
Fourth Order ◽  
Multiple Root ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Optimal Order ◽  
Multiple Roots ◽  
Order Convergence ◽  
Derivative Free ◽  
Derivative Free Methods ◽  
Derivative Information

A number of optimal order multiple root techniques that require derivative evaluations in the formulas have been proposed in literature. However, derivative-free optimal techniques for multiple roots are seldom obtained. By considering this factor as motivational, here we present a class of optimal fourth order methods for computing multiple roots without using derivatives in the iteration. The iterative formula consists of two steps in which the first step is a well-known Traub–Steffensen scheme whereas second step is a Traub–Steffensen-like scheme. The Methodology is based on two steps of which the first is Traub–Steffensen iteration and the second is Traub–Steffensen-like iteration. Effectiveness is validated on different problems that shows the robust convergent behavior of the proposed methods. It has been proven that the new derivative-free methods are good competitors to their existing counterparts that need derivative information.

scholarly journals On a Class of Optimal Fourth Order Multiple Root Solvers without Using Derivatives

Symmetry ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janak Raj Sharma ◽  
Sunil Kumar ◽  
Lorentz Jäntschi
Keyword(s):  
Fourth Order ◽  
Multiple Root ◽  
Optimal Order ◽  
Test Problems ◽  
Multiple Roots ◽  
Motivational Factor ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Derivative Free ◽  
The Family ◽  
Theoretical Results

Many optimal order multiple root techniques involving derivatives have been proposed in literature. On the contrary, optimal order multiple root techniques without derivatives are almost nonexistent. With this as a motivational factor, here we develop a family of optimal fourth-order derivative-free iterative schemes for computing multiple roots. The procedure is based on two steps of which the first is Traub–Steffensen iteration and second is Traub–Steffensen-like iteration. Theoretical results proved for particular cases of the family are symmetric to each other. This feature leads us to prove the general result that shows the fourth-order convergence. Efficacy is demonstrated on different test problems that verifies the efficient convergent nature of the new methods. Moreover, the comparison of performance has proven the presented derivative-free techniques as good competitors to the existing optimal fourth-order methods that use derivatives.

scholarly journals Eighth-Order Iterative Methods without Derivatives for Solving Nonlinear Equations

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Thukral
Keyword(s):  
Nonlinear Equations ◽  
Convergence Order ◽  
Optimal Order ◽  
Eighth Order ◽  
Optimal Order Of Convergence ◽  
New Methods ◽  
New Family ◽  
Derivative Free ◽  
Derivative Free Methods ◽  
Iteration Methods

A new family of eighth-order derivative-free methods for solving nonlinear equations is presented. It is proved that these methods have the convergence order of eight. These new methods are derivative-free and only use four evaluations of the function per iteration. In fact, we have obtained the optimal order of convergence which supports the Kung and Traub conjecture. Kung and Traub conjectured that the multipoint iteration methods, without memory based on evaluations, could achieve optimal convergence order . Thus, we present new derivative-free methods which agree with Kung and Traub conjecture for . Numerical comparisons are made to demonstrate the performance of the methods presented.

scholarly journals Development of Optimal Eighth Order Derivative-Free Methods for Multiple Roots of Nonlinear Equations

Symmetry ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 766 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janak Raj Sharma ◽  
Sunil Kumar ◽  
Ioannis K. Argyros
Keyword(s):  
Basins Of Attraction ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Order Derivative ◽  
Multiple Roots ◽  
Nonlinear Functions ◽  
Eighth Order ◽  
Multiple Zeros ◽  
Derivative Free ◽  
Graphical Tool ◽  
Derivative Free Methods

A number of higher order iterative methods with derivative evaluations are developed in literature for computing multiple zeros. However, higher order methods without derivative for multiple zeros are difficult to obtain and hence such methods are rare in literature. Motivated by this fact, we present a family of eighth order derivative-free methods for computing multiple zeros. Per iteration the methods require only four function evaluations, therefore, these are optimal in the sense of Kung-Traub conjecture. Stability of the proposed class is demonstrated by means of using a graphical tool, namely, basins of attraction. Boundaries of the basins are fractal like shapes through which basins are symmetric. Applicability of the methods is demonstrated on different nonlinear functions which illustrates the efficient convergence behavior. Comparison of the numerical results shows that the new derivative-free methods are good competitors to the existing optimal eighth-order techniques which require derivative evaluations.

scholarly journals Derivative-Free King’s Scheme for Multiple Zeros of Nonlinear Functions

Mathematics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1242
Author(s):  
Ramandeep Behl ◽  
Sonia Bhalla ◽  
Eulalia Martínez ◽  
Majed Aali Alsulami
Keyword(s):  
Iterative Methods ◽  
Fourth Order ◽  
Order Of Convergence ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Multiple Roots ◽  
Computational Results ◽  
Nonlinear Functions ◽  
First Order ◽  
Life Problems ◽  
Derivative Free

There is no doubt that the fourth-order King’s family is one of the important ones among its counterparts. However, it has two major problems: the first one is the calculation of the first-order derivative; secondly, it has a linear order of convergence in the case of multiple roots. In order to improve these complications, we suggested a new King’s family of iterative methods. The main features of our scheme are the optimal convergence order, being free from derivatives, and working for multiple roots (m≥2). In addition, we proposed a main theorem that illustrated the fourth order of convergence. It also satisfied the optimal Kung–Traub conjecture of iterative methods without memory. We compared our scheme with the latest iterative methods of the same order of convergence on several real-life problems. In accordance with the computational results, we concluded that our method showed superior behavior compared to the existing methods.

scholarly journals New Eighth-Order Derivative-Free Methods for Solving Nonlinear Equations

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajinder Thukral
Keyword(s):  
Nonlinear Equations ◽  
Convergence Order ◽  
Order Derivative ◽  
Optimal Order ◽  
Eighth Order ◽  
Optimal Order Of Convergence ◽  
New Family ◽  
Derivative Free ◽  
Derivative Free Methods ◽  
Iteration Methods

A new family of eighth-order derivative-free methods for solving nonlinear equations is presented. It is proved that these methods have the convergence order of eight. These new methods are derivative-free and only use four evaluations of the function per iteration. In fact, we have obtained the optimal order of convergence which supports the Kung and Traub conjecture. Kung and Traub conjectured that the multipoint iteration methods, without memory based onnevaluations could achieve optimal convergence order of . Thus, we present new derivative-free methods which agree with Kung and Traub conjecture for . Numerical comparisons are made to demonstrate the performance of the methods presented.

Design and Analysis of a New Class of Derivative-Free Optimal Order Methods for Nonlinear Equations

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (03) ◽  
pp. 1850010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janak Raj Sharma ◽  
Ioannis K. Argyros ◽  
Deepak Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Nonlinear Equations ◽  
Order Of Convergence ◽  
Optimal Order ◽  
Optimal Order Of Convergence ◽  
Numerical Examples ◽  
New Class ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Derivative Free ◽  
Local Convergence Analysis ◽  
Theoretical Results

We develop a general class of derivative free iterative methods with optimal order of convergence in the sense of Kung–Traub hypothesis for solving nonlinear equations. The methods possess very simple design, which makes them easy to remember and hence easy to implement. The Methodology is based on quadratically convergent Traub–Steffensen scheme and further developed by using Padé approximation. Local convergence analysis is provided to show that the iterations are locally well defined and convergent. Numerical examples are provided to confirm the theoretical results and to show the good performance of new methods.

scholarly journals A 4th-Order Optimal Extension of Ostrowski’s Method for Multiple Zeros of Univariate Nonlinear Functions

Mathematics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 803 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramandeep Behl ◽  
Waleed M. Al-Hamdan
Keyword(s):  
Nonlinear Functions ◽  
Numerical Examples ◽  
Multiple Zeros ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Design Structure ◽  
Optimal Extension ◽  
Robust Techniques ◽  
New Strategy ◽  
Ostrowski’S Method ◽  
Good Number

We present a new optimal class of Ostrowski’s method for obtaining multiple zeros of univariate nonlinear functions. Several researchers tried to construct an optimal family of Ostrowski’s method for multiple zeros, but they did not have success in this direction. The new strategy adopts a weight function approach. The design structure of new families of Ostrowski’s technique is simpler than the existing classical families of the same order for multiple zeros. The classical Ostrowski’s method of fourth-order can obtain a particular form for the simple root. Their efficiency is checked on a good number of relevant numerical examples. These results demonstrate the performance of our methods. We find that the new methods are just as competent as other existing robust techniques available in the literature.

scholarly journals Optimal One-Point Iterative Function Free from Derivatives for Multiple Roots

Mathematics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 709 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepak Kumar ◽  
Janak Raj Sharma ◽  
Ioannis K. Argyros
Keyword(s):  
Complex Geometry ◽  
Basins Of Attraction ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Multiple Roots ◽  
Single Variable ◽  
Optimal Method ◽  
Multiple Zeros ◽  
Derivative Free ◽  
Derivative Free Methods ◽  
The Stability

We suggest a derivative-free optimal method of second order which is a new version of a modification of Newton’s method for achieving the multiple zeros of nonlinear single variable functions. Iterative methods without derivatives for multiple zeros are not easy to obtain, and hence such methods are rare in literature. Inspired by this fact, we worked on a family of optimal second order derivative-free methods for multiple zeros that require only two function evaluations per iteration. The stability of the methods was validated through complex geometry by drawing basins of attraction. Moreover, applicability of the methods is demonstrated herein on different functions. The study of numerical results shows that the new derivative-free methods are good alternatives to the existing optimal second-order techniques that require derivative calculations.

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