scholarly journals Near-field plates and the near zone of metasurfaces

Nanophotonics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 679-684
Author(s):  
Roberto Merlin
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Interface Problems ◽  
Field Patterns ◽  
Dependent Behavior ◽  
Near Zone ◽  
Universal Properties ◽  
Sub Wavelength

AbstractA brief, tutorial account is given of the differences between the near and far regions of the electromagnetic field emphasizing the source-dependent behavior of the former and the universal properties of the latter. Field patterns of near-field plates, that is, metasurfaces used for sub-wavelength applications, are discussed in some detail. Examples are given of fields that decay away from the plates in an exponential manner, a ubiquitous feature of many interface problems, and metasurfaces for which the decay is not exponential, but algebraic. It is also shown that a properly designed system of two parallel near-field plates can produce fields that exhibit pseudo minima, which are potentially useful for near-field tweezer-like applications.

Nonradiative subdiffraction near-field patterns using metagratings

2021 ◽  
Vol 118 (13) ◽  
pp. 131105
Author(s):  
Oshri Rabinovich ◽  
Ariel Epstein
Keyword(s):  
Near Field ◽  
Field Patterns

scholarly journals Direct quantification of topological protection in symmetry-protected photonic edge states at telecom wavelengths

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonakshi Arora ◽  
Thomas Bauer ◽  
René Barczyk ◽  
Ewold Verhagen ◽  
L. Kuipers
Keyword(s):  
Near Field ◽  
Edge States ◽  
Quantum Networks ◽  
Hall Effects ◽  
Upper Limits ◽  
On Chip ◽  
Symmetry Protected ◽  
Topological Robustness ◽  
Direct Quantification ◽  
Sub Wavelength

AbstractTopological on-chip photonics based on tailored photonic crystals (PhCs) that emulate quantum valley-Hall effects has recently gained widespread interest owing to its promise of robust unidirectional transport of classical and quantum information. We present a direct quantitative evaluation of topological photonic edge eigenstates and their transport properties in the telecom wavelength range using phase-resolved near-field optical microscopy. Experimentally visualizing the detailed sub-wavelength structure of these modes propagating along the interface between two topologically non-trivial mirror-symmetric lattices allows us to map their dispersion relation and differentiate between the contributions of several higher-order Bloch harmonics. Selective probing of forward- and backward-propagating modes as defined by their phase velocities enables direct quantification of topological robustness. Studying near-field propagation in controlled defects allows us to extract upper limits of topological protection in on-chip photonic systems in comparison with conventional PhC waveguides. We find that protected edge states are two orders of magnitude more robust than modes of conventional PhC waveguides. This direct experimental quantification of topological robustness comprises a crucial step toward the application of topologically protected guiding in integrated photonics, allowing for unprecedented error-free photonic quantum networks.

Near-field mapping of the electromagnetic field in confined photon geometries

2002 ◽  
Vol 66 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Zhuk ◽  
D.V. Regelman ◽  
D. Gershoni ◽  
M. Bayer ◽  
J.P. Reithmaier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Field Mapping

scholarly journals Frequency-Diverse Holographic Metasurface Antenna for Near-Field Microwave Computational Imaging

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiaqi Han ◽  
Long Li ◽  
Shuncheng Tian ◽  
Xiangjin Ma ◽  
Qiang Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Frequency Domain ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Horn Antenna ◽  
Computational Imaging ◽  
Simulation Studies ◽  
Field Patterns ◽  
Full Wave ◽  
Imaging Reconstruction ◽  
Iterative Shrinkage

This article presents a holographic metasurface antenna with stochastically distributed surface impedance, which produces randomly frequency-diverse radiation patterns. Low mutual coherence electric field patterns generated by the holographic metasurface antenna can cover the K-band from 18 to 26 GHz with 0.1 GHz intervals. By utilizing the frequency-diverse holographic metasurface (FDHM) antenna, we build a near-field microwave computational imaging system based on reflected signals in the frequency domain. A standard horn antenna is adopted to acquire frequency domain signals radiated from the proposed FDHM antenna. A detail imaging restoration process is presented, and the desired targets are correctly reconstructed using the 81 frequency-diverse patterns through full-wave simulation studies. Compressed sensing technique and iterative shrinkage/thresholding algorithms are applied for the imaging reconstruction. The achieved compressive ratio of this computational imaging system on the physical layer is 30:1.

scholarly journals Reconstruction of the near-field distribution in an X-ray waveguide array

2017 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 701-711 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Zhong ◽  
Lars Melchior ◽  
Jichang Peng ◽  
Qiushi Huang ◽  
Zhanshan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Layer Thickness ◽  
Field Distribution ◽  
Phase Retrieval ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Field Pattern ◽  
Waveguide Array ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Field Patterns ◽  
Thickness Variations ◽  
Far Field Pattern

Iterative phase retrieval has been used to reconstruct the near-field distribution behind tailored X-ray waveguide arrays, by inversion of the measured far-field pattern recorded under fully coherent conditions. It is thereby shown that multi-waveguide interference can be exploited to control the near-field distribution behind the waveguide exit. This can, for example, serve to create a secondary quasi-focal spot outside the waveguide structure. For this proof of concept, an array of seven planar Ni/C waveguides are used, with precisely varied guiding layer thickness and cladding layer thickness, as fabricated by high-precision magnetron sputtering systems. The controlled thickness variations in the range of 0.2 nm results in a desired phase shift of the different waveguide beams. Two kinds of samples, a one-dimensional waveguide array and periodic waveguide multilayers, were fabricated, each consisting of seven C layers as guiding layers and eight Ni layers as cladding layers. These are shown to yield distinctly different near-field patterns.

scholarly journals ВОССТАНОВЛЕНИЕ КОГЕРЕНТНЫХ ИЗОБРАЖЕНИЙ ПОВЕРХНОСТЕЙ В ЗОНЕ ФРЕНЕЛЯ МЕТОДАМИ МНОГОКАНАЛЬНОЙ ОБРАБОТКИ СИГНАЛОВ

2018 ◽  
pp. 97-102
Author(s):  
Валерий Константинович Волосюк ◽  
Семён Сергеевич Жила ◽  
Глеб Сергеевич Черепнин ◽  
Эдуард Алексеевич Цернэ
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Phase Distribution ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Delta Function ◽  
Basic Function ◽  
Ambiguity Function ◽  
Good Resolution ◽  
Fresnel Region ◽  
Coherent Image ◽  
Multichannel Signal Processing

The generalized structure of the electromagnetic field in the registration area is considered in the case of the solution of problems of remote sensing of the underlying surfaces. Examples of the existing radar and optical coherent devices are given. Analytical expressions for the electromagnetic field in the reception area when sounding is carried out in a near-field Fresnel region, in the assumption that the size of the field of registration and radiation is considerably less than a distance between them, are concretized. It is shown the main operations that are necessary for the recovery of coherent images in a near-field Fresnel region by the methods of multichannel signal processing. Research shows that as the amplitude-phase distribution of the registration field is necessary to choose the classical basic function of Fresnel transformation with the reversed sign in the exponent power. Formally, in an infinite range, the Fresnel transform is invertible, i.e. in the ideal case, the function can be completely restored. However physically to Fresnel's region satisfies area with finite sizes. From the analysis of the obtained operations over the received field, it follows that the radar or optical system forms an estimate of the coherent image in the form of a convolution of a true image of the underlying surface with an ambiguity function. Generally, this function contains two multipliers, one of which determines the resolution of recovery of the coherent image. In that specific case, when the linear sizes of the field of registration go to infinity, ambiguity function takes a form of delta function and the required image can be restored without distortions. It is offered to determine resolution by the width between first zeros of ambiguity function. For rectangular area ambiguity function has the form of two sinc functions which width is directly proportional to wavelength, to the height of sounding and is inversely proportional to the linear sizes of receiving area on the corresponding coordinates. Finally, it is mentioned that for the higher-quality coherent imaging with good resolution by the same receiving area it is necessary to perform scanning and movement in space

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