scholarly journals Recent advances in the rational synthesis and self-assembly of anisotropic plasmonic nanoparticles

2018 ◽  
Vol 90 (9) ◽  
pp. 1393-1407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo Scarabelli
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Rational Design ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Cascade Reactions ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Plasmonic Materials ◽  
Optical And Electronic Properties ◽  
Complex Architectures ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Surface Chemistries

Abstract The field of plasmonics has grown at an incredible pace in the last couple of decades, and the synthesis and self-assembly of anisotropic plasmonic materials remains highly dynamic. The engineering of nanoparticle optical and electronic properties has resulted in important consequences for several scientific fields, including energy, medicine, biosensing, and electronics. However, the full potential of plasmonics has not yet been realized due to crucial challenges that remain in the field. In particular, the development of nanoparticles with new plasmonic properties and surface chemistries could enable the rational design of more complex architectures capable of performing advanced functions, like cascade reactions, energy conversion, or signal transduction. The scope of this short review is to highlight the most recent developments in the synthesis and self-assembly of anisotropic metal nanoparticles, which are capable of bringing forward the next generation of plasmonic materials.

Recent Highlights in the use of Lanthanide-directed Synthesis of Novel Supramolecular (Luminescent) Self-assembly Structures such as Coordination Bundles, Helicates and Sensors

2011 ◽  
Vol 64 (10) ◽  
pp. 1315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christophe Lincheneau ◽  
Floriana Stomeo ◽  
Steve Comby ◽  
Thorfinnur Gunnlaugsson
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Luminescent Properties ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Organic Ligands ◽  
Lanthanide Ions ◽  
Directed Synthesis ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Coordination Requirements ◽  
Physical Features

In this short review, we focus on the recent developments within the field of coordination chemistry where mono- or multimetallic supramolecular self-assemblies are formed by employing structurally defined organic ligands, taking advantage of the high coordination requirements of the lanthanides. Such synthesis results in the formation of both structurally complex and beautiful self-assemblies. Moreover, as the lanthanide ions possess both unique magnetic (e.g. GdIII and DyIII) and luminescent properties, either in the visible (EuIII, SmIII and TbIII) or near-infrared regions (YbIII, NdIII, ErIII), these physical features are usually transferred to the self-assemblies themselves, allowing the formation of highly functional structures, such as coordination networks, as well as molecular bundles and helicates. Hence, examples of the use of lanthanide-directed synthesis of luminescent sensors, some of which are formed on solid surfaces such as gold (flat surface or nanoparticles), and imaging agents are presented. Moreover, we demonstrate that by using chiral organic ligands, lanthanide-directed synthesis can also give rise to the formation of enantiomerically pure self-assemblies, the structure of which can be probed using circularly polarized luminescence.

Recent Developments in Highly Stereoselective Michael Addition Reactions Catalyzed by Metal Complexes

Synthesis ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (06) ◽  
pp. 781-795 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander N. Reznikov ◽  
Yuri N. Klimochkin
Keyword(s):  
Transition Metal ◽  
Michael Addition ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Cascade Reactions ◽  
Addition Reactions ◽  
Asymmetric Catalytic ◽  
Michael Reactions ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Metal Catalyzed

Achieving high enantioselectivity and diastereoselectivity simultaneously­ is a rather challenging task for asymmetric catalytic synthesis­. Thanks to the rapid development of asymmetric transition-metal catalysis, significant progress has been made during recent years in achieving highly enantio- and diastereoselective conjugate addition reactions with a diverse combination of Michael donors and acceptors. This short review surveys the advances in transition-metal-catalyzed asymmetric diastereoselective Michael addition including diastereodivergent catalysis developed between 2015 and 2019. The review is divided into multiple parts according to the type of nucleophiles involved in the reaction.1 Introduction2 Addition of Functionalized Ketones and Dicarbonyl Compounds3 Addition of Aldimino Esters and Their Cyclic Analogues4 Addition of Indolin-2-ones5 Vinylogous Michael Reactions6 Other Michael Donors7 Cascade Reactions Initiated by Michael Addition8 Conclusion

scholarly journals Pattern transfer using block copolymers

2013 ◽  
Vol 371 (2000) ◽  
pp. 20120306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaodan Gu ◽  
Ilja Gunkel ◽  
Thomas P. Russell
Keyword(s):  
Block Copolymers ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Pattern Transfer ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Actual Use ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
20 Nm ◽  
Lithography Technique ◽  
Made In

To meet the increasing demand for patterning smaller feature sizes, a lithography technique is required with the ability to pattern sub-20 nm features. While top-down photolithography is approaching its limit in the continued drive to meet Moore’s law, the use of directed self-assembly (DSA) of block copolymers (BCPs) offers a promising route to meet this challenge in achieving nanometre feature sizes. Recent developments in BCP lithography and in the DSA of BCPs are reviewed. While tremendous advances have been made in this field, there are still hurdles that need to be overcome to realize the full potential of BCPs and their actual use.

Recent developments in enantioselective organocatalytic cascade reactions for the construction of halogenated ring systems

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Maria Madeira Martins Faisca Phillips ◽  
Ana Maria Madeira Martins Faisca Phillips ◽  
Armando J. L. Pombeiro
Keyword(s):  
Cascade Reactions ◽  
Ring Systems ◽  
Recent Developments

scholarly journals Toward Experimental Evolution with Giant Vesicles

Life ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hironori Sugiyama ◽  
Taro Toyota
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Evolution ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Experimental Evolution ◽  
Microfluidic Devices ◽  
Future Perspective ◽  
Cell Models ◽  
Giant Vesicles ◽  
Chemical Models ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Oil Emulsions

Experimental evolution in chemical models of cells could reveal the fundamental mechanisms of cells today. Various chemical cell models, water-in-oil emulsions, oil-on-water droplets, and vesicles have been constructed in order to conduct research on experimental evolution. In this review, firstly, recent studies with these candidate models are introduced and discussed with regards to the two hierarchical directions of experimental evolution (chemical evolution and evolution of a molecular self-assembly). Secondly, we suggest giant vesicles (GVs), which have diameters larger than 1 µm, as promising chemical cell models for studying experimental evolution. Thirdly, since technical difficulties still exist in conventional GV experiments, recent developments of microfluidic devices to deal with GVs are reviewed with regards to the realization of open-ended evolution in GVs. Finally, as a future perspective, we link the concept of messy chemistry to the promising, unexplored direction of experimental evolution in GVs.

Examining the structure of the mature amyloid fibril

2002 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 521-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. S. Makin ◽  
L. C. Serpell
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Rational Design ◽  
Amyloid Fibrils ◽  
Structural Information ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Crystallography ◽  
Cryo Electron Microscopy ◽  
Fibre Diffraction ◽  
Complementary Techniques ◽  
Mature Fibril

The pathogenesis of the group of diseases known collectively as the amyloidoses is characterized by the deposition of insoluble amyloid fibrils. These are straight, unbranching structures about 70–120 å (1 å = 0.1 nm) in diameter and of indeterminate length formed by the self-assembly of a diverse group of normally soluble proteins. Knowledge of the structure of these fibrils is necessary for the understanding of their abnormal assembly and deposition, possibly leading to the rational design of therapeutic agents for their prevention or disaggregation. Structural elucidation is impeded by fibril insolubility and inability to crystallize, thus preventing the use of X-ray crystallography and solution NMR. CD, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and light scattering have been used in the study of the mechanism of fibril formation. This review concentrates on the structural information about the final, mature fibril and in particular the complementary techniques of cryo-electron microscopy, solid-state NMR and X-ray fibre diffraction.

scholarly journals Thermodynamics of structured fluids. Hard science for soft materials

2000 ◽  
Vol 72 (10) ◽  
pp. 1819-1834 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. Prausnitz
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
Soft Materials ◽  
Confined Space ◽  
Molecular Physics ◽  
Fluid Structure ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Structured Fluids ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Narrow Space

At liquid-like densities, molecules of complex fluids can assume a variety of structures (or positions) in space; when the molecules contain many atoms as, for example, in polymers, that variety becomes very large. Further, when confined to a narrow space, it is possible to achieve structures that are not normally observed. Thanks to recent advances in statistical mechanics and molecular physics, and thanks to increasingly fast computers, it is now possible to calculate a fluid's structure, that is, the positions of molecules at equilibrium under given conditions. Calculation of fluid structure is useful because thermodynamic properties depend strongly on that structure, leading to possible applications for new materials. Three examples illustrate some recent developments; each example is presented only schematically (with a minimum of equations) to indicate the physical basis of the mathematical description. The first example considers the effect of branching on self-assembly (micellization) of copolymers (with possible long-range applications in medicine). The second and third examples consider the effect of confinement on fluid structure: first, crystallization in a narrow, confined space to produce a desired crystal structure (with possible applications for light-emitting diodes) and second, suppression of micellization of a diblock copolymer in a thin film (with possible application in lithography). Whenever possible, theoretical calculations are compared with experimental results.

Template-free multicomponent coordination-driven self-assembly of Pd(ii)/Pt(ii) molecular cages

2014 ◽  
Vol 50 (18) ◽  
pp. 2239-2248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandip Mukherjee ◽  
Partha Sarathi Mukherjee
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Assembly Process ◽  
Molecular Cages ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Ligand Coordination ◽  
Template Free ◽  
Metal Ligand

This article summarizes the recent developments in the construction of multicomponent molecular hollowed-out cages through the metal–ligand coordination-driven self-assembly process, with a focus on the decreasing relevance of the use of templates.

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