scholarly journals Genetic Relationships among Schizolobium parahybum (Vell.) Blake (Leguminosae) Ecotypes from Ecuador and other Countries

2007 ◽  
Vol 56 (1-6) ◽  
pp. 214-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. F. Canchignia-Martínez ◽  
S. Hernández-Delgado ◽  
M. González-Paz ◽  
E. Motte ◽  
N. Mayek-Pérez
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Fragment Length ◽  
Geographical Origin ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Aflp Markers ◽  
Diversity Patterns ◽  
Length Polymorphisms ◽  
Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphisms ◽  
Genetic Status

Abstract Fifteen ecotypes of Schizolobium parahybum (Vell.) Blake collected in Ecuador (9), Brazil (3), Bolivia (1) Costa Rica (1), and Peru (1) were analyzed using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPDs), Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphisms (AFLPs) and microsatellites (SSRs) in order to determine their genetic relationships and diversity patterns among ecotypes and to identify the origin of cultivated germplasm in Ecuador. Although AFLP markers were the most informative technique based on amplified products, SSRs clearly differentiated the ecotypes of Ecuador based on their geographical origin or genetic status into two groups: commercial ecotypes growing at western Ecuador very similar to the ecotype from Costa Rica, and native germplasm from eastern Ecuador and ecotypes from Brazil, Peru and Bolivia.

AFLP assessment of the genetic relationships among 12 Thymus taxa occurring in Portugal

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-92
Author(s):  
David V. da Silva ◽  
João M. Duarte ◽  
Maria G. Miguel ◽  
José M. Leitão
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Fragment Length ◽  
Mediterranean Region ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Aflp Markers ◽  
Length Polymorphisms ◽  
Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphisms

Thymus is a widely distributed genus in the Mediterranean region with several species endemic to the Iberian Peninsula. The genetic relationships among the 12 major Thymus taxa, T. albicans, T. caespititius, T. camphoratus, T. capitellatus, T. carnosus, T.lotocephalus, T. mastichina L. ssp. mastichina, T. pulegioides, T. villosus ssp. lusitanicus, T. villosus ssp. villosus, T. zygis ssp. sylvestris and T. zygis ssp. zygis, which occur in Portugal were assessed by AFLP (Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphisms) markers. A general agreement was found between the genetic relationships estimated by the AFLP markers and the accepted Thymus taxonomy based on morphological traits and essential oil content. The AFLP markers also supported suggestions for refinement of the taxonomy of this genus.

Genetic relationships among accessions of mandacaru (Cereus spp.: Cactaceae) using amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLP)

2013 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 12-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Sala de Faria-Tavares ◽  
Paula Garcia Martin ◽  
Claudete Aparecida Mangolin ◽  
Sandra Aparecida de Oliveira-Collet ◽  
Maria de Fátima P.S. Machado
Keyword(s):  
Fragment Length ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Length Polymorphisms ◽  
Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphisms

scholarly journals Expanded Genetic Map of Gibberella moniliformis (Fusarium verticillioides)

2002 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 1972-1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
James E. Jurgenson ◽  
Kurt A. Zeller ◽  
John F. Leslie
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Map ◽  
Fragment Length ◽  
Fusarium Verticillioides ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Aflp Markers ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Length Polymorphisms ◽  
Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphisms ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Gibberella Moniliformis

ABSTRACT Gibberella moniliformis (Fusarium verticillioides) is primarily a pathogen of maize, but it can also cause disease in other crop species. This pathogenicity, as well as the contamination of food- and feedstuffs with the fumonisin mycotoxins, results in economically significant losses to both farmers and food processors. The dissection of important biological characters in this fungus has been hampered by the lack of a uniformly dense genetic map. The existing restriction fragment length polymorphism-based map contains significant gaps, making it difficult to routinely locate biologically important genes, such as those involved in pathogenicity or mycotoxin production, with precision. We utilized amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs) to saturate the existing genetic map and added 486 AFLP markers to the ∼150 markers on the existing map. The resulting map has an average marker interval of 3.9 map units and averages ∼21 kb/map unit. The additional markers expanded the map from 1,452 to 2,188 map units distributed across 12 chromosomes. The maximum distance between adjacent markers is 29 map units. We identified AFLP markers less than 1 map unit from the mating type (MAT) locus and 2.5 map units from the spore killer (SK) locus; eight AFLP markers map within 8.5 units of the FUM1 (fumonisin biosynthetic) locus. The increased saturation of this map will facilitate further development of G. moniliformis as a model system for the genetic and population genetic studies of related, but less genetically tractable, plant pathogenic fungi.

Genetic relationships within and among Iberian fescues (Festuca L.) based on PCR-amplified markers

Genome ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 49 (9) ◽  
pp. 1170-1183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro J.G. de Nova ◽  
Marcelino de la Cruz ◽  
Juan V. Monte ◽  
Consuelo Soler
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Genetic Relatedness ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Lolium Rigidum ◽  
Length Polymorphisms ◽  
Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphisms ◽  
Molecular Genetic Variation

The genus Festuca comprises approximately 450 species and is widely distributed around the world. The Iberian Penninsula, with more than 100 taxa colonizing very diverse habitats, is one of its main centers of diversification. This study was conducted to assess molecular genetic variation and genetic relatedness among 91 populations of 31 taxa of Iberian fescues, based on several molecular markers (random amplified polymorphic DNA, amplified fragment length polymorphisms, and trnL sequences). The analyses showed the paraphyletic origin of the broad-leaved (subgenus Festuca , sections Scariosae and Subbulbosae, and subgenus Schedonorus ) and the fine-leaved fescues (subgenus Festuca, sections Aulaxyper, Eskia, and Festuca). Schedonorus showed a weak relationship with Lolium rigidum and appeared to be the most recent of the broad-leaved clade. Section Eskia was the most ancient and Festuca the most recent of the fine-leaved clade. Festuca and Aulaxyper were the most related sections, in concordance with their taxonomic affinities. All taxa grouped into their sections, except F. ampla and F. capillifolia (section Festuca), which appeared to be more closely related to Aulaxyper and to a new independent section, respectively. Most populations clustered at the species level, but some subspecies and varieties mixed their populations. This study demonstrated the value in combining different molecular markers to uncover hidden genetic relationships between populations of Festuca.

Genetic relationships of North American bears (Ursus) inferred from amplified fragment length polymorphisms and mitochondrial DNA sequences

2013 ◽  
Vol 91 (9) ◽  
pp. 626-634 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A. Cronin ◽  
M.M. McDonough ◽  
H.M. Huynh ◽  
R.J. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Fragment Length ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Black Bears ◽  
Gene Pools ◽  
Polar Bears ◽  
Brown Bears ◽  
Southeast Alaska ◽  
Length Polymorphisms ◽  
Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphisms

The three species of bears in North America, polar bears (Ursus maritimus Phipps, 1774), brown bears (Ursus arctos L., 1758), and black bears (Ursus americanus Pallas, 1780), have differentiated morphologies and nuclear and mitochondrial genomes. An exception is a paraphyletic mitochondrial DNA relationship and some nuclear gene lineages common to polar bears and a population of brown bears from islands in southeast Alaska. In this study, we quantified the genetic relationships of extant brown bears and black bears from Alaska and Montana, and polar bears from Alaska, with amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLP) and mtDNA cytochrome-b sequences. Bayesian cluster analyses of the AFLP data show each species is distinct. All brown bears, including those from the islands in southeast Alaska, cluster separately from polar bears, and black bears cluster separately from brown bears and polar bears. The mtDNA of polar bears and southeast Alaska island brown bears is paraphyletic as reported previously, but the species have different haplotypes. These data indicate that extant populations of brown bears and polar bears have separate nuclear and mitochondrial gene pools and are supported as species under the genetic species concept.

scholarly journals Use of Inter-Simple Sequence Repeats and Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphisms to Analyze Genetic Relationships Among Small Grain-Infecting Species of Ustilago

2003 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. G. Menzies ◽  
G. Bakkeren ◽  
F. Matheson ◽  
J. D. Procunier ◽  
S. Woods
Keyword(s):  
Fragment Length ◽  
Simple Sequence Repeats ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Smut Fungi ◽  
Inter Simple Sequence Repeats ◽  
Length Polymorphisms ◽  
Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphisms ◽  
Dna Profiles ◽  
Simple Sequence

In the smut fungi, few features are available for use as taxonomic criteria (spore size, shape, morphology, germination type, and host range). DNA-based molecular techniques are useful in expanding the traits considered in determining relationships among these fungi. We examined the phylogenetic relationships among seven species of Ustilago (U. avenae, U. bullata, U. hordei, U. kolleri, U. nigra, U. nuda, and U. tritici) using inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSRs) and amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs) to compare their DNA profiles. Fifty-four isolates of different Ustilago spp. were analyzed using ISSR primers, and 16 isolates of Ustilago were studied using AFLP primers. The variability among isolates within species was low for all species except U. bullata. The isolates of U. bullata, U. nuda, and U. tritici were well separated and our data supports their speciation. U. avenae and U. kolleri isolates did not separate from each other and there was little variability between these species. U. hordei and U. nigra isolates also showed little variability between species, but the isolates from each species grouped together. Our data suggest that U. avenae and U. kolleri are monophyletic and should be considered one species, as should U. hordei and U. nigra.

Mapping of the Dioscorea tokoro genome: AFLP markers linked to sex

Genome ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 752-762 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryohei Terauchi ◽  
Günter Kahl
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Fragment Length ◽  
Aflp Markers ◽  
Linkage Maps ◽  
Linkage Groups ◽  
Morphological Marker ◽  
Length Polymorphisms ◽  
Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphisms ◽  
Heterogametic Sex ◽  
Wild Yam

Two framework linkage maps were constructed for the genome of the dioecious wild yam species Dioscorea tokoro. The pseudo-testcross strategy was employed, using 271 amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs), five sequence-tagged microsatellite sites, one isozyme, and one morphological marker. For the two parents DT7 and DT5 used in the cross, 13 and 12 linkage groups, respectively, were identified. The total map lengths were 669 and 613 cM, respectively, for DT7 and DT5, which cover more than 75% of the D. tokoro genome. Ten AFLP markers heterozygous only in the male parent showed tight linkages with the sex of its progeny, which suggests that male is the heterogametic sex (XY) and the female is the homogametic sex (XX).Key words: Dioscorea tokoro, yam, linkage map, AFLP, sex determination.

scholarly journals Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism Analysis of Genetic Diversity and Relationships of Wild and Cultivated Peach (Prunus persica L.)

HortScience ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fanjuan Meng ◽  
Mu Peng ◽  
Fachun Guan
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Fragment Length ◽  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Polymorphism Analysis ◽  
Length Polymorphisms ◽  
Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphisms ◽  
Principal Axes

To date, a narrow genetic base is a serious obstacle in peach (Prunus persica L.) production. Wild peach resources are useful germplasms for breeding new cultivars. In this study, amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs) were used to analyze the genetic diversity and relationships of wild and cultivated peach germplasms. These results showed that AFLP is an efficient technique for identifying the genetic relationships of wild and cultivated peach. Thirteen AFLP primer combinations generated a total of 377 scorable and clear fragments, all of which (100%) were polymorphic. Moreover, the polymorphism information content (PIC) values ranged from 0.91 to 0.96 with a mean of 0.95. The results of the principal component analysis (PCoA) largely corresponded to those obtained using cluster analysis. The three principal axes accounted for 2.6%, 5.79%, and 25.26% of the total variation, respectively. In conclusion, wild peach germplasms should receive special attention to ensure their conservation.

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