An Evaluation of the Physiological Demands of Elite Rugby Union Using Global Positioning System Tracking Software

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 1195-1203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Cunniffe ◽  
Wayne Proctor ◽  
Julien S Baker ◽  
Bruce Davies
Keyword(s):  
Global Positioning System ◽  
Rugby Union ◽  
Positioning System ◽  
Global Positioning ◽  
Physiological Demands ◽  
Global Positioning System Tracking

scholarly journals A comparison of the physical demands of a one-day cricket game and the training sessions of provincial cricket players using Global Positioning System tracking software

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z Webster ◽  
A Travill
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Global Positioning System ◽  
Training Session ◽  
Numerical Data ◽  
Positioning System ◽  
Physical Demands ◽  
Global Positioning ◽  
Physiological Demands ◽  
Global Positioning System Tracking ◽  
The One

Background: Cricket is a highly technical skills-based game and coaches consequently focus on the improvement of skills during training sessions. However, a certain level of physical fitness is required to execute these skills optimally. Coaches tend to give little focused attention to the development of physical fitness during training, which could lead to players being physically unprepared for the demands of a game.  Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess and compare the physical demands of a one-day cricket game and a training session of provincial cricket players, using Global Positioning System units.  Methods: Nineteen male provincial cricketers participated in the research. The participants were classified into five sub-disciplines, namely, batting, fast bowling, spin bowling, fielding and wicketkeeping. The study employed a descriptive and comparative design as it essentially collected numerical data from Global Positioning System units to describe and compare the physical demands of a one-day game of cricket and a training session preceding these games. The variables used in the study included total distances travelled in the game which were divided into five movement categories, i.e. walking, jogging, running, striding and sprinting. Also included were average and maximum heart rates, number of sprints and average sprint distances.  Results: There were significant differences across all sub-disciplines and movement categories during training and the one-day game for provincial cricket players. Batsmen showed the greatest discrepancies between training and the game for all high-intensity movements (p<0.05).  Conclusion: The findings of this study highlight the different physical and physiological demands placed on players in the various sub-disciplines during training and the one-day game. The current study found the major disparity between training and the one-day game was amongst the batsmen. 

Physical and Physiological Demands of Elite Rugby Union Officials

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1199-1207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew R. Blair ◽  
Nathan Elsworthy ◽  
Nancy J. Rehrer ◽  
Chris Button ◽  
Nicholas D. Gill
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Global Positioning System ◽  
Rugby Union ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Relative Distance ◽  
Positioning System ◽  
Total Distance ◽  
Global Positioning ◽  
Physiological Demands ◽  
Physical Preparation

Purpose: To examine the movement and physiological demands of rugby union officiating in elite competition. Methods: Movement demands of 9 elite officials across 12 Super Rugby matches were calculated, using global positioning system devices. Total distance (in m), relative distance (in m·min−1), and percentage time spent in various speed zones were calculated across a match. Heart-rate (HR) responses were also recorded throughout each match. Cohen d effect sizes were reported to examine the within-match variations. Results: The total distance covered was 8030 (506) m, with a relative distance of 83 (5) m·min−1 and with no differences observed between halves. Most game time was spent at lower movement speeds (76% [2%]; <2.0 m·s−1), with large effects for time spent >7.0 m·s−1 between halves (d = 2.85). Mean HR was 154 (10) beats·min−1 (83.8 [2.9]%HRmax), with no differences observed between the first and second halves. Most game time was spent between 81%HRmax and 90%HRmax (40.5% [7.5%]) with no observable differences between halves. Distances covered above 5.1 m·s−1 were highest during the first 10 min of a match, while distance at speeds 3.7 to 5 m·s−1 decreased during the final 10 min of play. Conclusions: These findings highlight the highly demanding and intermittent nature of rugby union officiating, with only some minor variations in physical and physiological demands across a match. These results have implications for the physical preparation of professional rugby union referees.

High-intensity Activity in European vs. National Rugby Union Games in the best 2014–2015 Team

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charly Fornasier-Santos ◽  
Gregoire P Millet ◽  
Paul Stridgeon ◽  
Olivier Girard ◽  
Franck Brocherie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Global Positioning System ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Rugby Union ◽  
Positioning System ◽  
Competition Level ◽  
Global Positioning ◽  
Running Pattern

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to evaluate the influence of competition level on running patterns for five playing position in the most successful 2014–2015 European rugby union team. Seventeen French rugby union championship and seven European rugby Champions Cup games were analysed. Global positioning system (sampling: 10 Hz) were used to determine high-speed movements, high-intensity accelerations, repeated high-intensity efforts and high-intensity micro-movements characteristics for five positional groups. During European Champions Cup games, front row forwards performed a higher number of repeated high-intensity efforts compared to National championship games (5.8±1.6 vs. 3.6±2.3; +61.1%), and back row forwards travelled greater distance both at high-speed movements (3.4±1.8 vs. 2.4±0.9 m·min-1; +41.7%) and after high-intensity accelerations (78.2±14.0 vs. 68.1 ±13.4 m; +14.8%). In backs, scrum halves carried out more high-intensity accelerations (24.7±3.1 vs. 14.8±5.0; +66.3%) whereas outside backs completed a higher number of high-speed movements (62.7±25.4 vs. 48.3±17.0; +29.8%) and repeated high-intensity efforts (13.5±4.6 vs. 9.7±4.9;  +39.2%). These results highlighted that the competition level affected the high-intensity activity differently among the five playing positions. Consequently, training programs in elite rugby should be tailored taking into account both the level of competition and the high-intensity running pattern of each playing position.

scholarly journals In-match physical demands on elite Japanese rugby union players using a global positioning system

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. e000659 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hayato Yamamoto ◽  
Masanori Takemura ◽  
Junta Iguchi ◽  
Misato Tachibana ◽  
Junzo Tsujita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Global Positioning System ◽  
High Velocity ◽  
Training Programme ◽  
Rugby Union ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Positioning System ◽  
Specific Training ◽  
Physical Demands ◽  
Global Positioning ◽  
Training Programmes

ObjectivesOur aim of this study was to quantify the physical demands of elite rugby union players by each position as a step towards designing position-specific training programme using a Global Positioning System/accelerometer system.MethodsThis study was performed as a retrospective observational study. Data were obtained from 45 official matches. The sample size used for the analysis was 298. The per-match total distances, accelerations and impacts were calculated and statistically compared for the forwards and backs and for individual positions.ResultsTotal distances for the forwards and backs were 5731.1±507.8 and 6392.1±646.8 m, respectively. The high-velocity running distances (>18.0 km/hour) covered by the forwards and backs were 317.4±136.9 and 715.0±242.9 m, respectively. The number of accelerations (>1.5 m/s2) for the forwards and backs were 76.3±18.9 and 100.8±19.6 times, respectively, and the number of high impacts (>10 g) were 48.0±46.9 and 35.6±28.3 times for the forwards and backs, respectively. All characteristics were significantly different between the forwards and backs (p<0.05). The per-position characteristics were also calculated. Within the backs, scrum half (SH) and wingers (WTBs) covered high-velocity running significantly higher distance than fly-half (SH d=2.571, WTBs d=1.556) and centres (SH d=1.299, WTBs d=0.685) (p<0.05).ConclusionBy clarifying the physical demands according to the positions, it will be possible to create optimised position-specific training programmes.

Pediatric Tuberculosis and a Unique Method of Case Finding and Default Prevention: The Case of Baby ‘Lucky’, Moyale Sub-County, Kenya, 2019

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 553-555
Author(s):  
Dahabo Adi Galgallo ◽  
Ibrahim Lio ◽  
Adano Kochi ◽  
Dennis Kalikidane Mutiga CCE ◽  
James Ransom
Keyword(s):  
Global Positioning System ◽  
Male Infant ◽  
Case Finding ◽  
Positioning System ◽  
Extra Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Global Positioning ◽  
Unique Method ◽  
Global Positioning System Tracking ◽  
Pediatric Tuberculosis ◽  
Default Prevention

Abstract We report the case of a 9-month-old male infant diagnosed in the field with extra-pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). Use of innovative global positioning system tracking of pregnant pastoralist women allowed staff to find the mother, locate the infant and enroll the infant in care and treatment. Due to this innovative intervention of case finding and tracking, the infant was prevented from defaulting and completed his anti-TB regimen.

scholarly journals Pigeons combine compass and landmark guidance in familiar route navigation

2007 ◽  
Vol 104 (18) ◽  
pp. 7471-7476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dora Biro ◽  
Robin Freeman ◽  
Jessica Meade ◽  
Stephen Roberts ◽  
Tim Guilford
Keyword(s):  
Global Positioning System ◽  
Columba Livia ◽  
Homing Pigeon ◽  
Positioning System ◽  
Compass Orientation ◽  
Sun Compass ◽  
Global Positioning ◽  
Global Positioning System Tracking ◽  
Tracking Technology ◽  
Route Navigation

How do birds orient over familiar terrain? In the best studied avian species, the homing pigeon (Columba livia), two apparently independent primary mechanisms are currently debated: either memorized visual landmarks provide homeward guidance directly, or birds rely on a compass to home from familiar locations. Using miniature Global Positioning System tracking technology and clock-shift procedures, we set sun-compass and landmark information in conflict, showing that experienced birds can accurately complete their memorized routes by using landmarks alone. Nevertheless, we also find that route following is often consistently offset in the expected compass direction, faithfully reproducing the shape of the track, but in parallel. Thus, we demonstrate conditions under which compass orientation and landmark guidance must be combined into a system of simultaneous or oscillating dual control.

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