The Influence of Emotional State on Learning From Reward and Punishment in Borderline Personality Disorder

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 433-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine L. Dixon-Gordon ◽  
Matthew T. Tull ◽  
Leor M. Hackel ◽  
Kim L. Gratz
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Emotional State ◽  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Corrective Feedback ◽  
Learning Task ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Emotion Induction ◽  
Before And After

Despite preliminary evidence that individuals with borderline personality disorder (BPD) demonstrate deficits in learning from corrective feedback, no studies have examined the influence of emotional state on these learning deficits in BPD. This laboratory study examined the influence of negative emotions on learning among participants with BPD (n = 17), compared with clinical (past-year mood/anxiety disorder; n = 20) and healthy (n = 23) controls. Participants completed a reinforcement learning task before and after a negative emotion induction. The learning task involved presenting pairs of stimuli with probabilistic feedback in the training phase, and subsequently assessing accuracy for choosing previously rewarded stimuli or avoiding previously punished stimuli. ANOVAs and ANCOVAs revealed no significant between-group differences in overall learning accuracy. However, there was an effect of group in the ANCOVA for postemotion induction high-conflict punishment learning accuracy, with the BPD group showing greater decrements in learning accuracy than controls following the negative emotion induction.

scholarly journals Emotional responses to a negative emotion induction procedure in Borderline Personality Disorder

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert Feliu-Soler ◽  
Juan Carlos Pascual ◽  
Joaquim Soler ◽  
Víctor Pérez ◽  
Antonio Armario ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Emotional Responses ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Emotion Induction ◽  
Induction Procedure

scholarly journals Don't Make Me Angry: Frustration-Induced Anger and Its Link to Aggression in Women With Borderline Personality Disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katja Bertsch ◽  
Sarah Back ◽  
Aleya Flechsenhar ◽  
Corinne Neukel ◽  
Marlene Krauch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Emotion Dysregulation ◽  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Healthy Women ◽  
Interpersonal Dysfunction ◽  
Before And After

Aggression is a prominent interpersonal dysfunction of individuals with borderline personality disorder (BPD). In BPD aggression is predominantly reactive in nature, often triggered by frustration, provocation, or social threat and is associated with intense anger and an inability to regulate this strong, negative emotion. Building on previous research, we were interested in investigating negative emotionality in general and anger in particular in women with BPD before and after frustration induction. To achieve this, 60 medication-free women with BPD and 32 healthy women rated the intensity of negative emotions (angry, frustrated, upset, embarrassed, nervous) before and after performing a Titrated Mirror Tracing Task, which reliably induces frustration and distress. As expected, women with BPD reported significantly greater intensity of negative emotions before and after frustration than healthy women. Specifically, they showed a significantly stronger frustration-induced increase in anger, while other negative emotions remained unaffected by frustration induction. This anger increase was significantly related to aggressive behavior reported in the 2 weeks prior to the experiment, as well as to the level of frustration experienced in the experiment itself, but not with emotion dysregulation. The current data confirm the important role of frustration-induced anger independent of emotion dysregulation in BPD, in particular with regard to aggression, a prominent interpersonal dysfunction of this disorder. These findings underline the importance of interventions with particular focus on anger.

Failures to Imagine

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 270-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reed Maxwell ◽  
Steven Jay Lynn ◽  
Scott Lilienfeld
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Mental Imagery ◽  
Emotional Regulation ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Visual Mental Imagery

Although interest in the relationship between mental imagery and psychopathology has increased greatly over the last decade, few publications to date have examined relationships between personality-related psychopathology and mental imagery use, abilities, or both. However, we have reason to expect that substantive relationships may exist. For example, studies have consistently linked psychopathy and borderline personality disorder to problems in emotion experience and emotion regulation, and a growing number of studies indicate that deficits in visual mental imagery use and ability in particular may contribute to such problems. Using correlational data from multiple self-report measures of normal and pathological personality functioning and visual mental imagery, our study presents preliminary evidence for lower levels of self-reported visual mental imagery use, abilities, or both among noncriminal individuals with higher levels of self-reported psychopathy and individuals with greater emotional regulation difficulties, a core feature of borderline personality disorder. We also found significant relationships among self-reported visual mental imagery use, ability, or both, and personality variables shown to strongly predict psychopathy and emotional regulation difficulties. Limitations of the study, especially its reliance on a correlational, cross-sectional design, are discussed, and implications for future research are explored.

Change of Emotional Experience in Major Depression and Borderline Personality Disorder During Psychotherapy: Associations With Depression Severity and Personality Functioning

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrike Dinger ◽  
Magdalena Fuchs ◽  
Johanna Köhling ◽  
Henning Schauenburg ◽  
Johannes C. Ehrenthal
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Emotional Experience ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Depression Severity ◽  
Personality Functioning ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Patient Groups

This study examines emotional experience in major depressive disorder (MDD) with and without comorbid borderline personality disorder (BPD). It investigates if depression severity or personality functioning mediates group differences and which aspects of emotional experience change during psychotherapy. The emotional experience of MDD-BPD patients (n = 44) was compared to MDD-only patients (n = 35) before and after multimodal short-term psychotherapy. Emotions were classified based on valence and an active/passive polarity. MDD-BPD patients exhibited more active-negative emotions. This group difference was mediated by the level of personality functioning, but not by depression severity. Although passive-negative emotions decreased and positive emotions increased during therapy, there was no significant change in active-negative emotions. The two patient groups did not significantly differ in the change of emotional experience. Lower levels of personality functioning in depressed patients with BPD are associated with a broader spectrum of negative emotions, specifically more active-negative emotions.

scholarly journals Sleep recordings in individuals with borderline personality disorder before and after trauma therapy

2016 ◽  
Vol 124 (S1) ◽  
pp. 99-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Lena Weinhold ◽  
Robert Göder ◽  
Astrid Pabst ◽  
Anna-Lena Scharff ◽  
Maggie Schauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Trauma Therapy ◽  
Before And After

scholarly journals Biased Attention to Facial Expressions of Ambiguous Emotions in Borderline Personality Disorder: An Eye-Tracking Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 671-S8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah Kaiser ◽  
Gitta A. Jacob ◽  
Linda van Zutphen ◽  
Nicolette Siep ◽  
Andreas Sprenger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Visual Attention ◽  
Emotion Recognition ◽  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Ambiguous Faces

Preliminary evidence suggests that biased attention could be crucial in fostering the emotion recognition abnormalities in borderline personality disorder (BPD). We compared BPD patients to Cluster-C personality disorder (CC) patients and non-patients (NP) regarding emotion recognition in ambiguous faces and their visual attention allocation to the eyes. The role of comorbid posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in BPD regarding emotion recognition and visual attention was explored. BPD patients fixated the eyes of angry/happy, sad/happy, and fearful/sad blends longer than non-patients. This visual attention pattern was mainly driven by BPD patients with PTSD. This subgroup also demonstrated longer fixations than CC patients and a trend towards longer fixations than BPD patients without PTSD for the angry/happy and fearful/sad blends. Emotion recognition was not altered in BPD. Biased visual attention towards the eyes of ambiguous facial expressions in BPD might be due to trauma-related attentional bias rather than to impairments in facial emotion recognition.

Dialectical Behavior Therapy and Emotion-Focused Therapies for Eating Disorders

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eunice Chen ◽  
Angelina Yiu ◽  
Debra Safer
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Behavior Therapy ◽  
Dialectical Behavior Therapy ◽  
Research Evidence ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Further Development

This chapter provides a description and review of the research evidence for the adaptation of dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) and emotion-focused therapies for eating disorders (EDs). First, the chapter briefly describes the standard DBT program as originally developed for women with borderline personality disorder (BPD) and the evidence for standard DBT with BPD. Second, the rationale for the adaptation of DBT for EDs is given and preliminary evidence for DBT and other emotion-focused treatments is described. Finally, the Stanford DBT program for EDs is outlined. Given the promise of alternative treatments for eating disorders, further development, adaptation, and testing of transdiagnostic emotion regulation treatments is warranted.

Failure of Frontolimbic Inhibitory Function in the Context of Negative Emotion in Borderline Personality Disorder

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 250-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Silbersweig ◽  
John F. Clarkin ◽  
Martin Goldstein ◽  
Otto F. Kernberg ◽  
Oliver Tuescher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Inhibitory Function
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