scholarly journals Groundwater Pollution Risk Assessment Based on Vulnerability to Pollution and Potential Impact of Land Use Forms

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-99
Author(s):  
Robert Duda ◽  
Iwona Klebert ◽  
Robert Zdechlik
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Groundwater Pollution ◽  
Pollution Risk ◽  
Potential Impact

Groundwater pollution risk assessment methodology

2003 ◽  
Vol 47 (9) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Lytton ◽  
S. Howe ◽  
R. Sage ◽  
P. Greenaway
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Risk Score ◽  
Groundwater Pollution ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Assessment Methodology ◽  
Pollution Transport ◽  
Pollution Risk ◽  
Risk Assessment Methodology

A generic groundwater pollution risk assessment methodology has been developed to enable the evaluation and ranking of the potential risk of pollution to groundwater abstractions. The ranking can then be used to prioritise risk management or mitigation procedures in a robust and quantifiable framework and thus inform business investment decisions. The risk assessment considers the three components of the pollution transport model: source - pathway - receptor. For groundwater abstractions these correspond to land use (with associated pollutants and shallow subsurface characteristics), aquifer and the abstraction borehole. An hierarchical approach was chosen to allow the risk assessment to be successfully carried out with different quality data for different parts of the model. The 400-day groundwater protection zone defines the catchment boundary that forms the spatial limit of the land use audit for each receptor. A risk score is obtained for each land use (potential pollution source) within the catchment. These scores are derived by considering the characteristics (such as load, persistence and toxicity) of all pollutants pertaining to each land use, their on-site management and the potential for the unsaturated subsurface to attenuate their effects in the event of a release. Risk scores are also applied to the aquifer characteristics (as pollutant pathway) and to the abstraction borehole (as pollutant receptor). Each risk score is accompanied by an uncertainty score which provides a guide to the confidence in the data used to compile the risk assessment. The application of the methodology has highlighted a number of problems in this type of work and results of initial case studies are being used to trial alternative scoring methods and a more simplified approach to accelerate the process of pollution risk assessment.

scholarly journals Spatial mapping for Groundwater Vulnerability to Pollution Risk Assessment Using DRASTIC Model in Ponnaiyar River Basin, South India

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 355-364
Author(s):  
Ingershal G. Ravindranath ◽  
Venugopal Thirukumaran
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Groundwater Contamination ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Groundwater Pollution ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Drastic Model ◽  
Pollution Risk ◽  
Contamination Risk ◽  
Ponnaiyar River

Groundwater is the principle source of drinking water and protection of groundwater quality is an important issue meets out the increasing population and agricultural practices. The present research an attempt made to develop DRASTIC model to understand the groundwater contamination risk in Ponnaiyar River Basin (PRB), Tamil Nadu, India using geographical information system (GIS). GIS have been shown to be useful tools for assessing groundwater pollution hazard. According to Central Ground Water Board reports the PRB categorized by semi-critical groundwater development. In view of the extensive reliance on this basin, contamination of PRB groundwater became an alarming issue. To assess groundwater contamination risk in the PRB the parameters such as Groundwater depth, Net recharge, Aquifer media, Soil media, Topography, Impact of vadose zone and Hydraulic conductivity were selected. Based on the importance of groundwater contamination all the parameters were assigned to rank and weights. Then all the themes were integrated and classified into five categories such as very low (9.33%), low (26.54%), moderate (34.77%), high (22.38%) and very high (6.98) risk. To validate the DRASTIC model, nitrate concentration was selected and found that it is 81.53% accurate which reflects that, DRASTIC model is appropriate to understand groundwater pollution risk assessment. In the GSB groundwater is contaminated mainly due to extensive use of groundwater extraction for agriculture purpose. Groundwater risk index assessment is an effective tool for groundwater management in the PRB.

scholarly journals Challenges of groundwater pollution and management in transboundary basins at the African scale

2021 ◽  
Vol 384 ◽  
pp. 69-74
Author(s):  
Issoufou Ouedraogo ◽  
Marnik Vanclooster
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Water Table ◽  
Groundwater Pollution ◽  
Statistical Models ◽  
Nitrate Contamination ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Pollution Risk ◽  
Continental Scale ◽  
Deep Aquifers ◽  
Vulnerability Indicator

Abstract. We address the significant knowledge gap for groundwater pollution in Africa methods by assessing groundwater pollution risk at the African scale. To do so, we compiled the most recent continental-scale information on soil, land use, geology, hydrogeology, and topography in a Geographical Information System at the resolution of 15 × 15 km and the 1:60 000 000 scale. We produced a vulnerability map by using the generic DRASTIC vulnerability indicator. This map revealed that groundwater is highly vulnerable in Central and West Africa groundwater basins, where the water table is shallow. In addition, very low vulnerability classes are found in the large sedimentary basins of Africa deserts where groundwater is situated in very deep aquifers. The generic groundwater pollution risk map is obtained by overlaying the DRASTIC vulnerability indicator with current land use. The northern, central, and western parts of the African continent are dominated by high vulnerability classes and very strongly related to water table depths and the development of agricultural activities. Given the availability of data, we concentrate first on nitrate vulnerability mapping. To this end, groundwater nitrate contamination data are compiled in literature using meta-analysis technic and used to calibrate as well linear and nonlinear statistical models; the latter performing much better as compared to simple linear statistical models. This study will help to raise awareness of the manager's International Basin Authorities or Transboundary Basin Organizations in Africa and in particular on transboundary groundwater pollution issues.

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