Preference for Sensory Consonance in 2- and 4-Month-Old Infants

2002 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurel J. Trainor ◽  
Christine D. Tsang ◽  
Vivian H. W. Cheung
Keyword(s):  
Inner Ear ◽  
Auditory Nerve ◽  
Time Preference ◽  
Scale Structure ◽  
Pitch Structure ◽  
Sensory Consonance ◽  
Firing Characteristics ◽  
Consonance And Dissonance

The preferences of 2- and 4-month-old infants for consonant versus dissonant two-tone intervals was tested by using a looking-time preference procedure. Infants of both ages preferred to listen to consonant over dissonant intervals and found it difficult to recover interest after a sequence of dissonant trials. Thus, sensitivity to consonance and dissonance is found before knowledge of scale structure and may be based on the innate structure of the inner ear and the firing characteristics of the auditory nerve. It is likely that consonance perception provides a bootstrap into the task of learning the pitch structure of the musical system to which the infant is exposed.

4. Hearing sound

2015 ◽  
pp. 52-68
Author(s):  
Mike Goldsmith
Keyword(s):  
Inner Ear ◽  
Auditory Nerve ◽  
Input Data ◽  
Salient Features ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Highly Evolved

Our ears have two functions, hearing and balance, but what do they hear and how? We can experience a whole world of sound due to the precise coordination of highly evolved anatomical, electro-chemical, and neurological processing systems. ‘Hearing sound’ describes the anatomy of the outer, middle, and inner ear along with the nerve signals sent to the brain. What happens in the brain’s hearing and language centres is not entirely clear, but the first stage in processing is to extract salient features from the stream of input data from the auditory nerve. Problems with hearing, including deafness and tinnitus, are explained along with how we make different sounds.

Neuro-axonal recruitment: A result of selective compression

1990 ◽  
Vol 104 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernst Lehnhardt
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Inner Ear ◽  
Hearing Impairment ◽  
Auditory Nerve ◽  
Myelin Sheaths ◽  
Acoustic Neurinomas ◽  
Tone Decay ◽  
Interpeak Latency ◽  
Small Acoustic Neuroma

AbstractMany acoustic neurinomas and CPA tumours present an audiometric picture of positive-recruitment hearing impairment although often the CMs are not significantly impaired (according to ECochG) and because, even in the case of a small acoustic neuroma, the interpeak latency between wave I and V (ERA) is increased in the majority of cases. Recruitment cannot be explained, in these cases, as an expression of an accompanying vascular inner ear lesion. Therefore, we attempt to interpret the differential audiometric picture to the various patterns of damage of the auditory nerve. The finding of tone decay is seen as an expression of myelin damage corresponding to the hearing loss in multiple sclerosis.The absence of any degree of tone decay excludes an isolated damage of the myelin sheaths; hearing loss then results from a disturbance also of the associated axons. At such a stage, where there is a functional loss to part of the neural fibres but with intact myelinated residual fibres, the result could be the phenomenon of recruitment for suprathreshold stimulation. This theory of selective compression is compared to an isolated efferent lesion theory as the cause for recruitment in AN and CPA tumours.

scholarly journals Possibility of using embryonic neural cells to regenerate structures of the inner ear of Guinea pigs after experimental ototoxicosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 178-183
Author(s):  
Iryna Ihorivna SAPIZHAK ◽  
◽  
V. PYSANKO ◽  
T. MALYSHEVA ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽  
Inner Ear ◽  
Hearing Aids ◽  
Auditory Nerve ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing ◽  
Neuronal Stem Cell ◽  
Morphological State

Hearing disorders greatly impair the comfort of life, change a person's emotional state, and when developed in early childhood lead to disorders of psycho-social formation of personality. There are currently no effective treatments for patients with sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). Therefore, all over the world prefer "substitution tactics", namely - hearing aids for deafness, or cochlear implant for deafness. Aim. To evaluate the influence of NEC in different ways of their introduction on the morphological state of the structures of the inner ear (Corti's organ and the first neuron, vascular strip), as well as the auditory nerve on the background of aminoglycoside ototoxicosis. To investigate the characteristics and directions of reorganization of hemoblood supply and features of cyto - and myeloarchitectonics of structures of the inner ear. Materials and methods. To study the effectiveness of neuronal embryonic cells (NEC) in aminoglycoside ototoxicosis, experimental studies were performed on 40 guinea pigs weighing from 500 to 600 g. SNHL was caused by the introduction of aminoglycoside antibiotic - gentamicin sulfate at a dose of 100 mg/kg for 14 days. The neuronal stem cell suspension was administered in a volume of 2 million cells in 0.5 ml intratympanically and 2 million cells in 0.5 ml suboccipitally on days 1 and 15 of the experiment. Results and discussion. The influence of NEC on different methods of their introduction on the morphological state of the structures of the inner ear (Corti's organ and the first neuron), as well as the auditory nerve on the background of aminoglycoside ototoxicosis was evaluated. The characteristics and directions of reorganization of hemoblood supply and features of cyto - and myeloarchitectonics of structures of an inner ear according to an estimation of neurovasal relations are investigated. Conclusions. The data obtained indicate that intratympanic and suboccipital administration of NEC promotes the regeneration of damaged cell structures of the inner ear. This opens the prospect of using NEC to develop new approaches in the treatment of patients with sensorineural hearing loss.

scholarly journals Good vibrations: Music and the single hair cell

2002 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 12-14
Author(s):  
Corné Kros
Keyword(s):  
Hair Cell ◽  
Inner Ear ◽  
Hair Cells ◽  
Auditory Nerve ◽  
Sound Stimulus ◽  
Mechanical Stimuli ◽  
Sensory Receptors ◽  
Nerve Fibres ◽  
Sound Processing ◽  
The Brain

Hair cells are the sensory receptors in the inner ear, and the hair bundles that protrude from their upper surfaces transduce mechanical stimuli into electrical responses. This article examines the key molecules involved in the different stages of sound processing within these extraordinarily sensitive and intricate cells, from the reception of the sound stimulus to the release of neurotransmitters on to the auditory nerve fibres that signal to the brain that a sound has been received.

Functional MRI/Event-related potential study of sensory consonance and dissonance in musicians and nonmusicians

Neuroreport ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ludovico Minati ◽  
Cristina Rosazza ◽  
Ludovico DʼIncerti ◽  
Emanuela Pietrocini ◽  
Laura Valentini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Mri ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Potential Study ◽  
Sensory Consonance ◽  
Consonance And Dissonance

Hearing Problems

2014 ◽  
pp. 93-94
Author(s):  
David L Brody
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Neuropathic Pain ◽  
Inner Ear ◽  
Vascular Malformation ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Auditory Nerve ◽  
Inner Ear Damage ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Ringing In The Ears ◽  
Hearing Problems

The most common hearing problems after concussion are hypersensitivity to sound, tinnitus (ringing in the ears), and hearing loss. Any of these situations might merit referral to an ENT. Excessive sensitivity to sound can be due to migraine, damage to the ear and auditory nerve, or neuropathic pain. Consider trials of migraine abortive agents and neuropathic pain agents. For tinnitus, assess for medications that adversely affect the inner ear and reduce them if possible. Test thyroid function. Consider an MRI scan of the brain to make sure that the concussion didn’t unmask another problem such as a tumor or vascular malformation. A complaint of hearing loss can reflect true hearing loss due to middle or inner ear damage, attention deficit, or a language problem such as aphasia. Test for these conditions.

Impaired Perception of Sensory Consonance and Dissonance in Cochlear Implant Users

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 229-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meredith T. Caldwell ◽  
Patpong Jiradejvong ◽  
Charles J. Limb
Keyword(s):  
Cochlear Implant ◽  
Sensory Consonance ◽  
Consonance And Dissonance

Ototoxicity of cis-platinum and its relationship to eye colour

1991 ◽  
Vol 105 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Barr-Hamilton ◽  
L. M. Matheson ◽  
D. G. Keay
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Inner Ear ◽  
Auditory Nerve ◽  
Melanin Content ◽  
Eye Colour ◽  
Cochlear Damage ◽  
Ototoxic Drug

AbstractThe following hypothesis is presented: that the susceptibility of an individual patient to hearing loss as a result of cis-platinum administration can be predicted on the basis of eye colour. The rationale is that the melanin content of the inner ears is related to that of the eyes; dark eyes contain more melanin than lightcoloured eyes; and melanin causes the accumulation of the ototoxic drug within the inner ear. Hence those with dark eyes will suffer greater damage to the hearing than those with pale eyes. An investigation that confirmed this hypothesis is reported. In addition to cochlear damage there is a significant likelihood of damage to the auditory nerve as a result of the treatment.

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