Blood Alcohol Test and Clinical Examination of Automobile Drivers in Oslo

Clinical detection of alcohol involvement (AI) and its recording (ethyl sign) in accident patients was evaluated by comparing the ethyl signs with blood alcohol concentrations (BAC) in 1012 injury victims. Of the 337 BAC-positive cases 50% had a positive ethyl sign, while an additional 13% had some reference to alcohol in their patient notes. Thus, the overall recording rate was 63%. Computer analysis of the statistics from the same emergency station revealed positive ethyl signs in 13.5% of all the 44 372 patients in 1973. The drunken victims of falls (44%) and fights & assaults (26%) formed the main bulk (70%) of all drunken injury patients. Ethyl sign was found to be a specific, though not a sensitive, indicator of AI and a useful device for studying the strain alcohol places upon the emergency services, statistically.

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Alcohol's Role on the Reliability of Clinical Examination to Rule Out Pelvic Fractures

The American Surgeon ◽

10.1177/000313480907500314 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 75 (3) ◽

pp. 257-259 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Therèse M. Duane ◽

Tracey Dechert ◽

Luke G. Wolfe ◽

Holly Brown ◽

Michel B. Aboutanos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blunt Trauma ◽

Clinical Examination ◽

Pelvic Fractures ◽

Blood Alcohol ◽

X Rays ◽

Clinical Factors ◽

Lower Systolic Blood Pressure ◽

Subset Analysis ◽

Prospective Comparison ◽

Rule Out

The objective of this study was to determine if clinical examination accurately ruled out pelvic fractures in intoxicated patients sustaining blunt trauma A prospective comparison of intoxicated (blood alcohol level [BAL] greater than 0.08 g/dL) to nonintoxicated (BAL less than 0.08 g/dL) patients sustaining blunt trauma was performed between February 2004 and March 2007. Clinical factors were compared and subset analysis performed in which patients with factors known to compromise the clinical examination were excluded. Two hundred ninety-six intoxicated patients were compared with 1071 nonintoxicated patients. Intoxicated patients were younger and more often male. Intoxicated patients had a higher heart rate (97.1 beats/min ± 17.9 vs 91.4 beats/min ± 18.7, P < 0.0001) and lower systolic blood pressure (136.2 mmHg ± 21.2 vs 141.9 mmHg ± 26.6, P = 0.0005) than nonintoxicated patients. Intoxicated patients had a lower incidence of pelvic fracture (6.1 vs 10.6%). In subset analysis, the majority of the intoxicated patients did not have exclusion factors on examination and could be evaluated (66.6%). There were eight pelvic fractures diagnosed in this group and no missed injuries on clinical examination (sensitivity 100%). Clinical examination was not compromised by intoxication. Routine pelvic x-rays are not needed in the alert, intoxicated patient sustaining blunt trauma.

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Tumor Diagnosis

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100053966 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 40 ◽

pp. 262-265

Author(s):

Bruce Mackay

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽

Differential Diagnosis ◽

Light Microscopy ◽

Clinical Examination ◽

Ultrastructural Study ◽

Diagnostic Procedures ◽

Specific Diagnosis ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Microscopic Diagnosis

The broadest application of transmission electron microscopy (EM) in diagnostic medicine is the identification of tumors that cannot be classified by routine light microscopy. EM is useful in the evaluation of approximately 10% of human neoplasms, but the extent of its contribution varies considerably. It may provide a specific diagnosis that can not be reached by other means, but in contrast, the information obtained from ultrastructural study of some 10% of tumors does not significantly add to that available from light microscopy. Most cases fall somewhere between these two extremes: EM may correct a light microscopic diagnosis, or serve to narrow a differential diagnosis by excluding some of the possibilities considered by light microscopy. It is particularly important to correlate the EM findings with data from light microscopy, clinical examination, and other diagnostic procedures.

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Pediatric Feeding and Swallowing: Clinical Examination and Evaluation

Perspectives on Swallowing and Swallowing Disorders (Dysphagia) ◽

10.1044/sasd13.4.21 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 21-27 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Robert Beecher ◽

Rona Alexander

Keyword(s):

Clinical Examination ◽

Pediatric Feeding

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Comparison of colour Doppler ultrasonography, ascending phlebography and clinical examination in the diagnosis of incompetent calf perforating veins

British Journal of Surgery ◽

10.1046/j.0007-1323.2001.02003.x ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 89 (2) ◽

pp. 192-193

Author(s):

G Antoch ◽

S Pourhassan ◽

O Hansen ◽

W Stock

Keyword(s):

Clinical Examination ◽

Doppler Ultrasonography ◽

Colour Doppler ◽

Perforating Veins ◽

Colour Doppler Ultrasonography

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Standard setting in an objective structured clinical examination: use of global ratings of borderline performance to determine the passing score

Medical Education ◽

10.1046/j.1365-2923.2001.01041.x ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 35 (11) ◽

pp. 1043-1049 ◽

Cited By ~ 58

Author(s):

Tim J Wilkinson ◽

David I Newble ◽

Christopher M Frampton

Keyword(s):

Clinical Examination ◽

Standard Setting ◽

Objective Structured Clinical Examination ◽

Global Ratings ◽

Passing Score

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Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) als kompetenzorientiertes Prüfungsinstrument in der pflegerischen Erstausbildung

Pflege ◽

10.1024/1012-5302/a000496 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 29 (4) ◽

pp. 193-203 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Angelika Beyer ◽

Adina Dreier ◽

Stefanie Kirschner ◽

Wolfgang Hoffmann

Keyword(s):

Clinical Examination ◽

Objective Structured Clinical Examination

Zusammenfassung. Hintergrund: Aufgrund der demografischen und epidemiologischen Entwicklung wird die Vermittlung adäquater pflegerischer Kompetenzen in der pflegerischen Ausbildung zunehmend diskutiert. Kompetenzen sind in den Examina angemessen zu überprüfen. Hierfür haben sich international OSCEs bewährt. Ziel: Ziel der vorliegenden Analyse war die Ermittlung von Kompetenzen, die in pflegerischen Erstausbildungen mit OSCEs überprüft werden. Methodik: In internationalen Datenbanken wurden einschlägige Publikationen recherchiert. Analyse-Einschlusskriterium war die Nennung mindestens einer überprüften Kompetenz. Die Kompetenzen wurden – in Anlehnung an den «Fachqualifikationsrahmen Pflege für die hochschulische Bildung» – nach Wissen, Fertigkeiten und Haltung kategorisiert. Ergebnisse: 36 Artikel erfüllten das Einschlusskriterium. Relevante Studien stammen mehrheitlich aus Großbritannien (UK), Kanada und Australien. Es wurden insgesamt n = 166 Kompetenzen in allen Kategorien identifiziert, die anhand verschiedener Methoden gemessen wurden. Am häufigsten wurden Fertigkeiten überprüft. Dabei wurde der sichere Umgang mit Medikamenten am häufigsten thematisiert. Weitere wichtige Themen waren die Kommunikationskompetenz in Bezug auf PatientInnen und die Fähigkeit zur Selbsteinschätzung. Diskussion: Es werden sehr unterschiedliche Kompetenzen mit differenten Formaten per OSCE gemessen. OSCE ermöglichen eine Überprüfung sowohl auf individueller als auch institutioneller Ebene, also sowohl für die Lehre als auch das Gelernte. Weiterer Forschungsbedarf wird festgestellt.

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