Abstract
Background Pancreatic cystadenoma coexistent with neuroendocrine tumor is a rare disease which is reported sporadically. Case Presentation We herein present one such interesting case in a 67-year old man. There was only one mass detected preoperatively by different examinations. Endoscopic ultrasound-guided biopsy indicated a pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor. Therefore, a distal pancreatectomy was performed and the final histopathology revealed two separate masses in the pancreas, one was serious cystadenoma and the other neuroendocrine tumor. Conclusions SCA coexistent with PNET is rarely found during clinical practice. The component of PNET may not be confirmed until the operation. Based on the recorded cases, the malignant potential, clinical characteristics, treatment, and prognosis are remaining further researches.