Vulnerability of Char Dwellers to Flood Hazards – A Case Study in Two Chars in Murshidabad District, West Bengal

Floods are natural risk with a very high frequency, which causes to environmental, social, economic and human losses. The floods in the town happen mainly due to human made activities about the blockage of natural drainage, haphazard construction of roads, building, and high rainfall intensity. Detailed maps showing flood vulnerability areas are helpful in management of flood hazards. Therefore, present research focused on identifying flood vulnerability zones in the Pune City using multi-criteria decision-making approach in Geographical Information System (GIS) and inputs from remotely sensed imageries. Other input data considered for preparing base maps are census details, City maps, and fieldworks. The Pune City classified in to four flood vulnerability classes essential for flood risk management. About 5 per cent area shows high vulnerability for floods in localities namely Wakdewadi, some part of the Shivajinagar, Sangamwadi, Aundh, and Baner with high risk.

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Gender Bias in Education Expenditure among Religious and Social Groups: A Case Study for Below Class 10 Level in West Bengal

Arthaniti-Journal of Economic Theory and Practice ◽

10.1177/09767479211046400 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 097674792110464

Author(s):

Chayanika Mitra

Keyword(s):

Gender Bias ◽

West Bengal ◽

Social Groups ◽

National Sample ◽

Sample Survey ◽

Education Expenditure ◽

Individual Level ◽

Expenditure Data ◽

The Social

This article attempts to capture gender bias in education expenditure among the religious (Hindu, Muslim and others) and the social groups (SC, ST and General) in West Bengal. Oaxaca–Blinder decomposition technique is used to obtain gender bias for a specific demographic group. Further, an attempt has been made to identify the religious or social groups with the acute problem of gender bias. In this work, 71st round (January–June 2014) education expenditure data (individual level) provided by NSSO (National Sample Survey Office) is used. JEL: I24, R1, C55

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Taking the heterogeneity of citizens into account: flood risk communication in coastal cities – a case study of Bremen

Natural Hazards and Earth System Science ◽

10.5194/nhess-9-1931-2009 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 9 (6) ◽

pp. 1931-1940 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

T. Martens ◽

H. Garrelts ◽

H. Grunenberg ◽

H. Lange

Keyword(s):

Risk Communication ◽

Flood Risk ◽

Media Analysis ◽

Specific Information ◽

Flood Hazards ◽

Meso Level ◽

Flood Risks ◽

Protective Actions ◽

Distribution Of Resources

Abstract. The likely manifestations of climate change like flood hazards are prominent topics in public communication. This can be shown by media analysis and questionnaire data. However, in the case of flood risks an information gap remains resulting in misinformed citizens who probably will not perform the necessary protective actions when an emergency occurs. This paper examines more closely a newly developed approach to flood risk communication that takes the heterogeneity of citizens into account and aims to close this gap. The heterogeneity is analysed on the meso level regarding differences in residential situation as well as on the micro level with respect to risk perception and protective actions. Using the city of Bremen as a case study, empirical data from n=831 respondents were used to identify Action Types representing different states of readiness for protective actions in view of flood risks. These subpopulations can be provided with specific information to meet their heterogeneous needs for risk communication. A prototype of a computer-based information system is described that can produce and pass on such tailored information. However, such an approach to risk communication has to be complemented by meso level analysis which takes the social diversity of subpopulations into account. Social vulnerability is the crucial concept for understanding the distribution of resources and capacities among different social groups. We therefore recommend putting forums and organisations into place that can mediate between the state and its citizens.

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