Biological Effect Monitoring in Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes from Subjects Occupationally Exposed to Antineoplastic Drugs: Assessment of Micronuclei Frequency

2012 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 405-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milena Villarini ◽  
Luca Dominici ◽  
Cristina Fatigoni ◽  
Giacomo Muzi ◽  
Silvano Monarca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Biological Effect ◽  
Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes ◽  
Antineoplastic Drugs ◽  
Blood Lymphocytes ◽  
Effect Monitoring ◽  
Occupationally Exposed ◽  
Biological Effect Monitoring

scholarly journals Chromosome Aberrations in Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes of Croatian Hospital Staff Occupationally Exposed to Low Levels of Ionising Radiation

2008 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 251-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vilena Kašuba ◽  
Ružica Rozgaj ◽  
Anamarija Jazbec
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Chromosome Aberrations ◽  
Direct Detection ◽  
Hospital Staff ◽  
Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes ◽  
Ionising Radiation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Lymphocytes ◽  
Occupationally Exposed ◽  
Low Levels

Chromosome Aberrations in Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes of Croatian Hospital Staff Occupationally Exposed to Low Levels of Ionising RadiationMedical staff is an occupational group exposed to different agents suspected to induce genetic damage. Among them ionising radiation is the most studied. Cytogenetic analysis of human chromosomes in peripheral lymphocytes allows direct detection of mutation in somatic cells. This study investigated the cytogenetic effects of low-level ionising x-radiation in 48-hour peripheral blood lymphocyte cultures sampled from 765 hospital staff occupationally exposed to several agents known or suspected to induce chromosome damage and compared them with 200 control subjects. The exposed subjects were divided in eight (8) groups according to their specialities and job titles. The exposed groups manifested an increase in all types of chromosome aberrations. Acentric fragments were the most frequent chromosome-type aberration. Dicentric chromosomes were statistically significant only in urologists/gynaecologists. Age and smoking significantly influenced the incidence of dicentrics in the exposed groups. The frequency of ring chromosomes was low in all exposed groups (range: 0-2), and none were found in the control group. These findings indicate the importance of periodic medical checkups of hospital staff occupationally exposed to low doses of ionising radiation. The purpose is to create an individual cytogenetic register, where changes could evidence individual risks.

scholarly journals Chromosomal damage in peripheral blood lymphocytes from nurses occupationally exposed to chemicals

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (9) ◽  
pp. 897-903 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Santovito ◽  
P Cervella ◽  
M Delpero
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Chromosomal Damage ◽  
Blood Lymphocytes ◽  
Genome Damage ◽  
Occupationally Exposed ◽  
Index Value ◽  
And Control

In the present study, we evaluated the induced genome damage in peripheral blood lymphocytes from a sample of nurses occupationally exposed to low doses of different chemicals. A comprehensive multi-biomarker approach using cytogenetic endpoints was employed for analyzing chromosomal aberrations (CAs) and sister chromatid exchange (SCE) assay. The study included 20 nurses and 20 control subjects matched in age, gender and smoking habits. Nurses were exposed to different chemicals, such as cytostatic drugs, anaesthetics, formaldehyde and other sterilizing gases. Significant differences were found between exposure group and control group in terms of SCEs frequency ( p < 0.001) but not in terms of replication index value ( p = 0.845) and CAs ( p = 0.236). Regression analyses indicated that the age and the exposure years did not influence the amount of the chromosomal damage among nurses. Vice versa, among controls, a positive correlation was found between the number of SCEs and age. In conclusion, our results suggest that a continuous long-term exposure to low doses of chemicals could result in increased levels of SCEs among nurses. This data emphasize the importance of biomonitoring nurses and other hospital workers handling drugs.

Cytogenetic analysis of peripheral blood lymphocytes of hospital staff occupationally exposed to low doses of ionizing radiation

2010 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 273-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayşe Eken ◽  
Ahmet Aydın ◽  
Onur Erdem ◽  
Cemal Akay ◽  
Hatice Tuba Sanal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Chromosome Instability ◽  
Hospital Staff ◽  
Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Lymphocytes ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cbmn Assay ◽  
Occupationally Exposed

Ionizing radiation is known to induce mutations and cell transformations, predominantly by causing single-strand and double-strand DNA breakage, thereby leading to chromosome instability and carcinogenesis. The aim of this study was to evaluate genotoxic effects in hospital staff exposed to low-dose ionizing radiation in comparison with a selected control group, by using the cytokinesis-blocked micronucleus (CBMN) and sister chromatid exchange (SCE) tests in peripheral blood lymphocytes. The study included 40 exposed radiology staff and 30 control subjects. The frequency of micronuclei (MN) was significantly increased in radiation-exposed groups compared with control persons (p < 0.05). The frequency of SCE did not show any significant difference in the exposed individuals in comparison to the controls. Our results showed that low-level chronic occupational exposure to ionizing radiation causes an increase of MN frequency in chromosomes, even though the absorbed doses were below the permissible limits. Our studies indicate that the CBMN assay is considered to be sensitive test in contrast to SCE analysis to evaluate chromosomal damage induced by ionizing radiation.

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