PEDIATRIC GYNECOLOGY AND ENDOCRINOLOGY

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1956 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 318-322
Author(s):  
Robert B. Greenblatt ◽  
James W. Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Bodies ◽  
Bowel Movement ◽  
Vaginal Wall ◽  
Foreign Object ◽  
Small Children ◽  
Pathologic Process ◽  
Underlying Factor ◽  
Rapid Pace ◽  
Vaginal Canal ◽  
Local Use

MANY mothers bring their young daughters to the pediatrician because they have noticed a discharge on the child's underclothing. Most of such discharges are nothing more than desquamation of the epithelial cells at perhaps a more rapid pace than usual. Such a discharge, commonly referred to as "whites," occurs normally in the adult female. No pathologic process is involved in either the child or the woman and no treatment is indicated. On the other hand, a discharge which is irritating, malodorous, and provokes an inflammatory response, has a pathologic background. By far the greater number of such cases fall into one of the following categories: (a) Nonspecific vaginitis which may be due to the presence of organisms which find their way into the vaginal canal either through insertion of the child's finger or some foreign object, or may appear for no apparent predisposing reasons. Among the organisms found are pneumococcus, streptococcus, staphylococcus, diphtheroids, colon bacillus, etc. The treatment consists primarily of removing or correcting the underlying factor and cleansing measures. Frequently, attention to the technique of cleansing the rectal area following a bowel movement, daily bathing and a pitcher douche with saline twice a day will clear up the discharge. Sulfonamides by mouth, locally, or both may be effective in some cases. In other cases, the local use of a specific antibiotic such as Terramycin® or Aureomycin® has been effective (a 50 mg. capsule may be inserted into the vaginal canal daily for 5 to 7 days). (b) Another group of cases is due to the presence of foreign bodies in the vaginal canal. Any number and type of foreign bodies have been found in the vaginal canals of small children, such as safety pins, pencils, sticks, etc. The presence of a foreign body sets up an irritant reaction and causes a discharge, in most instances with a bloody component. The diagnosis may be made by inspection or by gentle rectal examination, pressing the vaginal wall through the rectum.

scholarly journals Laparoscopic Davydov Procedure for Creation of Neovagina in MRKH Syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 809-813
Author(s):  
Ratih Krisna ◽  
Rizky Agustria
Keyword(s):  
Intraoperative Complications ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Operating Time ◽  
Vaginal Wall ◽  
Primary Amenorrhea ◽  
Mrkh Syndrome ◽  
Gynecological Disorders ◽  
Interrupted Suture ◽  
Sexual Characteristics ◽  
Vaginal Canal

Introduction: The Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome is a condition in which there is an absence of the uterus and the upper part (2/3) of the vagina. Women with MRKH syndrome show normal development of secondary sexual characteristics and a normal 46, XX karyotype. MRKH syndrome is a common cause of primary amenorrhea. Ultrasonography examination confirms kidneys, presence of the ovaries, and absence of uterus. Treatment should include a multidisciplinary approach to create a functional vagina. One of the procedures is laparoscopic Davydov vaginoplasty. Aim: To report MRKH syndrome case treated with laparoscopic Davydov vaginoplasty. Method: Ms. A, 21 years old, P0A0, came to FER clinic Moh. Hoesin Hospital Palembang with complaint, never had menstruation, the patient admitted her breast, and her pubic had growth. She wants to get married in the next six months. From the US result, there was non visualized uterus, genital band (+), and both ovaries within normal limit ~ MRKH Syndrome. Karyotype Examination: 46, XX. Patient was diagnosed with primary amenorrhea caused by MRKH syndrome and was planned for neovagina (Davydov Procedure). Result: A woman 21-year-old, P0A0, was diagnosed with primary amenorrhea caused by MRKH syndrome. The Davydov procedure was done to create a neovagina. Intraoperative, after protrusion of the wood mold as a marker shown, an incision is made to the left and right side so that the mold penetrates the abdominal cavity, then the mold is pulled into the vaginal canal slowly. The anterior and posterior peritoneal layers are drawn into the vaginal canal. The anterior and posterior peritoneal layers were withdrawn with an ovum clamp and then interrupted suture. The anterior and posterior peritoneal layers were sutured in a circular method to form a vaginal cuff. The vaginal wall is sutured (interrupted) to hold mold fixed. Conclusion: MRKH syndrome is a disorder that occurs in females and mainly affects the reproductive system. This condition causes the vagina and the uterus to be underdeveloped or even absent at birth. Patients with diagnosed MRKH syndrome require interdisciplinary care. Davydov procedure is a laparoscopically-assisted technique, which has an advantage over traditional approaches. It has shorter operating time, lower intraoperative complications, shorter hospital stay, and no external scars. Postoperatively, sexual function is similar to women without gynecological disorders.

Computational Modeling of Anterior and Posterior Pelvic Organ Prolapse (POP)

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnab Chanda ◽  
Vinu Unnikrishnan ◽  
Holly E. Richter ◽  
Mark E. Lockhart
Keyword(s):  
Pelvic Organ Prolapse ◽  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Pelvic Organ ◽  
Vaginal Wall ◽  
Vaginal Tissue ◽  
Bladder Filling ◽  
Vaginal Length ◽  
Vaginal Canal

Pelvic Organ Prolapse (POP) is a condition of the female pelvic system suffered by a significant proportion of women in the U.S. and more across the globe, every year. POP is caused by the weakening of the pelvic floor muscles and musculo-connective tissues due to child birth, menopause and morbid obesity. Prolapse of the pelvic organs namely the urinary bladder, uterus, and rectum into the vaginal canal can cause vaginal discomfort, strained urination or defecation, and sexual dysfunction. To date, success rates of native tissue POP surgeries vary from 50–70% depending on the definition of cure and time-point of assessment. A better understanding of the mechanics of prolapse may lead to improvement in surgical outcomes. In the current work, the mechanics of progression of anterior and posterior vaginal prolapse were modeled to understand the effect of bladder fill and posterior vaginal stresses using computational approaches. A realistic and full-scale female pelvic system model, comprised of the urinary bladder, vaginal canal, uterus, rectum, and fascial connective tissue, was developed using image segmentation methods. All of the relevant loads and boundary conditions were applied based on a comprehensive study of the anatomy and functional morphology of the female pelvis. Hyperelastic material models were adopted to characterize all pelvic tissues, and a non-linear analysis was invoked. In the first set of simulations, a realistic bladder filling and vaginal tissue stiffening in prolapse were modeled and their effects on the anterior vaginal wall (AVW) were estimated in terms of the induced stresses, strains and displacements. The degree of bladder filling was found to be a strong indicator of stress build-up on the AVW. Also, vaginal tissue stiffening was found to increase the size of the high stress zone on the AVW. The second simulation consisted of modeling the different degrees of posterior vaginal wall (PVW) prolapse, in the presence of an average abdominal pressure. The vaginal length was segmented into four sections to study the localized stresses and strains. Also, a clinically well-known phenomena known as the kneeling effect was observed with the PVW in which the vaginal wall displaces away from the rectum and downward towards the vaginal hiatus. All of these results have relevant clinical implications and may provide important perspective for better understanding the mechanics of POP pathophysiology.

Retained digital foreign body after a pellet gun injury

2000 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Vincent ◽  
DW Jenkins
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Body ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Foreign Bodies ◽  
Foreign Object ◽  
Unique Case

A symptomatic foreign body embedded in the human body can be a frustrating problem for physician and patient alike. A unique case of a retained foreign object resulting from a pellet gun injury has been presented. Although the course of treatment in this case was uncomplicated, it is important to understand the complexities of the human body's response to foreign bodies.

scholarly journals Laparoscopic Davydov Procedure for Creation of Neovagina in MRKH Syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 837-841
Author(s):  
Ratih Krisna ◽  
Rizky Agustria
Keyword(s):  
Intraoperative Complications ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Operating Time ◽  
Vaginal Wall ◽  
Primary Amenorrhea ◽  
Mrkh Syndrome ◽  
Gynecological Disorders ◽  
Interrupted Suture ◽  
Sexual Characteristics ◽  
Vaginal Canal

Introduction: The Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome is a condition in which there is an absence of the uterus and the upper part (2/3) of the vagina. Women with MRKH syndrome show normal development of secondary sexual characteristics and a normal 46, XX karyotype. MRKH syndrome is a common cause of primary amenorrhea. Ultrasonography examination confirms kidneys, presence of the ovaries, and absence of uterus. Treatment should include a multidisciplinary approach to create a functional vagina. One of the procedures is laparoscopic Davydov vaginoplasty. Aim: To report MRKH syndrome case treated with laparoscopic Davydov vaginoplasty. Method: Ms. A, 21 years old, P0A0, came to FER clinic Moh. Hoesin Hospital Palembang with complaint, never had menstruation, the patient admitted her breast, and her pubic had growth. She wants to get married in the next six months. From the US result, there was non visualized uterus, genital band (+), and both ovaries within normal limit ~ MRKH Syndrome. Karyotype Examination: 46, XX. Patient was diagnosed with primary amenorrhea caused by MRKH syndrome and was planned for neovagina (Davydov Procedure). Result: A woman 21-year-old, P0A0, was diagnosed with primary amenorrhea caused by MRKH syndrome. The Davydov procedure was done to create a neovagina. Intraoperative, after protrusion of the wood mold as a marker shown, an incision is made to the left and right side so that the mold penetrates the abdominal cavity, then the mold is pulled into the vaginal canal slowly. The anterior and posterior peritoneal layers are drawn into the vaginal canal. The anterior and posterior peritoneal layers were withdrawn with an ovum clamp and then interrupted suture. The anterior and posterior peritoneal layers were sutured in a circular method to form a vaginal cuff. The vaginal wall is sutured (interrupted) to hold mold fixed. Conclusion: MRKH syndrome is a disorder that occurs in females and mainly affects the reproductive system. This condition causes the vagina and the uterus to be underdeveloped or even absent at birth. Patients with diagnosed MRKH syndrome require interdisciplinary care. Davydov procedure is a laparoscopically-assisted technique, which has an advantage over traditional approaches. It has shorter operating time, lower intraoperative complications, shorter hospital stay, and no external scars. Postoperatively, sexual function is similar to women without gynecological disorders.

scholarly journals A Case of Whistle as Foreign Body in Trachea

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1281-1286
Author(s):  
Puspa Zuleika
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Body ◽  
Foreign Bodies ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Rigid Bronchoscopy ◽  
Foreign Body Aspiration ◽  
Foreign Object ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Foreign Body Extraction ◽  
Tracheobronchial Foreign Body ◽  
History Of

Background. Most of foreign body aspiration cases are found in children under the age of fifteen. Pediatric patients often presents with non-food foreign body aspiration, such as toys. The most common clinical manifestation are history of choking following foreign object insertion into the mouth (85%), paroxysmal cough (59%), wheezing (57%) and airway obstruction (5%). Case presentation. Main principle of airway foreign body extraction is to do it immediately in the most optimal condition with slightest possible trauma. Rigid bronchoscopy is a suitable choice for tracheal foreign body extraction. We reported a case of seven years old male with tracheal foreign body presented with history of whistle ingestion five hours prior to admission. This patient was discharged from hospital after third days of rigid bronchoscopy procedure. Conclusion. History of foreign body aspiration in children should be suspected as a tracheobronchial foreign body. Rigid bronchoscopy is preferred to extract foreign bodies present in the trachea. The prognosis for tracheobronchial foreign body aspiration is good if the foreign body is treated early and without complications.

Large Urethro-Vesico-Vaginal Fistula due to a Vaginal Foreign Body in a 22-Year-Old Woman: Case Report and Literature Review

2014 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 120-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina D'Elia ◽  
Pierpaolo Curti ◽  
Maria Angela Cerruto ◽  
Carmelo Monaco ◽  
Walter Artibani
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Body ◽  
Foreign Bodies ◽  
Vaginal Wall ◽  
Industrialized Countries ◽  
Vaginal Fistula ◽  
Ureteral Stents ◽  
Gynaecological Surgery ◽  
Mri Scan ◽  
And Training ◽  
Vesico Vaginal Fistula

In the non-industrialized countries of Africa and Asia obstetric fistulas are more frequently caused by prolonged labour, whereas in countries with developed healthcare systems they are generally the result of complications of gynaecological surgery or, rarely, benign pathologies like inflammation or foreign bodies. A 22-year-old woman was brought to the gynaecology clinic because of foul-smelling vaginal discharge. On pelvic examination a ring-like foreign body was impacted between the anterior and posterior vaginal wall. MRI scan confirmed the presence of a cylindrical foreign body in the vagina and the patient revealed that she had ‘involuntarily' inserted a plastic bubble bath cap into the vagina. At surgery removal of the cap was difficult and at the end of the manoeuver evidence of a huge urethro-vesico-vaginal fistula occurred. The patient was discharged with bilateral ureteral stents and suprapubic catheter. After 3 months we performed an end-to-end anastomotic urethroplasty to repair the urethral avulsion and restored the bladder/trigonal and vaginal/cervical defects with 3 layers of sutures; 3 months later the patient had no complaints. Complex genital fistulas represent an extremely debilitating morbidity. In our case, a vaginal approach was successful, but the choice between an abdominal or vaginal approach depends on the surgeon's experience and training.

Foreign bodies in the foot

1993 ◽  
Vol 83 (5) ◽  
pp. 284-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
RA Stein ◽  
S Clarke
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Foreign Bodies ◽  
Ferrous Metal ◽  
Difficult Problem ◽  
The Other ◽  
Imaging Modalities ◽  
Foreign Object ◽  
Foreign Objects ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Scanning

A symptomatic foreign object lodged in the foot can be a difficult problem. The object's location and shape are the most important factors to identify before removal of the object is attempted. Many different imaging modalities have been used to locate the foreign objects in the foot. The authors briefly reviewed several common imaging modalities. Computed tomography appears to be superior to the other imaging modalities discussed in visualizing and localizing foreign objects in the foot. Magnetic resonance scanning is probably equal to computed tomography but is less readily available and more expensive and is contraindicated with ferrous metal foreign bodies.

Impact of Foreign Bodies Poisoning In Daily Life and Role of Community Pharmacist in Prohibition of Poisoning

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-31
Author(s):  
Durriya Hashmat ◽  
Erum Naz ◽  
Fatima Ahmed ◽  
Fatima Muzammil ◽  
Syeda Saghira Begum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Bodies ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Living Organism ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Foreign Object ◽  
Cleaning Agents ◽  
Poisoning In Children ◽  
Micro Organisms

Background: A foreign object is a substance or an entity that is found in human body but has no relation with body; it enters into the body through many routes. Poisoning is a condition that occurs through common substance when exposed to a person or living organism it damages their health and life and endanger for community. The majority of poisoning cases, especially in children, are associated with cleaning agents and pesticides. Cleaning agents are the substances (liquid, powder, granules) which are used for cleaning purpose and their main purpose is to kill germs and provide sterility. The ordinary cleaning agents include bleaches, detergents, solvents, kerosene and pesticides. Pesticides are the substances used for destroying, attracting the insects or micro-organisms which are harmful for humans and cultivated plants and crops. Objective: The objective of this study is to reduce the poisoning by foreign bodies (cleaning substances, pesticides) by guiding people that exposure to these objects can harm them. Methodology: A survey based questionnaire was circulated for about one month to check the awareness of people regarding the knowledge of handling the foreign bodies that include cleaning substances and pesticides for data collection, the students, children and household women were asked to fill the questionnaire according to their knowledge. Percentages were calculated to compile the results. Result: It was observed that there was lack of knowledge in children and in some cases household women were also a part of it. The major reason of poisoning in children is the careless behavior of household women while not keeping such things away from them.

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