DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT: RECURRENT ABDOMINAL PAIN IN CHILDREN—A SURGEON'S VIEWPOINT
MUCH has been written in recent years about the importance of psychogenic disturbances as causes of abdominal pain in childhood. Yet, by no means all recurrent abdominal pain is so caused. A recent article in Pediatrics on nonorganic abdominal pain therefore promised this subsequent paper on pain of organic origin. I would like to caution the reader that his "surgeon's viewpoint" tends to exclude consideration of organic abdominal pain not surgically treated. Perhaps a third paper is indicated. Abdominal pain of whatever origin requires a planned approach to diagnosis. While it is only too easy for the clinician to submit a patient to innumerable investigations of varying degrees of unlikelihood of revealing disorders of differing degrees of rarity, a detailed history and searching interview with the parents, together with a complete physical examination, will go very far to reduce the number of cases submitted to any but quite simple tests. The diagnosis of psychogenic pain, no less than that of organic pain, must rest on positive findings. To make a diagnosis of psychogenic pain, there must be something more than the absence of demonstrable organic disease. There must be significant psychopathology. If there is evidence of neither this nor organic disease, one must resolve to be irresolute and decide to be undecided. One must not make a diagnosis of psychic disease simply because one can find no organic cause. One must also remember that psychic disturbance does not confer immunity from organic disease. A neurotic, psychotic, or brain-damaged child can have appendicitis.