Thymic Abnormalities in Fetuses Aborted From Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Seropositive Women

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 297-301
Author(s):  
Martine Papiernik ◽  
Yves Brossard ◽  
Nicole Mulliez ◽  
Joelle Roume ◽  
Christian Brechot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Initial Injury ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Rare Cells ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome

Pathological abnormalities of the thymus were found in 3 of 37 fetuses aborted from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected mothers. These lesions were located predominantly in the thymic cortex, which contains mostly immature lymphocytes. Areas of focal lymphocyte depletion were infiltrated with CD4+ macrophages and were associated with abnormalities of the epithelial stromal network. No evidence of extensive HIV infection in any of the 37 thymuses was detected by either immunofluorescence or in situ hybridization techniques, although rare cells that expressed HIV antigens were found in 3 fetuses. Although less extensive, this thymic fetopathy was similar to that described in postnatal acquired immunodeficiency syndrome thymuses, strongly suggesting that the lesions were related to HIV infection. Thymic fetopathy might represent the initial injury to the lymphoid system in HIV-infected infants in whom early and severe immunosuppression develops.

Extensive Enteric Leiomyolysis Due to Cytomegalovirus Enterocolitis in Vertically Acquired Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection in Infants

2000 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 591-596 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virpi V. Smith ◽  
Amanda J. Williams ◽  
Vas Novelli ◽  
Marian Malone
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Vascular Endothelium ◽  
Muscularis Propria ◽  
The Other ◽  
Muscularis Mucosae ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Viral Inclusions

We report two infants with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and rectal bleeding due to cytomegalovirus (CMV) ileitis and colitis with minimal focal mucosal ulceration but with extensive leiomyolysis of the muscularis propria. Immunostaining and in situ hybridization for CMV showed numerous viral inclusions in the myocytes of the muscularis propria and vascular endothelium/smooth muscle with only occasional inclusions present in the muscularis mucosae. Colectomy was curative in one patient; in the other the bowel was only examined at postmortem.

Decreased Thymus Size on Chest Radiography: A Sign of Pediatric Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection?

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-102
Author(s):  
ALAN MEYERS ◽  
NICHOLAS PEPE ◽  
WILLIAM CRANLEY ◽  
KATHLEEN MCCARTEN
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Chest Radiography ◽  
Pediatric Hiv ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
History Of ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Generalized Lymphadenopathy ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Thymus Size

The early diagnosis of infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in infancy is clinically important but remains problematic in the asymptomatic child born to an HIV-infected mother. In addition, many such women are unaware of their HIV infection until their child manifests symptomatic HIV disease. Nonspecific signs of pediatric HIV infection, such as generalized lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, or persistent thrush, may be important in alerting the clinician to consider the possibility of HIV infection in the child whose history of HIV risk is unknown. We report one such sign which may be evident on plain chest radiography. The pathology of the thymus gland in pediatric acquired immunodeficiency syndrome has been described by Joshi and colleagues,1-3 who have reported precocious involution with marked reduction in thymus size and weight.

scholarly journals Reassessment of the Roles of Integrase and the Central DNA Flap in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Nuclear Import

2002 ◽  
Vol 76 (23) ◽  
pp. 12087-12096 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey D. Dvorin ◽  
Peter Bell ◽  
Gerd G. Maul ◽  
Masahiro Yamashita ◽  
Michael Emerman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Nuclear Import ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Central Polypurine Tract ◽  
Hiv 1

ABSTRACT Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) can infect nondividing cells productively because the nuclear import of viral nucleic acids occurs in the absence of cell division. A number of viral factors that are present in HIV-1 preintegration complexes (PICs) have been assigned functions in nuclear import, including an essential valine at position 165 in integrase (IN-V165) and the central polypurine tract (cPPT). In this article, we report a comparison of the replication and infection characteristics of viruses with disruptions in the cPPT and IN-V165. We found that viruses with cPPT mutations still replicated productively in both dividing and nondividing cells, while viruses with a mutation at IN-V165 did not. Direct observation of the subcellular localization of HIV-1 cDNAs by fluorescence in situ hybridization revealed that cDNAs synthesized by both mutant viruses were readily detected in the nucleus. Thus, neither the cPPT nor the valine residue at position 165 of integrase is essential for the nuclear import of HIV-1 PICs.

scholarly journals Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-associated T-cell lymphoma: evidence for human immunodeficiency virus type 1-associated T-cell transformation

Blood ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 79 (7) ◽  
pp. 1768-1774 ◽  
Author(s):  
BG Herndier ◽  
BT Shiramizu ◽  
NE Jewett ◽  
KD Aldape ◽  
GR Reyes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
T Cell ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Hiv 1

Abstract The majority of lymphomas in the setting of acquired, iatrogenic, or congenital immunodeficiencies are B-cell lymphoproliferations. We describe a rare T-cell lymphoma in a fulminantly ill patient infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). The T-cell nature of the process was defined genotypically (monoclonal T-cell receptor beta- chain [CT beta] rearrangement) and phenotypically (CD45RO+, CD4+, CD5+, CD25+, CD8-, CD3- and negative for a variety of B-cell and monocyte markers). The CD4+, CD25+ (interleukin-2 receptor [IL-2R]) phenotype with production of IL-2 and IL-2R RNA is analogous to human T- lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I)-associated adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL); however, no HTLV-1 could be detected. Southern blot analysis did demonstrate monoclonally integrated HIV-1 within the tumor genome. Furthermore, the tumor cells were producing HIV p24 antigen as shown by immunohistochemistry. This is the first case of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-associated non- Hodgkin's lymphoma in which HIV-1 infection may have played a central role in the lymphocyte transformation process.

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