scholarly journals Study of correlations between yield inheritance and resistance of corn self-pollinating lines and hybrids to pathogens

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 220-225
Author(s):  
O. M. Kolisnyk ◽  
V. P. Onopriienko ◽  
I. M. Onopriienko ◽  
N. M. Kandyba ◽  
L. M. Khomenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uniform Distribution ◽  
High Resistance ◽  
European Corn Borer ◽  
The Self ◽  
Average Yield ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Corn Borer ◽  
Resistance To Diseases

The results of the gradation grouping of corn hybrids showed that among the self-pollinating lines of the working collection 28.0% had a high crop, 50.0% had an average yield and 22.0% had a low yield. At the same time 10.5% of simple hybrids belonged to the group with high crop, 54.6% – to that with an average one and 34.9% – to low yielders. The fact that these 10.5% of hybrid combinations with the yields higher than 5.5 t ha-1 contain hybrid combinations with complex resistance to diseases and pests, which were created on the basis of our self-pollinating donor lines resistant to entomo– and phytopathogens, confirms the principles we formulated as to selecting parental pairs. The most uniform distribution was recorded as to damaging by the European corn borer, a high resistance to which is characteristic of 42.0% of self-pollinating lines and 29.1% of simple hybrids.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Efficacy of Selected Conventional and Experimental Insecticides and Bt Hybrids for Control of Corn Earworm and European Corn Borer on Sweet Corn, 1997

1998 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-100
Author(s):  
J. T. Shaw ◽  
R. Weinzierl ◽  
J. W. Finger
Keyword(s):  
European Corn Borer ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Corn Earworm ◽  
Compressed Air ◽  
Hollow Cone ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Corn Borer ◽  
Chemical Treatments ◽  
Untreated Check ◽  
High Clearance

Abstract The tests were arranged in a RCB design with four replications. Each plot consisted of four rows, each being 30 inches wide and 50 ft long. Thirty-foot-wide alleys were established between the four replications. Insecticides were applied to the middle two rows of each plot, leaving two untreated rows between adjoining plots. Twelve insecticide treatments were compared with two Br-sweet corn hybrids (Heritage Bt and Bonus Bt) and their non-Bt isolines to two untreated controls. The 12 chemical treatments and the two untreated checks were planted with the Silver King variety sweet corn. Two untreated check plots were included in each replication and were averaged for the ANOVA. Treatments were applied very four to five days beginning on 8 Aug at 8% silk. All insecticide treatments were applied with a modified John Deere 6000 high-clearance vehicle (HCV) with a rear-mounted boom. Six Conejet (TX VS-8) hollow-cone nozzles (three per row) were calibrated to deliver 30.1 gpa at 40 psi and a speed of 2.5 mph, utilizing a compressed air system. Four nozzles (two per row) were attached to drops and directed the spray towards the ear zone area, a third nozzle (one per row) was mounted directly over the row with the spray being directed into the whorl (tassel) area.

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Br-Corn Hybrids for Control of European Corn Borer, 1996

1997 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 426-427
Author(s):  
J.T. Shaw ◽  
K.L. Steffey ◽  
M.E. Gray ◽  
J.W. Finger
Keyword(s):  
European Corn Borer ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Leaf Axil ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Corn Borer ◽  
Damage Data ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Corn Plants ◽  
Neonate Larvae

Abstract Corn was planted at the University of Illinois Cruse Farm, Champaign, Illinois, on 24 May. The experimental design was a split plot with natural or manual infestation of ECB as the main plots and 5 different B/-corn hybrids and their non-Br isolines as the subplots. Each plot was 4 rows (30-inch) wide X 40 ft long with 35 plants per row (after thinning). Treatments were replicated 5 times. Manual ECB infestations to simulate the first-generation were made on 3 and 6 July at the V7 corn leaf stage by releasing approximately 50 neonate larvae in corn grit into the whorls of corn plants using a ‘bazooka’ applicator. Manual ECB infestations to simulate the second-generation were made at corn anthesis on 7 Aug by applying approximately 25 neonate larvae in corn grit to the leaf exiles above and below the ear node. On 8 Aug, 25 neonate larvae were applied to the ear node and the second leaf axil above the ear node. All manual infestations were made to all plants (70 total) in the middle 2 rows of each plot. On 31 Jul, 20 consecutive plants were rated for leaf feeding by first generation larvae by using the 1 to 10 Guthrie scale. On 9 and lOOct, 15 consecutive plants from 1 of the middle 2 rows were split with a corn knife for evaluation. The number of plants with cavities and the total length of cavities per plant were recorded. Also, the number of live larvae per plant was recorded. The mean percentage of plants with cavities, the mean length of stalk tunneling (in inches) per plant and the mean number of live larvae were determined for each plot. ECB damage to the ear and shank were analyzed separately from the stalk damage data. An ear rating scale of 1 to 3 was used, with 1 being tip damage only, 2 being side damage only, and 3 being tip + side damage on the same ear. Shelled grain weights (yields) were taken from the 15 dissected plants, corrected to 15.5% moisture, and added to the machine harvested weights (moisture corrected) for the remaining plants of the middle 2 rows in each plot.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Transgenic Corn Against European Corn Borer, 1997D

1998 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 378-378
Author(s):  
K. R. Ostlie ◽  
J. Luedeman ◽  
P. Price ◽  
M. Jharco ◽  
George Nelson
Keyword(s):  
European Corn Borer ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Transgenic Corn ◽  
Tunnel Length ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Corn Borer ◽  
Leaf Injury ◽  
Normal Production ◽  
Production Practices

Abstract This experiment was conducted to assess the per formance of Bacillus thuringiensis transgenic corn hybrids (<95-day RM) and comparable non-Bt hybrids against a natural ECB infestation in west centra Minnesota. This area contains a mixture of univoltine and multivoltine biotypes. Treatments included 3 non-Bt hybrids (Ciba 4144, NK 2555, NK 3030) anc their isogenic counterparts (Max 357, NK 2555Bt, NK 3030Bt) arranged in a RCB design with 6 replications. Plots, each measuring 50 ft by 8 rows (30-inch row spacing), were planted on 19 May at a rate of 30,000 seeds per acre using a Hiniker Econo Till Planter. Planting preparations, fertilizer and herbicide ap plications followed normal production practices. First generation evaluations on 5 Aug included % of plants with leaf injury, leaf injury ratings (1 to 9 scale) number of tunnels, and tunnel length. Combined effects of univoltine and second generations were measured by examining tunnel number and length, ear anc shank infestations, and overwintering larvae on 20 Sept. Plots were harvested on 10 Oct and yields were corrected to 15.5% moisture.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Transgenic Corn Against European Corn Borer, 1997B

1998 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 376-377
Author(s):  
K. R. Ostlie ◽  
J. Luedeman ◽  
P. Price ◽  
J. Bhend ◽  
B. Potter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
European Corn Borer ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Transgenic Corn ◽  
Tunnel Length ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Corn Borer ◽  
Leaf Injury ◽  
Loam Soil

Abstract This experiment was conducted to assess the performance of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) transgenic corn hybrids (100- and 105-day RM) and comparable non-Bt hybrids against a natural ECB infestation in southwest Minnesota. Plots, each measuring 50 ft by 8 rows (30-inch row spacing), were established in Normania loam soil on 5 May at a rate ol 30,000 seeds per acre. Plots were arranged in a RCB with four replications. ECB injury assessments for first generations on 4 Aug included % shotholing from the center two rows of each plot and leaf injury ratings from 10 plants per plot. Tunnel length and number from both the first generation and univoltine generations were measured simultaneously from 10 plants per plot on 27 Aug. Measurements for second-generation ECB on 15-16 Oct included cumulative tunnel length and number, fall larvae, and ear and shank damage. Plots were harvested on 23 Oct and yields were corrected to 15.5% moisture.

scholarly journals SWEET CORN EAR RESISTANCE TO THE EUROPEAN CORN BORER (Ostrinia nubilalis, Hubner) AND ITS RESPONSE IN SINGLE CROSSES.

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 645f-645
Author(s):  
Mary S. Joyce ◽  
Dave W. Davis
Keyword(s):  
Ostrinia Nubilalis ◽  
European Corn Borer ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Corn Borer ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Corn Breeding ◽  
Resistant Lines ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Neonate Larvae

Development of sweet corn hybrids having resistance to ear feeding by the European corn borer (ECB) (Ostrinia nubilalis, Hübner) would save growers millions of dollars annually. Sweet corn breeding lines have been developed which show resistance to ear feeding. To determine whether resistance in these lines was heritable, testcrosses were made between 6 resistant lines and 2 susceptible inbreds. The testcrosses, resistant lines, susceptible inbreds, and Jubilee, a standard susceptible hybrid, were planted in randomized complete blocks replicated 8 times at each of 2 locations. Primary ears were infested, on the ear tip, at mid-silk (R3) with approximately 50 neonate larvae and were evaluated for damage 25 - 30 days later using a 9 point scale. The resistant parents and their testcrosses had 15% to 64% more resistant ears (less than 1% kernel damage at the tip only) than Jubilee. The inbreds and their commercial hybrid did not differ in resistance from Jubilee. Resistance to ECB appears to be polygenic and it has been suggested that some level of non-additive gene action is important. While the specific traits responsible for ear resistance are not known, the resistance of the breeding lines was transmitted to the testcrosses.

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