scholarly journals The importance of hand hygiene education on primary schoolgirls’ absence due to upper respiratory infections in Saudi Arabia. A cluster randomized controlled trial

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (10) ◽  
pp. 1044-1049 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abrar Alzaher ◽  
Sami Almudarra ◽  
Muna Mustafa ◽  
Ibrahim Gosadi
2016 ◽  
Vol 144 (12) ◽  
pp. 2552-2560 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. P. ZOMER ◽  
V. ERASMUS ◽  
C. W. LOOMAN ◽  
E. F. VAN BEECK ◽  
A. TJON-A-TSIEN ◽  
...  

SUMMARYGastrointestinal and respiratory infections in children attending daycare centres (DCCs) are common and compliance with hand hygiene (HH) guidelines to prevent infections is generally low. An intervention was developed to increase HH compliance and reduce infections in DCCs. The objective of this paper was to evaluate the effectiveness of this intervention on HH compliance. The intervention was evaluated in a two-arm cluster randomized controlled trial in 71 DCCs in The Netherlands. Thirty-six DCCs received the intervention including: (1) HH products; (2) training about HH guidelines; (3) two team training sessions aimed at goal setting and formulating HH improvement activities; and (4) reminders and cues for action (posters/stickers). Intervention DCCs were compared to 35 control DCCs that continued usual practice. HH compliance of caregivers and children was observed at baseline and at 1, 3 and 6 months follow-up. Using multilevel logistic regression, odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were obtained for the intervention effect. Of 795 caregivers, 5042 HH opportunities for caregivers and 5606 opportunities for supervising children's HH were observed. At 1 month follow-up caregivers' compliance in intervention DCCs was 66%vs.43% in control DCCs (OR 6·33, 95% CI 3·71–10·80), and at 6 months 59%vs.44% (OR 4·13, 95% CI 2·33–7·32). No effect of the intervention was found on supervising children's HH (36%vs.32%; OR 0·64, 95% CI 0·18–2·33). In conclusion, HH compliance of caregivers increased due to the intervention, therefore dissemination of the intervention can be considered.


2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ephrem Tefera Solomon ◽  
Sirak Robele Gari ◽  
Helmut Kloos ◽  
Bezatu Mengistie Alemu

Abstract Background Handwashing with soap reduces diarrheal diseases burden considerably. However, the importance of handwashing in homes has received little attention in rural eastern Ethiopia. The effectiveness of handwashing may be reduced by lack of information on when and in what event hands must be washed, the frequency of handwashing, the individual who should wash his/her hands, and the procedure of handwashing. In these areas, indicators of adherence to handwashing are yet to be established. This study aimed at assessing the efficiency of handwashing on reducing diarrheal disease in children under 5 years old in rural kebeles of Dire Dawa, east Ethiopia. Methods Community-based cluster randomized controlled trial was conducted in rural kebeles of Dire Dawa for 4 months starting from October 2018 to January 2019. Selected clusters were randomized in intervention and control arms using draw method and data collectors conducted the baseline survey. Households assigned to the intervention group were given two bars of plain soap on a bi-monthly basis together with information promoting hand hygiene. Control households were allowed to continue their habitual handwashing practices. We compared the diarrheal incidences of the intervention and non-intervention households. Generalized estimation equations using Poisson family and log choice of the link was employed to calculate adjusted incidence rate ratio with its 95% confidence interval. Results We recorded a significant lesser diarrheal incidence in the handwashing arm than in the non-intervention arm (6.9 versus 13.8 episodes per 100 person weeks of observation). In all, there was a 41% reduction in diarrheal incidence in the intervention arm in relation to the non-intervention arm. Conclusion Handwashing with soap complemented with hand hygiene promotion significantly decreased diarrheal episodes in children under 5 years old in rural kebeles of Dire Dawa. We recommend the promotion and adaptation of washing hands using soap at recommended times to be an effective means of reducing childhood diarrhea morbidity in rural populations of Ethiopia towards achieving the Sustainable Development Goal 6. Trial registration PACTR, PACTR201807815961394. Registered 16 July 2018,


2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (10) ◽  
pp. 1169-1177
Author(s):  
Gwen R. Teesing ◽  
Vicki Erasmus ◽  
Daan Nieboer ◽  
Mariska Petrignani ◽  
Marion P.G Koopmans ◽  
...  

AbstractObjective:To assess the effect of a multimodal intervention on hand hygiene compliance (HHC) in nursing homes.Design, setting, and participants:HHC was evaluated using direct, unobtrusive observation in a cluster randomized controlled trial at publicly funded nursing homes in the Netherlands. In total, 103 nursing home organizations were invited to participate; 18 organizations comprising 33 nursing homes (n = 66 nursing home units) participated in the study. Nursing homes were randomized into a control group (no intervention, n = 30) or an intervention group (multimodal intervention, n = 36). The primary outcome measure was HHC of nurses. HHC was appraised at baseline and at 4, 7, and 12 months after baseline. Observers and nurses were blinded.Intervention:Audits regarding hand hygiene (HH) materials and personal hygiene rules, 3 live lessons, an e-learning program, posters, and a photo contest. We used a new method to teach the nurses the WHO-defined 5 moments of HH: Room In, Room Out, Before Clean, and After Dirty.Results:HHC increased in both arms. The increase after 12 months was larger for units in the intervention arm (from 12% to 36%) than for control units (from 13% to 21%) (odds ratio [OR], 2.10; confidence interval [CI], 1.35–3.28). The intervention arm exhibited a statistically significant increase in HHC at 4 of the 5 WHO-defined HH moments. At follow-up, HHC in the intervention arm remained statistically significantly higher (OR, 1.93; 95% CI, 1.59–2.34) for indications after an activity (from 37% to 39%) than for indications before an activity (from 14% to 27%).Conclusions:The HANDSOME intervention is successful in improving HHC in nursing homes.


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