scholarly journals Hol van a normális és a kóros vérnyomás közötti határ, és mi a terápiás cél a cardiovascularis és a renalis betegségekben?

2021 ◽  
Vol 162 (34) ◽  
pp. 1351-1361
Author(s):  
Ede Kékes ◽  
Judit Nagy ◽  
Péter Vályi

Összefoglaló. Az irodalmi adatok arra utalnak, hogy a systolés vérnyomás értékének emelkedése már 110–115 Hgmm-től együtt jár az atherosclerosissal összefüggő elváltozások kialakulásával is és ezzel együtt a cardiovascularis és a renalis funkció romlásával. Az összefüggés exponenciális, de mértékét az életkor jelentősen befolyásolja. A kezelés során az elérendő vérnyomás célértéke a jelenlegi adatok alapján 120–130 Hgmm között helyezkedik el a 18–65 év közötti populációban; idősebb korban – különösen 80 év felett – ennél magasabb, a 130 Hgmm alatti érték elérése nem reális, de talán nem is szükséges. A leghelyesebb az egyéni vérnyomásprofil meghatározása, és számos befolyásoló tényezőt is figyelembe kell venni a páciens legmegfelelőbb kezeléséhez. A populáció egészségének javításához és megőrzéséhez az egyik legfontosabb és leggyakoribb cardiovascularis kockázati tényezőt, a magas vérnyomást időben fel kell fedezni, amihez a vérnyomást rendszeresen szükséges ellenőrizni, és ezzel párhuzamosan kell végezni a prevenciót célzó tevékenységeket (nevelés, oktatás, szűrés, egészségtudatos életmód) is. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(34): 1351–1361. Summary. The data in the literature suggest that the increase in the value of systolic blood pressure from 110–115 mmHg leads to the development of atherosclerotic process and to the deterioration of cardiovascular and renal function. The correlation is initially linear, then above 140–150 mmHg it is already exponential, but it is also related to the progression of the age. The systolic target for therapy is between 120–130 mmHg in the population aged 18–65; in older ages – especially over 80 years – it is higher and reaching the value below 130 mmHg is unrealistic, and may even be not necessary. It is the best to determine the individual treatment, taking into account the individual blood pressure profile and the factors influencing the patient. In order to improve and maintain the health of the population – in addition to unknown hypertension – it is necessary to regularly monitor blood pressure and apply the known preventive methods (education, training, screening, etc). Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(34): 1351–1361.

1996 ◽  
Vol 271 (4) ◽  
pp. R1002-R1008 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Pons ◽  
A. Schnecko ◽  
K. Witte ◽  
B. Lemmer ◽  
J. M. Waterhouse ◽  
...  

Patients with secondary hypertension frequently display abnormal circadian blood pressure profiles, characterized by a failure to decrease blood pressure at night. The transgenic TGR(mRen-2)27 rat strain, developing fulminant hypertension after the mouse salivary Ren-2 renin gene has been integrated into its genome, provides a fundamental model of genetic hypertension. Because of an inverse circadian blood pressure profile and an unchanged rhythmic pattern of heart rate compared with the normotensive Sprague-Dawley (SPR) strain, it was proposed to serve as an animal model of genetic hypertension. It was the aim of the present study to investigate the circadian rhythmicity in renal function of the transgenic rat to determine whether hypertension and disturbed circadian blood pressure profile would affect kidney function. Urinary water, electrolyte, and protein excretion, as well as glomerular filtration rate and renal plasma flow, were determined in unrestrained freely moving transgenic hypertensive (TGR) and SPR normotensive control rats by collecting urine and arterial blood every 4 h. Significant and similar circadian rhythms were found in renal excretion and hemodynamics in both normotensive and hypertensive strains. Peaks occurred in the active dark period, whereas troughs were found in daytime for all parameters. However, it has to be pointed out that, although the circadian profiles were not grossly perturbed in hypertensive animals, some small differences between SPR and TGR strains did exist in renal function. These discrepancies were precisely related to acrophase, showing a slight phase delay, and also to relative amplitude in TGR. This study demonstrates that the inverted circadian blood pressure profile affected only slightly the circadian rhythms in kidney function in TGR compared with SPR. These findings support the notion that time-dependent changes in systemic blood flow may be of greater importance for circadian regulation of kidney function than systemic blood pressure.


2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 670-676
Author(s):  
Natalia Y. Osovska ◽  
Yulia V. Mazur ◽  
Olga M. Bereziuk ◽  
Serhii P. Dmytryshyn ◽  
Maryna M. Velychkovych ◽  
...  

Introduction: Recently, the concept of vascular cognitive impairment, combining all variants of cognitive decline due to cerebrovascular insufficiency, is actively being developed. This concept goes far beyond traditionally existing ideas about the problem of vascular cognitive disturbances. The aim of the study is to demonstrate the correlation between the indices of structural and functional rearrangement of the cardiovascular system and the state of intellectualmnemonic functions in patients with hypertension. Materials and methods: A comprehensive survey of 146 patients with hypertension of the II and III stage according to ESH / ESC 2013, 2017, 2018 has been performed. The study included patients with mild and moderate cognitive impairment (CI). Depending on the state of the cognitive sphere and on the basis of the results of the neuronpsychological testing, The patients were divided into 3 groups depending on the state of the cognitive sphere and on the basis of the results of the neuron-psychological testing with further comparisons of their clinical and instrumental data. Results: According to the results of our study, it has been found that an increase of the signs of cardiovascular remodeling was observed in patients with more pronounced changes in cognitive activity. The analysis of intracardiac hemodynamic parameters in patients of the studied groups revealed more significant pathological changes in patients with cognitive impairments than in patients without them. Patients with mild and moderate CI had significantly higher heart rates, left ventricular wall thickness (LV) which led to impairment of the diastolic function of LV and had already been registered in patients without cognitive dysfunction. Moreover, it increased with the appearance (mild) and growth of the degree (moderate) cognitive impairment. The average daily values of BP (SBP, DBP) in patients of all studied groups significantly exceeded the recommended norms, while in patients with moderate CI these rates were significantly higher than those in the group with mild CI (p = 0.028). In addition, the variability of systolic blood pressure was increasing simultaneously with the deterioration of cognitive function of our patients. Also, signs of remodeling were being observed during the study of the state of peripheral vessels (increase of peripheral resistance, pulsation index, linear velocity and thickening of the intima-media complex), which is the main cause of cognitive impairment and causes their appearance and reflects their degree. Conclusions: The presented study revealed a clear correlation between the degree of cognitive impairment and the degree of changes in the daily blood pressure profile, the most important of which were the average daily systolic blood pressure and systolic blood pressure variability. On the basis of the conducted research, in the future it will be possible to predict the level of the cognitive sphere involvement, depending on the state of the daily blood pressure profile, changes of the ventricle and vessels geometry, which will enable timely diagnosis of cognitive impairment and the prescription an adequate therapy.


Peptides ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 170491
Author(s):  
Livia Victorino Souza ◽  
Sandro Soares de Almeida ◽  
Franciele De Meneck ◽  
Fernanda Thomazini ◽  
Ronaldo Carvalho Araujo ◽  
...  

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pius N C Manyike ◽  
C O Okike ◽  
Josephat Maduabuchi Chinawa ◽  
Ikechukwu E Obi ◽  
U C Ukoh

2012 ◽  
Vol 155 ◽  
pp. S13
Author(s):  
T. Durmaz ◽  
T. Keles ◽  
H. Ayhan ◽  
E. Bilen ◽  
N.A. Bayram ◽  
...  

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