Hardness and toughness of exoskeleton material in the stone crab, Menippe mercenaria

1996 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2903-2907 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. Melnick ◽  
Z. Chen ◽  
J. J. Mecholsky
Keyword(s):  
Materials Science ◽  
Structural Difference ◽  
Distal Portion ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Science And Engineering ◽  
Stone Crab ◽  
Materials Science And Engineering ◽  
Dark Color ◽  
Dark Material ◽  
Inorganic Structure

Techniques from the field of materials science and engineering were utilized to examine the mechanical effects of dark pigment in exoskeleton material on the distal portion of stone crab, Menippe mercenaria, chelae. We made specimens from dark-and light-colored exoskeleton material to measure hardness and fracture toughness. The results from these tests showed the dark material to be much harder and tougher than light-colored material from the same crab chela. Scanning electron microscope photographs are presented to document the microstructure and level of porosity. We think that the structural difference in material properties is due to the lower level of porosity and phenolic tanning in dark material and that this tanning caused the dark color and filling of porosity. The exoskeleton structure is a laminated organic-inorganic structure which can serve as a model for self-healing structures.

Self-healable Functional Polymers based on Diels-Alder ‘Click Chemistry’ Involving Substituted Furan and Triazolinedione Derivatives; A Simple and Very Fast Approach

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prantik Mondal ◽  
Gourhari Jana ◽  
Tuhin Subhra Pal ◽  
Pratim K. Chattaraj ◽  
Nikhil K Singha
Keyword(s):  
Click Chemistry ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Functional Polymers ◽  
Diels Alder ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Natural Phenomena ◽  
Science And Engineering ◽  
Fast Approach ◽  
Materials Science And Engineering

Nowadays, the design of functional polymer materials that can mimic natural phenomena, e.g., self-healing of skin cuts, has got a tremendous interest in materials science and engineering. Recently, 1,2,4-triazoline-3,5-dione (TAD)...

Everything you've always wanted to know about what your students think they know but were afraid to ask.

2000 ◽  
Vol 632 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Werwa
Keyword(s):  
Materials Science ◽  
Science Museum ◽  
Science And Engineering ◽  
Museum Exhibit ◽  
Museum Visitors ◽  
The Public ◽  
Materials Science And Engineering ◽  
Properties Of Materials ◽  
Formal Science ◽  
Lay Public

ABSTRACTA review of the educational literature on naive concepts about principles of chemistry and physics and surveys of science museum visitors reveal that people of all ages have robust alternative notions about the nature of atoms, matter, and bonding that persist despite formal science education experiences. Some confusion arises from the profound differences in the way that scientists and the lay public use terms such as materials, metals, liquids, models, function, matter, and bonding. Many models that eloquently articulate arrangements of atoms and molecules to informed scientists are not widely understood by lay people and may promote naive notions among the public. Shifts from one type of atomic model to another and changes in size scales are particularly confusing to learners. People's abilities to describe and understand the properties of materials are largely based on tangible experiences, and much of what students learn in school does not help them interpret their encounters with materials and phenomena in everyday life. Identification of these challenges will help educators better convey the principles of materials science and engineering to students, and will be particularly beneficial in the design of the Materials MicroWorld traveling museum exhibit.

scholarly journals Metal Nano/Microparticles for Bioapplications

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 4543
Author(s):  
Xuan-Hung Pham ◽  
Seung-min Park ◽  
Bong-Hyun Jun
Keyword(s):  
Materials Science ◽  
Functional Materials ◽  
Science And Engineering ◽  
Micro Particles ◽  
Materials Science And Engineering

Nano/micro particles are considered to be the most valuable and important functional materials in the field of materials science and engineering [...]

Materials Science and Engineering Education

MRS Bulletin ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 18-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Abbaschian
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Iron Age ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Intraocular Lenses ◽  
Science And Engineering ◽  
Materials Science And Engineering ◽  
Do So

Materials science and engineering (MSE), as a field as well as a discipline, has expanded greatly in recent years and will continue to do so, most likely at an even faster pace. It is now well-accepted that materials are crucial to the national defense, to the quality of life, and to the economic security and competitiveness of the nation. Mankind has recognized the importance of manmade materials to the quality of life for many centuries. In many cases, the security and defense of tribes and nations have substantially depended on the availability of materials. It is not surprising that historical periods have been named after materials—the Bronze Age, the Iron Age, etc. The major requirements from materials in those days were their properties and performance. Today, in this age of advanced materials, the importance of materials to defense and quality of life has not changed. However, the critical role of materials has taken an additional dimension: it has become essential to enhancing industrial competitiveness.The knowledge base within MSE has also expanded vastly throughout these years and continues to do so at an increasing rate. We are constantly gaining a deeper understanding of the fundamental nature of materials, developing new ways to produce and shape them for applications extending from automobiles to supersonic airplanes, optoelectronic devices to supercomputers, hip implants to intraocular lenses, or from household appliances to gigantic structures. We are also learning that, in many of these applications, we need to depend on the combinations or composites of different classes of materials (metals, ceramic, polymers, and electronic materials) to enhance their properties.

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