Initial Stability Measurements of Implants Using a New Magnetic Resonance Frequency Analyzer with Titanium Transducers: An Ex Vivo Study

The establishment of stability of a dental implant is mandatory for successful osseointegration. Resonance frequency analysis (RFA) is the most frequently used method for the clinical measurement of implant stability. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the reliability of the recently developed RF analyzer named as Penguin RFA and to compare it with the traditional RF analyzer Osstell ISQ. Sixty implants were inserted into fresh vertebrae and pelvis belonging to a steer. Implant stability was measured using Penguin RFA by its transducers (multipegs) and Osstell ISQ by its transducers (smartpegs). Additionally, stability was measured by multipegs with Osstell ISQ and by smartpegs with Penguin RFA. The intra-observer and inter-observer reliability of Penguin RFA were estimated by the intra-class coefficient (ICC). Mean implant stability quotients (ISQs) measured with Osstell ISQ were higher than the ISQs measured with Penguin RFA (P<.05). The intra- and inter-observer reliability of Penguin RFA were considered as excellent (ICC > 0.7). For Osstell ISQ, no significance in ISQs was detected between the readings by smartpegs and multipegs (P > .05) while for Penguin RFA ISQs by smartpegs were significantly higher than the ISQs by multipegs (P <.05). Recently developed Penguin RFA, is reliable and can be used in the clinical practice for the measurement of dental implant stability in regardless of the bone type. The multipegs originally manufactured for the Penguin RFA is also compatible with Osstell ISQ.