The Influence of Implant Shape on Primary Stability of Implants With a Thread Cutting and Forming Design: An Ex Vivo Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 181-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cagatay Dayan ◽  
Onur Geckili ◽  
Canan Bural
Keyword(s):  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Primary Stability ◽  
Type I ◽  
Resonance Frequency Analysis ◽  
Implant Stability ◽  
Thread Cutting ◽  
Type Iii ◽  
Experienced Clinician ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ex Vivo Study

The design of an implant has a great effect on primary stability. The purpose of this study was to determine the differences in primary stability between straight and tapered Neoss ProActive implants in type I and type III bones using resonance frequency analysis (RFA) and electronic percussive testing (EPT) methods. Fresh cow vertebrae and pelvis were used as models of type III and type i bone, respectively. Implants of 2 different designs—straight and tapered Neoss ProActive implants with a thread cutting and forming (TCF) design, both 3.5-mm wide and 11-mm long—were placed in both types of bone (n = 60). The primary stability of all implants was measured by an experienced clinician blinded to the study protocol using the EPT and RFA devices. No statistically significant difference was found between the implant stability quotients and the percussive test values of straight and tapered implants in either bone type. Within the limitations of this ex vivo study, it may be concluded that the shape of an implant with a TCF design does not affect primary stability.

PRIMARY STABILITY IN VARIOUS-LEVELS IMPACTED IMPLANTS: AN EX-VIVO STUDY

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
ÇAĞLAR BİLMENOĞLU BİLMENOĞLU ◽  
ANIL ÖZYURT ◽  
AHMET ALTUĞ ÇİLİNGİR ◽  
FATMA NESRİN TURAN
Keyword(s):  
Frequency Analysis ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Primary Stability ◽  
Resonance Frequency Analysis ◽  
Implant Stability ◽  
Implant Stability Quotient ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Ex Vivo Study ◽  
Group 1

The aim of this study was to examine the primary stabilization of different vertically impacted bone implants. Implant stability was measured by resonance frequency analysis. Forty-five dental implants were used and divided into three groups. Group 1 was placed 4 mm (1/3 impacted), Group 2 was placed 8 mm (2/3 impacted), and Group 3 was placed 12 mm (fully impacted). Implant stability quotient values were measured on the longitudinal and transversal axis by two independent researchers. The fully-impacted group showed the significantly highest value among the groups (p < 0.05). There were statistically varying implant-stability quotient values between researchers. None of the 1/3 impacted implants’ value reached a 70 implant-stability quotient value.

Initial Stability Measurements of Implants Using a New Magnetic Resonance Frequency Analyzer with Titanium Transducers: An Ex Vivo Study

2020 ◽  
pp. 0000-0000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Canan Bural ◽  
Cagatay Dayan ◽  
Onur Geckili
Keyword(s):  
Resonance Frequency ◽  
Dental Implant ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Resonance Frequency Analysis ◽  
Implant Stability ◽  
Clinical Measurement ◽  
Observer Reliability ◽  
Initial Stability ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Frequency ◽  
Ex Vivo Study

The establishment of stability of a dental implant is mandatory for successful osseointegration. Resonance frequency analysis (RFA) is the most frequently used method for the clinical measurement of implant stability. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the reliability of the recently developed RF analyzer named as Penguin RFA and to compare it with the traditional RF analyzer Osstell ISQ. Sixty implants were inserted into fresh vertebrae and pelvis belonging to a steer. Implant stability was measured using Penguin RFA by its transducers (multipegs) and Osstell ISQ by its transducers (smartpegs). Additionally, stability was measured by multipegs with Osstell ISQ and by smartpegs with Penguin RFA. The intra-observer and inter-observer reliability of Penguin RFA were estimated by the intra-class coefficient (ICC). Mean implant stability quotients (ISQs) measured with Osstell ISQ were higher than the ISQs measured with Penguin RFA (P<.05). The intra- and inter-observer reliability of Penguin RFA were considered as excellent (ICC > 0.7). For Osstell ISQ, no significance in ISQs was detected between the readings by smartpegs and multipegs (P > .05) while for Penguin RFA ISQs by smartpegs were significantly higher than the ISQs by multipegs (P <.05). Recently developed Penguin RFA, is reliable and can be used in the clinical practice for the measurement of dental implant stability in regardless of the bone type. The multipegs originally manufactured for the Penguin RFA is also compatible with Osstell ISQ.

Aerosol generation through pars plana vitrectomy

2020 ◽  
pp. bjophthalmol-2020-317214
Author(s):  
Hasan Naveed ◽  
Fong May Chew ◽  
Hanbin Lee ◽  
Edward Hughes ◽  
Mayank A Nanavaty
Keyword(s):  
Pars Plana Vitrectomy ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Dynamic Changes ◽  
Aerosol Generation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Optical Particle Counter ◽  
Pars Plana ◽  
23 Gauge ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Ex Vivo Study

PurposeTo assess whether pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) is an aerosol-generating procedure (AGP) in an ex vivo experimental model.MethodsIn this ex vivo study on 10 porcine eyes, optical particle counter was used to measure particles ≤10 μm using cumulative mode in the six in-built channels: 0.3 μm, 0.5 μm, 1 μm, 2.5 μm, 5 μm and 10 μm aerosols during PPV. Two parts of the study were as follows: (1) to assess the pre-experimental baseline aerosol count in the theatre environment where there are dynamic changes in temperature and humidity and (2) to measure aerosol generation with 23-gauge and 25-gauge set-up. For each porcine eye, five measurements were taken for each consecutive step in the experiment including pre-PPV, during PPV, fluid–air exchange (FAX) and venting using a flute with 23-gauge set-up and a chimney with 25-gauge set-up. Therefore, a total of 200 measurements were recorded.ResultsWith 23-gauge and 25-gauge PPV, there was no significant difference in aerosol generation in all six channels comparing pre-PPV versus PPV or pre-PPV versus FAX. Venting using flute with 23-gauge PPV showed significant reduction of aerosol ≤1 μm. Air venting using chimney with 25-gauge set-up showed no significant difference in aerosol of ≤1 μm. For cumulative aerosol counts of all particles measuring ≤5 μm, compared with pre-PPV, PPV or FAX, flute venting in 23-gauge set-up showed significant reduction unlike the same comparison for chimney venting in 25-gauge set-up.ConclusionPPV and its associate steps do not generate aerosols ≤10 μm with 23-gauge and 25-gauge set-ups.

RA05.04: MANAGEMENT & OUTCOMES OF ANASTOMOTIC LEAKS FOLLOWING ESOPHAGECTOMY: A PROSPECTIVE 10-YEAR SINGLE-SITE EXPERIENCE

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 28-28
Author(s):  
Joel Lambert ◽  
Sanya Caratella ◽  
Eloise Lawrence ◽  
Bilal Alkhaffaf
Keyword(s):  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Anastomotic Leak ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Type I ◽  
Oral Contrast ◽  
Open Approach ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Anastomotic Leaks ◽  
Type Iii ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background Anastomotic leak after esophagectomy is associated with high levels of morbidity and may impact negatively on oncological outcomes. The aim of this single centre study was to describe our experience in managing these complications Methods From 2007–2017 data was reviewed retrospectively from our prospectively maintained electronic database. All patients underwent either 2 or 3 phase esophagectomy for cancer of the oesophagus or esophago-gastric junction. All histological sub-types and stage of cancer were included in the analysis. Anastomotic leaks were classified according to the Esophagectomy Complications Consensus Group (ECCG) guidelines; type I—conservative management, type II—non-surgical intervention, type III—surgical intervention. Results 224 esophagectomies were included in our analysis (104 (46%) minimally invasive, 120 (54%) open approach). The incidence of all anastomotic leaks was 10% (23/224). Surgical approach did not influence the incidence of anastomotic leak (minimally invasive 10 (43%), open approach 13(57%), P = 0.76). Five patients (22%) had a type I leak, 9 patients (39%) type II and 9 (39%) had a type III leak. There was an increase in the number of leaks managed non-surgically over the last 5 years compared to those in the first five years of our dataset (2012–2017: 11/23 (48%) vs 2007–2012: 4/23 (17%) P = 0.08). The median time for leak diagnosis was 8 days. Most leaks were diagnosed with oral contrast CT 19 (83%). Median hospital stay after anastomotic leak was 58.5 days. Type III leaks were associated with an increased length of stay (median 84 days) compared to type I&II leaks (median (38.5 days) (P = 0.002 95% CI 18.19- 74.41). There was no significant difference in 30-day mortality between type I&II (0 patients) and type III leaks (1 patient) P = 0.260. Conclusion Low mortality rates with anastomotic leak can be achieved. In centres with experienced radiological and endoscopic skills, most anastomotic leaks can be managed non-surgically. Disclosure All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.

Longitudinal Implant Stability Measurements Based on Resonance Frequency Analysis After Placement in Healed or Regenerated Bone

2014 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 438-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giorgio Deli ◽  
Vincenzo Petrone ◽  
Valeria De Risi ◽  
Drazen Tadic ◽  
Gregory-George Zafiropoulos
Keyword(s):  
Resonance Frequency ◽  
Bone Quality ◽  
Frequency Analysis ◽  
Primary Stability ◽  
Resonance Frequency Analysis ◽  
Implant Stability ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Over Time

Primary stability is an indicator of subsequent osseointegration of dental implants. However, few studies have compared the implant stability among anatomical regions and bone types; thus, not enough data exist regarding the stability of implants placed in regenerated bone (RB). The present study evaluated primary and long-term stability of implants placed in RB and non-regenerated healed bone (HB). A total of 216 screw cylinder implants were placed in 216 patients (98 in HB and 118 in RB, 6 [RB6, N = 68] or 12 [RB12, N = 50] months after tooth extraction). Implant stability was evaluated using resonance frequency analysis (RFA) measured at the time of implant placement (E1), at the time of loading (4 months after placement, E2), and 4 months after loading (E3). Various clinically relevant measurements were obtained, such as implant diameter, length, and location, as well as bone quality. At E1, implant location, bone quality, and experimental group significantly affected implant stability (all at P < .05). At E2, implant location, diameter, length, and experimental group significantly affected implant stability (all at P < .05). At E3, bone quality, implant diameter, length, and experimental group significantly affected implant stability (all at P < .01). Stability for the RB12 group was significantly higher than all other corresponding values; further, the values did not change significantly over time. For the HB and RB6 groups, stability was significantly higher at E2 than at E1 (P < .001) and was no different between E2 and E3. Implant location, length, and experimental group were associated with these differences (all at P < .05). Compared with HB and RB6, higher implant stability may be achieved in regenerated bone 12 months post-extraction (RB12). This stability was achieved at E1 and maintained for at least 8 months. Variables such as implant length, diameter, and bone quality affected the stability differently over time. Implant stability varied in different anatomic regions and with regard to different healing processes in the bone.

scholarly journals Phenotypes of Encapsulating Peritoneal Sclerosis—Macroscopic Appearance, Histologic Findings, and Outcome

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 495-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joerg Latus ◽  
Christoph Ulmer ◽  
Peter Fritz ◽  
Bianka Rettenmaier ◽  
Dagmar Biegger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Operation Time ◽  
Postoperative Treatment ◽  
Type I ◽  
Macroscopic Appearance ◽  
Type Iii ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Macroscopic Findings

BackgroundEncapsulating peritoneal sclerosis (EPS) is a rare but devastating complication of peritoneal dialysis (PD), with clinical signs of abdominal pain, bowel obstruction, and weight loss in late stages.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed all patients who were diagnosed with EPS between March 1998 and October 2011 in our department of nephrology. We focused on the 24 EPS patients who underwent surgery because of symptomatic late-stage EPS. We identified 3 different macroscopic phenotypes of EPS that we categorized as types I – III. We correlated histologic findings with those macroscopic phenotypes of EPS. The postoperative and long-term outcomes were evaluated by macroscopic phenotype.ResultsDuration of PD was longer in type III than in types I and II EPS ( p = 0.05). We observed no other statistically significant differences between the groups in baseline characteristics, except for operation time, which was longer in the type I than in the type III group ( p = 0.02). Furthermore, we observed no statistically significant difference between the groups with respect to the onset of complaints before surgery (7.8 ± 5.9 months vs 7.0 ± 7.0 months vs 6.5 ± 5.3 months). Concerning patient outcomes, there was no evidence that any of the macroscopic EPS types was associated with more major or minor complications after surgery. For all study patients, follow-up was at least 3 years, with 19 patients still being alive, and 16 having no or very mild complaints. The typical histologic findings of EPS were present in all macroscopic types; only fibrin deposits were more prominent in type II than in type III.ConclusionsWe describe 3 subtypes of EPS based on macroscopic findings. Postoperative treatment should probably not be influenced by the macroscopic EPS phenotype. Whether the different phenotypes represent different pathophysiologic processes remains unclear and has to be further evaluated.

scholarly journals Transepithelial Migration of Toxoplasma gondii Is Linked to Parasite Motility and Virulence

2002 ◽  
Vol 195 (12) ◽  
pp. 1625-1633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Barragan ◽  
L. David Sibley
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Type Iii ◽  
Migratory Capacity ◽  
Virulent Type ◽  
Parasite Motility

After oral ingestion, Toxoplasma gondii crosses the intestinal epithelium, disseminates into the deep tissues, and traverses biological barriers such as the placenta and the blood-brain barrier to reach sites where it causes severe pathology. To examine the cellular basis of these processes, migration of T. gondii was studied in vitro using polarized host cell monolayers and extracellular matrix. Transmigration required active parasite motility and the highly virulent type I strains consistently exhibited a superior migratory capacity than the nonvirulent type II and type III strains. Type I strain parasites also demonstrated a greater capacity for transmigration across mouse intestine ex vivo, and directly penetrated into the lamina propria and vascular endothelium. A subpopulation of virulent type I parasites exhibited a long distance migration (LDM) phenotype in vitro, that was not expressed by nonvirulent type II and type III strains. Cloning of parasites expressing the LDM phenotype resulted in substantial increase of migratory capacity in vitro and in vivo. The potential to up-regulate migratory capacity in T. gondii likely plays an important role in establishing new infections and in dissemination upon reactivation of chronic infections.

scholarly journals Does Implant Design Affect Implant Primary Stability? A Resonance Frequency Analysis–Based Randomized Split-Mouth Clinical Trial

2015 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. e281-e286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio Alexandre Gehrke ◽  
Ulisses Tavares da Silva ◽  
Massimo Del Fabbro
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Resonance Frequency ◽  
Frequency Analysis ◽  
Primary Stability ◽  
Implant Design ◽  
Resonance Frequency Analysis ◽  
Implant Stability ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

The purpose of this study was to assess implant stability in relation to implant design (conical vs. semiconical and wide-pitch vs narrow-pitch) using resonance frequency analysis. Twenty patients with bilateral edentulous maxillary premolar region were selected. In one hemiarch, conical implants with wide pitch (group 1) were installed; in the other hemiarch, semiconical implants with narrow pitch were installed (group 2). The implant allocation was randomized. The implant stability quotient (ISQ) was measured by resonance frequency analysis immediately following implant placement to assess primary stability (time 1) and at 90 days after placement (time 2). In group 1, the mean and standard deviation ISQ for time 1 was 65.8 ± 6.22 (95% confidence interval [CI], 55 to 80), and for time 2, it was 68.0 ± 5.52 (95% CI, 57 to 77). In group 2, the mean and standard deviation ISQ was 63.6 ± 5.95 (95% CI, 52 to 78) for time 1 and 67.0 ± 5.71 (95% CI, 58 to 78) for time 2. The statistical analysis demonstrated significant difference in the ISQ values between groups at time 1 (P = .007) and no statistical difference at time 2 (P = .54). The greater primary stability of conical implants with wide pitch compared with semiconical implants with narrow pitch might suggest a preference for the former in case of the adoption of immediate or early loading protocols.

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