scholarly journals Clinical Profile of Adverse Cutaenous Drug Reactions in Patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Puteri Nabilah Maharani ◽  
Oki Suwarsa ◽  
Susantina Prodjosoewojo
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Stevens Johnson Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Feature ◽  
Drug Reactions ◽  
Hiv Patients ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Cutaneous Drug Reactions

Background: Adverse cutaneous drug reactions (ACDRs) are common problems in patients during the treatment of various diseases. The clinical feature varies from mild manifestation such as morbilliform, urticaria, and contact dermatitis, to severe manifestation such as Stevens - Johnson syndrome (SJS) and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN). Patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have an increased risk of developing ACDRs due to immune system disruption. This study aimed to describe the clinical features of ACDRs in HIV patients and the drugs that cause ACDRs. Method: This study was a retrospective study using secondary data from medical records of HIV patients with ACDRs who visited Teratai Clinic of Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung from 2014 to 2018. Total sampling was applied and results were presented in percentage. Results: There were 94 HIV patients with ACDRs out of 557 HIV patients. Adverse cutaneous drug reactions are commonly found in males aged 20-39 years old. The clinical features found were morbilliform (85.6%), SJS (8.9%), urticaria (4.4%), and erythroderma (1.1%). The most common drugs causing ACDRs were Cotrimoxazole (30%), Efavirenz (28.9%), and Nevirapine (16.7%). Conclusion: The prevalence of ACDRs in HIV patients in this study is 16.9%. The most common clinical features are morbilli form and SJS with Cotrimoxazole, Efavirenz, and Nevirapine causing most of the ACDRs.

scholarly journals Cutaneous adverse drug reaction in Human Immunodeficiency virus patient associated with antiviral therapy: A retrospective study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vidyani Adiningtyas ◽  
Cita Rosita Sigit Prakoeswa ◽  
Erwin Astha Triyono
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Adverse Drug Reaction ◽  
Drug Reaction ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Antiviral Therapy ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Maculopapular Rash ◽  
Clinical Feature ◽  
Hiv Patients ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

Drug hypersensitivity reactions specifically cutaenous adverse drug reaction (CADR) occur at higher rate in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)- positive patients than general population and cause significant morbidity, in early era of antiretroviral therapy (ART), the incidence of skin rashes can reach 50% in HIV patients taking HIV medications. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the pattern of CADR in HIV patients associated with ART. A retrospective study took data from medical record CADR in HIV patients associated with ART at HIV ward, Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya, since January 2013 until December 2015. During the period of three years, there were 20 CADR patients in at HIV ward, Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya. The most common patient was male, with the highest age group of 25-44 years old, and the most clinical feature found were maculopapular rash, and Steven Johnson Syndrome (SJS). The most common antiviral therapy were nevirapine. The number of CADR in HIV patient associated with ART cases increased. The most clinical feature were maculopapular rash followed by SJS, only few cases of toxic epidermal necrolysis.

scholarly journals Nevirapine Associated Stevens Johnson Syndrome in an HIV Positive Pregnant Woman- A Case for Pharmacovigilance.

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (09) ◽  
pp. 5044-5047
Author(s):  
Akpa MA ◽  
Akogu SPO ◽  
Abba MA
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Pregnant Woman ◽  
Health Education ◽  
Stevens Johnson Syndrome ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Drug Reactions ◽  
Johnson Syndrome ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Pregnant State

This is a case report of a 41 year old multipara with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection with an interesting history. She was initially commenced on a regimen of antiretroviral which included nevirapine in her non pregnant state. A change of drugs to replace nevirapine with efavirenz was instituted when skin rash was noticed. Unfortunately, she was recommenced on nevirapine when she became pregnant at 15 weeks gestation and developed symptoms of Stevens Johnson syndrome necessitating admission and treatment following which she made a full recovery. The presentation of this case highlights the importance of pharmacovigilance and health education to patients about adverse drug reactions.

scholarly journals Hepatotoxicity Chemotherapy-Induced in HIV Patients

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2871
Author(s):  
Silvia Bressan ◽  
Alessandra Pierantoni ◽  
Saman Sharifi ◽  
Sergio Facchini ◽  
Vincenzo Quagliarello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Drugs ◽  
Hiv Patients ◽  
Simultaneous Treatment ◽  
Risks And Benefits ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv And Cancer ◽  
Chronic Disease State ◽  
Selection Of

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) affects more than 37 million people globally, and in 2020, more than 680,000 people died from HIV-related causes. Recently, these numbers have decrease substantially and continue to reduce thanks to the use of antiretroviral therapy (ART), thus making HIV a chronic disease state for those dependent on lifelong use of ART. However, patients with HIV have an increased risk of developing some type of cancer compared to patients without HIV. Therefore, treatment of patients who are diagnosed with both HIV and cancer represents a complicated scenario because of the risk associated with drug–drug interaction (DDIs) and related toxicity. Selection of an alternative chemotherapy or ART or temporarily discontinuation of ART constitute a strategy to manage the risk of DDIs. Temporarily withholding ART is the less desirable clinical plan but risks and benefits must be considered in each scenario. In this review we focus on the hepatotoxicity associated with a simultaneous treatment with ART and chemotherapeutic drugs and mechanisms behind. Moreover, we also discuss the effect on the liver caused by the association of immunotherapeutic drugs, which have recently been used in clinical trials and also in HIV patients.

scholarly journals 377. Diagnostic Yield of Bone Marrow Aspiration and Biopsy in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Patients with Fever and/or Cytopenia

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S197-S197
Author(s):  
Stephanie Egge ◽  
Mathew Malus ◽  
Ariel Osorio ◽  
Richard Mansour ◽  
Samip Master ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Bone Marrow Aspiration ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cd4 Count ◽  
Hiv Patients ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Wbc Count

Abstract Background Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) patients are at increased risk of opportunistic infections and malignancies. Evaluation for the etiology of fever and/or cytopenia with conventional means such as cultures and serology can remain negative. Bone marrow aspiration or biopsy (BMAB) has the advantage of diagnosing disseminated infections, hematological abnormalities and oncological malignancies in HIV patients. Methods We performed a retrospective descriptive study of HIV patients with fever and/ or cytopenia who underwent Bone marrow aspiration or biopsy (BMAB). Patients with a diagnosis of HIV, 18 years and older who underwent BMAB in University Health (UH) Hospital or in UH clinics from January 2012 to February 2018 were included. Results There were a total of 42 patients who underwent Bone Marrow Aspiration or Biopsy. The median age was 41.5 years. Twenty-eight patients were Male and 14 were female. Preexisting Hematological malignancy was present in 10 patients at the time of BMAB. Average CD4 count at the time of BMAB was 92. 8 patients were compliant with ART and 12 patients were compliant with clinic appointments. White Blood Cell (WBC) count below 4.4 cells / L was present in 30 patients at the time of BMAB. Disseminated Mycobacterium Avium Complex infection (2 patients),Disseminated Histoplasmosis (2 patients), Disseminated Cryptococcus (1 patient) and Parvovirus B19 (based on Immunohistochemistry, 1 patient) were diagnosed from BMAB. CD4 count of these 6 patients range from 0 to 12 at the time of BMAB. All 6 patients presented to the hospital with fever for evaluation. Average WBC count, Hemoglobin and platelet count in these patients are 4.1 cells / liter, 8.7 g/dL and 74.8 k/micro liter, respectively. All 6 patients were non compliant to HIV medications and clinic appointments. Conclusion Since the advent of Anti Retroviral drugs with excellent efficacy and early diagnosis of HIV patients, incidence of disseminated fungal and mycobacterial infections have decreased in the United States. But patients with low CD4 count and cytopenias warrant a Bone Marrow aspiration or Biopsy to make a clear and early diagnosis. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document