In vitro predatory activity of conidia of fungal isolates of the Duddingtonia flagrans on Angiostrongylus vasorum first-stage larvae

AbstractAngiostrongylus vasorum is a nematode that parasitizes domestic dogs and wild canids. We compared the predatory capacity of isolates from the predatory fungi Duddingtonia flagrans (AC001), Monacrosporium thaumasium (NF34), Monacrosporium sinense (SF53) and Arthrobotrys robusta (I31) on first-stage larvae (L1) of A. vasorum under laboratory conditions. L1A. vasorum were plated on 2% water-agar (WA) Petri dishes marked into 4 mm diameter fields with the four grown isolates and a control without fungus. Plates of treated groups contained each 1000 L1A. vasorum and 1000 conidia of the fungal isolates AC001, NF34, SF53 and I31 on 2% WA. Plates of the control group (without fungus) contained only 1000 L1A. vasorum on 2% WA. Ten random fields (4 mm diameter) were examined per plate of treated and control groups, every 24 h for 7 days. Nematophagous fungi were not observed in the control group during the experiment. There was no variation in the predatory capacity among the tested fungal isolates (P>0.05) during the 7 days of the experiment. There was a significant reduction (P < 0.05) of 80.3%, 74.5%, 74.2% and 71.8% in the means of A. vasorum L1 recovered from treatments with isolates AC001, NF34, SF53 and I31, respectively, compared to the control without fungi. In this study, the four isolates of predatory fungi were efficient in the in vitro capture and destruction of A. vasorum L1, confirming previous work on the efficiency of nematophagous fungi in the control of nematode parasites of dogs and as a possible alternative method of biological control.

Download Full-text

Fungal Antagonism Assessment of Predatory Species and Producers Metabolites and Their Effectiveness onHaemonchus contortusInfective Larvae

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2015/241582 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Manoel Eduardo Silva ◽

Fabio Ribeiro Braga ◽

Pedro Mendoza de Gives ◽

Jair Millán-Orozco ◽

Miguel Angel Mercado Uriostegui ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Haemonchus Contortus ◽

Antagonistic Effect ◽

Nematophagous Fungi ◽

Duddingtonia Flagrans ◽

Clonostachys Rosea ◽

Infective Larvae ◽

Fungal Isolates ◽

Show Evidence ◽

Fungal Antagonism

The objective of this study was to assess antagonism of nematophagous fungi and species producers metabolites and their effectiveness onHaemonchus contortusinfective larvae (L3). Assay A assesses the synergistic, additive, or antagonistic effect on the production of spores of fungal isolates of the speciesDuddingtonia flagrans,Clonostachys rosea,Trichoderma esau, andArthrobotrys musiformis; Assay B evaluates in vitro the effect of intercropping of these isolates grown in 2% water-agar (2% WA) on L3ofH. contortus.D. flagrans(Assay A) produced 5.3 × 106spores and associated withT. esau,A. musiformis, orC. roseareduced its production by 60.37, 45.28, and 49.05%, respectively.T. esauproduced 7.9 × 107conidia and associated withD. flagrans,A. musiformis, orC. roseareduced its production by 39.24, 82.27, and 96.96%, respectively.A. musiformisproduced 7.3 × 109spores and associated withD. flagrans,T. esau, orC. roseareduced its production by 99.98, 99.99, and 99.98%, respectively.C. roseaproduced 7.3 × 108conidia and associated withD. flagrans,T. esau, orA. musiformisreduced its production by 95.20, 96.84, and 93.56%, respectively. These results show evidence of antagonism in the production of spores between predators fungi.

Download Full-text

Predatory activity of nematophagous fungi on infective larvae of Ancylostoma sp.: evaluation in vitro and after passing through the gastrointestinal tract of dogs

Journal of Helminthology ◽

10.1017/s0022149x08158965 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 83 (3) ◽

pp. 231-236 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

R.O. Carvalho ◽

J.V. Araújo ◽

F.R. Braga ◽

J.M. Araujo ◽

A.R. Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gastrointestinal Tract ◽

Nematophagous Fungi ◽

Biological Control Agents ◽

Duddingtonia Flagrans ◽

Predatory Activity ◽

The Mean ◽

Predatory Capacity ◽

I 31

AbstractThe predatory capacity of nematophagous fungi Duddingtonia flagrans (AC001), Monacrosporium thaumasium (NF34a), M. appendiculatum (CGI), M. sinense (SF53), Arthrobotrys conoides (I-40), A. cladodes (CG719) and A. robusta (I-31) on infective Ancylostoma sp. larvae (L3) was evaluated. Compared with the control without fungi there was a significant reduction (P < 0.05) of 87.02%, 82.74%, 47.93%, 60.49%, 76.89%, 71.33% and 86.02% in the mean number of Ancylostoma sp. (L3) recovered from treatments with the isolates AC001, NF34a, CGI, SF53, I-40, CG719 and I-31, respectively. Isolates AC001, I-31 and NF34a were more effective in capturing L3 during the in vitro assay. Isolates were then in vivo evaluated for the capacity to remain viable after passing through the gastrointestinal tract of dogs, while still maintaining their predatory activity against L3. Fungal isolates survived the passage and showed efficient predation 48 h after fungal administration to the dogs (P < 0.05). After this time, only the isolate NF34a remained effective up to 96 h after administration (P < 0.05). Monacrosporium thaumasium, D. flagrans and A. robusta are potential biological control agents of Ancylostoma sp. in dogs.

Download Full-text

Duddingtonia flagrans, Monacrosporium thaumasium and Pochonia chlamydosporia as possible biological control agents of Oxyuris equi and Austroxyuris finlaysoni

Journal of Helminthology ◽

10.1017/s0022149x09990034 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 84 (1) ◽

pp. 21-25 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

F.R. Braga ◽

J.V. Araújo ◽

A.R. Silva ◽

J.M. Araujo ◽

R.O. Carvalho ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Biological Control ◽

Biological Control Agent ◽

Morphological Alteration ◽

Duddingtonia Flagrans ◽

Biochemical Effect ◽

Pochonia Chlamydosporia ◽

Lytic Effect ◽

Fungal Isolates

AbstractThe action of four fungal isolates of the species Duddingtonia flagrans (AC001), Monacrosporium thaumasium (NF34a) and Pochonia chlamydosporia (VC1 and VC4) on eggs of Oxyuris equi and Austroxyuris finlaysoni was evaluated in two assays (A and B). Eggs of O. equi (Test A) and A. finlaysoni (Test B) were plated on Petri dishes with 2% water-agar with grown fungal isolates and control without fungus. After 5, 10 and 15 days, 100 eggs were collected and classified according to the following parameters: type 1 effect, physiological and biochemical effect without morphological damage to the eggshell; type 2 effect, lytic effect with morphological alteration of the eggshell and embryo; and type 3 effect, lytic effect with morphological alteration of the eggshell and embryo, hyphal penetration and internal egg colonization. Pochonia chlamydosporia isolates VC1 and VC4 showed ovicidal activity for type 1, 2 and 3 effects on eggs of O. equi and eggs of A. finlaysoni. In vitro assays A and B showed that P. chlamydosporia had a negative influence on eggs of O. equi and A. finlaysoni and can be considered as a potential biological control agent of nematodes.

Download Full-text

Activity in vitro of fungal conidia of Duddingtonia flagrans and Monacrosporium thaumasium on Haemonchus contortus infective larvae

Journal of Helminthology ◽

10.1017/s0022149x10000362 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 85 (2) ◽

pp. 138-141 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

A.R. Silva ◽

J.V. Araújo ◽

F.R. Braga ◽

C.D.F. Alves ◽

L.N. Frassy

Keyword(s):

Haemonchus Contortus ◽

Control Group ◽

Duddingtonia Flagrans ◽

Control Groups ◽

Infective Larvae ◽

Fungal Isolates ◽

Petri Dishes ◽

And Control ◽

Baermann Method

AbstractThe objective of this work was to evaluate the predatory activity of the fungi Duddingtonia flagrans (AC001) and Monacrosporium thaumasium (NF34a) on Haemonchus contortus infective larvae (L3) in two experimental assays (A and B). In assay A, two treatments and one control were formed and kept for 7 days in Petri dishes with 2% water-agar. Each treatment consisted of 1000 H. contortus L3 and 1000 conidia of only one fungal isolate, and the control group consisted of 1000 L3, without fungus, with 10 repetitions per group. In assay B, 1000 conidia of one of the fungal isolates, AC001 or NF34a, were added to coprocultures made from 20 g of faeces collected from sheep naturally infected with H. contortus. At the end of the experiment, the Baermann method was used to count the non-predated larvae of all Petri dishes from treatment and control groups. In assay A, no difference was observed (P>0.05) between the groups treated with AC001 and NF34a fungi. A difference was observed (P < 0.05) between the treated and control groups. The L3 reduction percentages at the end of the experiment were 87.75 and 85.57%, respectively, for the fungal isolates compared to the control group. In assay B, the reduction percentages for conidia of these isolates were 85.82 and 87.32%, respectively. The results obtained show that D. flagrans (AC001) and M. thaumasium (NF34a) were effective in the in vitro control of sheep H. contortus L3 and could be used in the biological control of this nematode.

Download Full-text

In vitro predatory activity of the fungi Duddingtonia flagrans, Monacrosporium thaumasium, Monacrosporium sinense and Arthrobotrys robusta on Ancylostoma ceylanicum third-stage larvae

Veterinary Microbiology ◽

10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.05.003 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 146 (1-2) ◽

pp. 183-186 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Fabio R. Braga ◽

André R. Silva ◽

Rogério O. Carvalho ◽

Jackson V. Araújo ◽

Pedro Henrique G. Guimarães ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Duddingtonia Flagrans ◽

Ancylostoma Ceylanicum ◽

Predatory Activity ◽

Third Stage

Download Full-text

Predatory activity of nematophagus fungus Duddingtonia flagrans in infective larvae after gastrointestinal transit: biological control in pasture areas and in vitro

Journal of Helminthology ◽

10.1017/s0022149x21000195 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 95 ◽

Author(s):

Barbara Haline Buss Baiak ◽

Jennifer Mayara Gasparina ◽

Letícia Ianke ◽

Karolini Tenffen de Sousa ◽

Matheus Deniz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Biological Control ◽

Gastrointestinal Transit ◽

Treated Group ◽

Gastrointestinal Nematodes ◽

Control Group ◽

Duddingtonia Flagrans ◽

Predatory Activity ◽

Infective Larvae ◽

Pasture Area

Abstract Biological control is a strategy to decrease parasitic populations, and the action takes place through natural antagonists in the environment. We studied the predatory activity of the fungus Duddingtonia flagrans in infective larvae (L3) of gastrointestinal nematodes after gastrointestinal transit. Ten heifers were divided into two groups: treated (animals received pellets containing fungus) and control (animals received pellets without fungus). Twelve hours after administration, faeces samples were collected for in vitro efficacy tests. The animals then remained for 7 h in the experimental pasture area. At the end of this period, 20 faecal pads (ten treated and ten control) were selected at random. Pasture, faecal pad and soil collections occurred with an interval of 7 days, totalling four assessments. In vitro activity demonstrated that fungi effectively preyed on L3, achieving a reduction percentage of 88%. In the faecal pad of the pasture area, there was a difference (P < 0.05) between collections 3 and 4 for both groups; in the treated group a reduction of 65% was obtained, while in the control group there was an increase of 217% in the number of L3. The recovery of L3 in the soil and in the pasture was similar in both groups. There was no influence (P = 0.87) of the passage time on the fungus predatory activity. Duddingtonia flagrans demonstrated the ability to survive gastrointestinal transit in the animals, reducing the number of L3 in the faeces, indicating that this biological control has great potential in the control of worm infections.

Download Full-text

Atividade larvicida do extrato bruto enzimático do fungo Duddingtonia flagras sobre larvas de primeiro estádio de Angiostrongylus vasorum

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical ◽

10.1590/s0037-86822011000300024 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 44 (3) ◽

pp. 383-385 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Fabio Ribeiro Braga ◽

Juliana Milani Araujo ◽

Alexandre de Oliveira Tavela ◽

Jackson Victor de Araújo ◽

Filippe Elias de Freitas Soares ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Angiostrongylus Vasorum ◽

Duddingtonia Flagrans

INTRODUÇÃO: Angiostrongylus vasorum é um nematóide que parasita cães domésticos e eventualmente o homem. MÉTODOS: O objetivo deste trabalho foi observar a atividade predatória in vitro do extrato bruto enzimático do fungo Duddingtonia flagrans sobre larvas de primeiro estádio A. vasorum em condições laboratoriais no meio ágar-água 2%. RESULTADOS: Ao final do experimento, os percentuais de redução das L1 de A. vasorum observados foram de: 53,5% (24h) e 71,3% (48h) CONCLUSÕES: O extrato bruto enzimático do fungo D. flagrans destruiu in vitro as L1, podendo ser utilizado como controle biológico desse nematóide.

Download Full-text