scholarly journals Plant regulators and invertase activity in sugarcane at the beginning of the harvest season

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (10) ◽  
pp. 1788-1794 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glauber Henrique Pereira Leite ◽  
Carlos Alexandre ◽  
Costa Crusciol ◽  
Gabriela Ferraz de Siqueira ◽  
Marcelo de Almeida Silva
Keyword(s):  
Invertase Activity ◽  
Acid Invertase ◽  
Active Principle ◽  
Sugarcane Variety ◽  
Growth Inhibitors ◽  
Soluble Acid Invertase ◽  
Neutral Invertase ◽  
Soluble Acid ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
High Sucrose

Invertases play an essential role in partitioning photosynthates between storage and growth. The objective of this study was to evaluate the activity of acid and neutral invertases and the role they play in controlling the accumulation of sucrose in sugarcane as a result of the application of plant regulators in the beginning of the cropping season.A randomized block experimental design was adopted, with five replicates.The treatments consisted in the application of three plant regulators of the class of growth inhibitors (Sulfomethuron-methyl - 20g ha-1, Glyphosate - 0.4L ha-1, and Compounds from organic carboxylic radicals + Glyphosate - 1L ha-1 + 0.15L ha-1), in addition to a control (natural ripening).The acid and neutral invertase levels are affected in different ways and intensities, due to the active principle used as ripening agent and to the weather conditions.In sugarcane variety RB85-5453, with the conditions described in this experiment, it is suggested high levels of soluble acid invertase in relation to levels of neutral invertase; however, the first was characterized by high sucrose content in the stalks.Inverse correlation could be established for sugarcane variety RB85-5453 between soluble acid invertase levels and effective sucrose accumulation in the stalks.

scholarly journals Activities of Sucrose and Sorbitol Metabolizing Enzymes in Vegetative Sinks of Peach and Correlation with Sink Growth Rate

1999 ◽  
Vol 124 (4) ◽  
pp. 381-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riccardo Lo Bianco ◽  
Mark Rieger ◽  
She-Jean S. Sung
Keyword(s):  
Sucrose Synthase ◽  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Shoot Elongation ◽  
Elongation Rate ◽  
Acid Invertase ◽  
Metabolizing Enzymes ◽  
Soluble Acid Invertase ◽  
Neutral Invertase ◽  
Soluble Acid ◽  
Carbohydrate Catabolism

Terminal portions of `Flordaguard' peach roots [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] were divided into six segments and the activities of NAD+-dependent sorbitol dehydrogenase (SDH), sorbitol oxidase (SOX), sucrose synthase (SS), soluble acid invertase (AI), and soluble neutral invertase (NI) were measured in each segment 10, 15, and 20 days after seed germination. The same type of experiment was conducted with terminal portions of `Flordaguard' and `Nemaguard' peach shoots except that one of the six segments consisted of the leaflets surrounding the apex. Independent of the age of individual roots, activities of SDH and AI were consistently highest in the meristematic portion and decreased with tissue maturation. In shoots, AI was the most active enzyme in the elongating portion subtending the apex, whereas SDH was primarily associated with meristematic tissues. A positive correlation between SDH and AI activities was found in various developmental zones of roots (r = 0.96) and shoots (r = 0.90). Sorbitol and sucrose contents were low in roots regardless of distance from tip, while sucrose showed a decreasing trend with distance and sorbitol, fructose, and glucose increased with distance from the meristem in shoots. Activity of SDH in internodes, but not apices, correlated with shoot elongation rate of both cultivars, whereas activities of other enzymes did not correlate with shoot elongation rate. We conclude that AI and SDH are the predominant enzymes of carbohydrate catabolism and the best indicators of sink growth and development in vegetative sinks of peach.

Metabolic engineering of invertase activities in different subcellular compartments affects sucrose accumulation in sugarcane cells

2000 ◽  
Vol 27 (11) ◽  
pp. 1021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongmei Ma ◽  
Henrik H. Albert ◽  
Robert Paull ◽  
Paul H. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Fold Increase ◽  
Saccharum Officinarum ◽  
Invertase Activity ◽  
Acid Invertase ◽  
Sucrose Accumulation ◽  
Sugar Composition ◽  
Transgenic Sugarcane ◽  
Soluble Acid Invertase ◽  
Invertase Gene ◽  
Soluble Acid

Transgenic sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) lines were created to express altered invertase isoform activity to elucidate the role(s) of invertase in the sucrose accumulation process. A sugarcane soluble acid invertase cDNA (SCINVm, AF062734) in the antisense orientation was used to decrease invertase activity. The Saccharomyces cerevisiae invertase gene (SUC2), fused with appropriate targeting elements, was used to increase invertase activity in the apoplast, cytoplasm and vacuole. A callus/liquid culture system was established to evaluate change in invertase activity and sugar concentration in the transgenic lines. Increased invertase activity in the apoplast led to rapid hydrolysis of sucrose and rapid increase of hexose in the medium. The cellular hexose content increased dramatically and the sucrose level decreased. Cells with higher cytoplasmic invertase activity did not show a significant change in the sugar composition in the medium, but did significantly reduce the sucrose content in the cells. Transformation with the sugarcane antisense acid invertase gene produced a cell line with moderate inhibition of soluble acid invertase activity and a 2-fold increase in sucrose accumulation. Overall, intracellular and extracellular sugar composition was very sensitive to the change in invertase activities. Lowering acid invertase activity increased sucrose accumulation.

scholarly journals Levels and Role of Sucrose Synthase, Sucrose-phosphate Synthase, and Acid Invertase in Sucrose Accumulation in Fruit of Asian Pear

1992 ◽  
Vol 117 (2) ◽  
pp. 274-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takaya Moriguchi ◽  
Kazuyuki Abe ◽  
Tetsuro Sanada ◽  
Shohei Yamaki
Keyword(s):  
Sucrose Synthase ◽  
Sucrose Phosphate Synthase ◽  
Invertase Activity ◽  
Acid Invertase ◽  
Sucrose Accumulation ◽  
Sucrose Content ◽  
Soluble Acid Invertase ◽  
Asian Pear ◽  
Soluble Acid ◽  
Sucrose Phosphate

Soluble sugar content and activities of the sucrose-metabolizing enzymes sucrose synthase (SS) (EC 2.4.1.13), sucrose-phosphate synthase (SPS) (EC 2.4.1.14), and acid invertase (EC 2.4.1.26) were analyzed in the pericarp of fruit from pear cultivars that differed in their potential to accumulate sucrose to identify key enzymes involved in sucrose accumulation in Asian pears. The Japanese pear `Chojuro' [Pyrus pyrifolia (Burro. f.) Nakai] was characterized as a high-sucrose-accumulating type based on the analysis of mature fruit, while the Chinese pear `Yali' (P. bretschneideri Rehd.) was a low-sucrose-accumulating type throughout all developmental stages. The activity of SS and SPS in `Chojuro' increased during maturation concomitant with sucrose accumulation, whereas the activity of these enzymes in `Yali' did not increase during maturation. The activity of SS and SPS in the former were seven and four times, respectively, higher than those in the latter at the mature stage. Further, among 23 pear cultivars, SS activity was closely correlated with sucrose content, while SPS activity was weakly correlated. Soluble acid invertase activity in `Chojuro' and `Yali' decreased with fruit maturation, but the relationships between soluble invertase activity and sucrose content were not significant. The results indicate that SS and SPS are important determinants of sucrose accumulation in Asian pear fruit and that a decrease of soluble acid invertase activity is not absolutely required for sucrose accumulation.

scholarly journals 746 PB 102 DIFFERENCES IN SUCROSE METABOLISM RELATIVE TO ACCUMULATION OF BIRD-DETERRENT SUCROSE LEVELS IN FRUIT OF VACCINIUM SPECIES

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 540a-540
Author(s):  
R.L. Darnell ◽  
R. Cano-Medrano ◽  
K.E. Koch
Keyword(s):  
Sucrose Concentration ◽  
Sucrose Phosphate Synthase ◽  
Invertase Activity ◽  
Sucrose Accumulation ◽  
Ripe Fruit ◽  
Soluble Acid Invertase ◽  
Apparent Correlation ◽  
Soluble Acid ◽  
High Sucrose ◽  
Sucrose Phosphate

Variability in sucrose levels and metabolism in ripe fruit of several Vaccinium species were examined. The objective was to determine if sufficient variability for fruit sucrose accumulation was present in existing populations to warrant attempts to breed for high-sucrose fruit, which potentially would be less subject to bird predation. Three-fold differences in fruit sucrose concentration were found among species, ranging from 19 to 24 mg·(g fw)-1 in V. stamineum and V. arboreum to about 7 mg·(g fw)-1 in cultivated blueberry (V. ashei and V. corymbosum) and V. darrowi. Soluble acid invertase activity was negatively correlated with fruit sucrose concentration. There was no apparent correlation between fruit sugar concentration and either sucrose phosphate synthase or sucrose synthase activities, both of which were low for all species studied. The degree of variability in fruit sucrose accumulation among Vaccinium species supports the feasibility of developing high sucrose fruit, which would be a potentially valuable addition to current strategies of minimizing crop losses to birds.

Relationship between sucrose accumulation and activities of sucrose-phosphatase, sucrose synthase, neutral invertase and soluble acid invertase in micropropagated sugarcane plants

2002 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 441-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico A. Gutiérrez-Miceli ◽  
Martha A. Rodríguez-Mendiola ◽  
Neftalí Ochoa-Alejo ◽  
Ricardo Méndez-Salas ◽  
Luc Dendooven ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sucrose Synthase ◽  
Acid Invertase ◽  
Sucrose Accumulation ◽  
Soluble Acid Invertase ◽  
Neutral Invertase ◽  
Soluble Acid

Differential expression of soluble acid invertase genes in the shoots of high-sucrose and low-sucrose species of Saccharum and their hybrids

2000 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun J. Zhu ◽  
Henrik H. Albert ◽  
Paul H. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Threshold Level ◽  
Hydrolytic Activity ◽  
Acid Invertase ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Developmentally Regulated ◽  
Soluble Acid Invertase ◽  
Soluble Acid ◽  
The Difference ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
High Sucrose

The hydrolytic activity of soluble acid invertase (SAI) is strongly correlated to sucrose accumulation in sugarcane (Saccharum spp.). Plants exhibiting SAI activity above a low threshold level do not accumulate high concentrations of sucrose. The present work investigates the basis for the difference in SAI activity observed between high- and low-sucrose-accumulating sugarcane lines. SAI-encoding cDNAs were isolated from two high- and one low-sucrose lines. All of these cDNAs were highly similar, with deduced proteins at least 98% identical. Expression of SAI in the stem of sugarcane was developmentally regulated, with relatively larger pools of SAI protein and mRNA in the apex and young internodes, which declined rapidly in the maturing internodes where sucroseaccumulation occurs. This developmental pattern, while qualitatively similar, was quantitatively quite different between low- and high-sucrose lines. SAI protein and mRNA pools started substantially higher, declined later, and stabilized at a significantly higher level in a low-sucrose line than in a high-sucrose line. These data indicate that differences in SAI activity between high- and low-sucrose sugarcane lines are due, at least in part, to differences inthe level of expression of essentially identical SAI genes.

Activity of sucrose synthase and soluble acid invertase following germination of pinyon (Pinusedulis) seeds

1992 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 442-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Brad Murphy ◽  
Mark R. Rutter ◽  
Mark F. Hammer
Keyword(s):  
Sucrose Synthase ◽  
Close Association ◽  
Invertase Activity ◽  
Acid Invertase ◽  
Soluble Acid Invertase ◽  
Radicle Emergence ◽  
Soluble Acid ◽  
Starch Conversion ◽  
High Degree

The developmental pattern and relative activities of sucrose synthase (EC 2.4.1.13) and soluble acid invertase (EC 3.2.1.26), and the associated contents of sucrose and hexoses, were analyzed in the cotyledons, hypocotyl, and radicle of pinyon (Pinusedulis Engelm.) seedlings following radicle emergence. Sucrose synthase activity did not appear to be correlated with organ growth, but showed a close association with sucrose content. Conversely, there was a high degree of correlation between soluble acid invertase activity and growth of the various organs. Hexose content also was correlated with the level of invertase activity. Thus, soluble acid invertase appeared to be directly involved in providing respiratory and biosynthetic substrates in growing organs, while the role of sucrose synthase was less clear, being more active in tissues that are involved in sucrose import and transport and possibly sucrose to starch conversion.

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