scholarly journals The taxonomic status of Phlebotomus oliverioi (Diptera, Psychodidae) and a lectotype designation for Psathyromyia brasiliensis

2014 ◽  
Vol 104 (4) ◽  
pp. 426-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrey J. de Andrade ◽  
Paloma H. F. Shimabukuro ◽  
Eunice A. B. Galati
Keyword(s):  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Junior Synonym ◽  
Zoological Nomenclature ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
International Code

Phlebotomus oliverioi Barretto & Coutinho, 1941 was originally described based only on the male holotype and has since been considered junior-synonym of Psathyromyia brasiliensis (Costa Lima, 1932). The study of the holotype of Ph. oliverioi allowed us to conclude that the head of this specimen belongs to the genus Psychodopygus and the wings, thorax and abdomen belong to a different species of Psathyromyia. Thus, Ph. oliverioi is a not valid species, and must be removed from the synonym and excluded from the provisions of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (Articles 17.2 and 23.8). The specimen was measured, drawn, photographed and the morphological characters are discussed. Lectotype and paralectotypes to Pa. brasiliensis are designated.

Unraveling a 150 years old controversy: Calamoichthys Smith, 1866 is the valid name for the African Reedfish (Cladistii: Polypteriformes), with comments about the availability of involuntarily proposed zoological names

Bionomina ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
PEDRO P. RIZZATO ◽  
FLAVIO A. BOCKMANN
Keyword(s):  
Junior Synonym ◽  
Zoological Nomenclature ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
International Code ◽  
Monotypic Genus ◽  
New Name

We readdress the controversy about the valid generic name to be applied to the African Reedfish, a species from a monotypic genus that, along with the eleven valid species of Polypterus Lacepède, 1803, comprises the known extant diversity of the order Polypteriformes. The initial conflict was established due to the inadequate replacement of the name Erpetoichthys, wrongly assumed preoccupied, by Calamoichthys, combined with the desynchronization between the sequence in which Smith’s accounts with descriptions and nomenclatural acts about the Reedfish were written and submitted for publication, and the sequence in which they were actually published/distributed. The controversy seemed to be settled in the 1980s by the finding of an earlier report published in an Edinburgh’s newspaper in 1865, in which the name Erpetoichthys was used prior to all scientific accounts by Smith. However, we demonstrate that this report cannot be considered to contain a valid nomenclatural act according to the regulations of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. Therefore, we undertook a detailed study to reconstruct the sequence of publication of Smith’s accounts on the Reedfish, whose correct dates of publication/distribution had not been properly established yet, to settle down once and for all the dilemma about the precedence of these names. Our conclusion is that Calamoichthys Smith, 1866a is the valid generic name to be applied to the Reedfish, and Erpetoichthys Smith, 1866a, its junior synonym, represents a name published in synonymy but later made available by Smith himself. We use the nomenclatural example of the Reedfish, as well as other cases from the literature, to draw attention to the fact that, in agreement with Article 8.1.1 of the Code, zoological names are available only when there is an unequivocal intention by their authors to scientifically describe them, even if other requirements of the Code are met. When this Article is not met in a given situation, the name is considered unavailable and an available one should be set in place for the taxon, or a new name should be proposed.

scholarly journals One name to rule them all: Belinurus trilobitoides (Buckland, ) is senior synonym to fourteen named species

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
James C. Lamsdell
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Junior Synonym ◽  
International Commission ◽  
Zoological Nomenclature ◽  
International Code ◽  
Senior Synonym ◽  
Horseshoe Crabs ◽  
The Subject

One of the oldest fossil horseshoe crabs figured in the literature is Entomolithus lunatus Martin, 1809, a Carboniferous species included in his Petrificata Derbiensia. While the species has generally been included within the genus Belinurus Bronn, 1839, it was recently used as the type species of the new genus Parabelinurus Lamsdell, 2020. However, recent investigation as to the appropriate authority for Belinurus (see Lamsdell and Clapham, 2021) revealed that all the names in Petrificata Derbiensia were suppressed in Opinion 231 of the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature (1954) for being consistently nonbinomial under Article 11.4 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) (International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature, 1999). Despite the validation of several species names for anthozoans, brachiopods, and cephalopods described in Petrificata Derbiensia in subsequent rulings (International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature, 1956a, b), Belinurus lunatus has not been the subject of any subsequent Commission ruling or opinion, and so its use in Petrificata Derbiensia remains suppressed. The Belinurus lunatus species name was used in several subsequent publications during the 1800s, none of which made the name available under ICZN article 11.5; Parkinson (1811) is also suppressed for being nonbinomial, while Woodward (1830), Buckland (1837), Bronn (1839), and Baily (1859) refer to the species only as a synonym of Belinurus trilobitoides (Buckland, 1837) through citation to the suppressed Pretificata Derbiensia. The first author to make Belinurus lunatus an available name was Baldwin (1905), who used the name in reference to a new figured specimen from Sparth Bottoms, Rochdale, UK, but again as an explicit junior synonym of Belinurus trilobitoides (Buckland, 1837). Therefore, it was not until Eller (1938) treated B. lunatus as a distinct species from B. trilobitoides that B. lunatus became an available name as per ICZN Article 11.6.1 under the authorship of Baldwin (1905) following ICZN Article 50.7.

A reappraisal of Bufo levicristatus Boettger, 1885 (Anura: Bufonidae), a long forgotten toad from Paraguay

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5023 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-130
Author(s):  
MARTÍN O. PEREYRA ◽  
KONSTANTIN D. MILTO ◽  
FRANCISCO BRUSQUETTI ◽  
FRANCISCO KOLENC ◽  
DIEGO BALDO
Keyword(s):  
Junior Synonym ◽  
Zoological Nomenclature ◽  
International Code ◽  
Present Evidence ◽  
Senior Synonym

In this work, we show that Bufo levicristatus Boettger, 1885 is a senior synonym of Bufo scitulus Caramaschi & Niemeyer, 2003, and not a junior synonym of Bufo ornatus Spix, 1824, as previously considered. In addition, we present evidence that Bufo scitulus Caramaschi & Niemeyer, 2003 complies with the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature requirements for a reversal of precedence over the name Bufo levicristatus Boettger, 1885, and so the name Bufo scitulus is to be maintained for this species.  

Uncovering Neotropical treefrog diversity: integrative taxonomy reveal paraphyly in Boana atlantica (Amphibia, Anura, Hylidae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 511-521
Author(s):  
Luana Rodrigues Lima ◽  
Marcos Jorge Matias Dubeux ◽  
Filipe Augusto Cavalcanti do Nascimento ◽  
Daniel Pacheco Bruschi ◽  
Tamí Mott
Keyword(s):  
Strong Support ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Nucleolar Organizer ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Integrative Taxonomy ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Nucleolar Organizer Regions ◽  
Candidate Species ◽  
Species Being

Abstract Boana atlantica was described based on morphological characters to acommodate populations from Bahia state, Brazil, previously referred to as B. punctata. However, its taxonomic validity is questionable due to inconsistencies in bioacoustic data. Here, we integrate molecular, cytogenetic and morphological data to re-evaluate the taxonomic status of B. atlantica. Molecular analyses provided strong support for the hypothesis that B. atlantica is a valid species, being, however, nominal populations from Bahia state paraphyletic with respect to individuals of B. atlantica collected in Alagoas and Pernambuco states. These populations shown high genetic divergence in the 16S rRNA mitochondrial fragment, and we consider populations from Alagoas and Pernambuco as a putative new candidate species of Boana punctata group. The external and internal morphology of the tadpoles of these lineages were similar, but Nucleolar Organizer Regions (NOR) was sited in different chromosomes. Our results indicate that B. atlantica is paraphyletic and may be a complex of species. Morphological of adult and/or bioacoustical data should be further assessed to find diagnostic characters to tease these lineages apart and name them properly.

The taxonomic status of the phytosaurs (Archosauriformes) Machaeroprosopus and Pseudopalatus from the Late Triassic of the western United States

2012 ◽  
Vol 103 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 265-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
William G. Parker ◽  
Axel Hungerbühler ◽  
Jeffrey W. Martz
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Type Specimen ◽  
Western United States ◽  
Late Triassic ◽  
Zoological Nomenclature ◽  
Nominal Species ◽  
International Code ◽  
Primary Literature

ABSTRACTThe genus Machaeroprosopus has long been considered invalid because the type specimen of the Late Triassic phytosaur species, M. validus, has been lost. Re-examination of the primary literature regarding the establishment of the Late Triassic phytosaur genus Machaeroprosopus demonstrates that M. buceros is the correct type species, not M. validus. Thus, the genus level name Machaeroprosopus has priority over the genera Pseudopalatus and Arribasuchus and all nominal species should be reassigned. Reassignment of these species to Machaeroprosopus satisfies the requirements of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) and preserves historical context. The name Pseudopalatinae is retained as the valid clade name for these phytosaurs because its usage falls outside of the ICZN.

Nomenclatural clarification on some Southern African monkey beetle genera (Scarabaeidae: Hopliini: Pachycnemina)

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4543 (1) ◽  
pp. 137
Author(s):  
MARIO CUPELLO ◽  
CIBELE STRAMARE RIBEIRO-COSTA
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Junior Synonym ◽  
Zoological Nomenclature ◽  
International Code ◽  
Current Usage

After an extensive revision of the literature, we come to the following conclusions concerning the nomenclature of Southern African monkey beetles of the subtribe Pachycnemina: firstly, the current usage of the nominal subgenus Pachycnemula Schein, 1959 for a subgenus taxon different from Pachycnema s. str. Le Peletier de Saint-Fargeau & Audinet-Serville, 1828 is incorrect since both names share the same type species—Melolontha crassipes Fabricius, 1775—and are therefore objective synonyms. Hence, here we invalidate Pachycnemula and establish the new nominal subgenus Macacoplia Cupello & Ribeiro-Costa to denote the subgenus taxon currently known as Pachycnema (Pachycnemula). Secondly, we discuss the different spellings of the nominal genus Lepithrix Le Peletier de Saint-Fargeau & Audinet-Serville, 1828, which was originally established as Lepitrix but emended to Lepithrix in 1913 by Dalla Torre. Although originally an unjustified emendation, the Lepithrix spelling is currently in prevailing usage and therefore should be deemed a justified emendation according to Article 33.2.3.1 of the current edition of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. That being so, it becomes necessary to acknowledge the homonymy between Lepithrix Le Peletier de Saint-Fargeau & Audinet-Serville and its junior homonym Lepithrix Neitner, 1857, current junior synonym of Loxoncus Schmidt-Göbel, 1846 (Carabidae: Harpalinae: Harpalini: Stenolophina). 

scholarly journals The Argasidae, Ixodidae and Nuttalliellidae (Acari: Ixodida) of the world: a list of valid species names

Zootaxa ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2528 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALBERTO A. GUGLIELMONE ◽  
RICHARD G. ROBBINS ◽  
DMITRY A. APANASKEVICH ◽  
TREVOR N. PETNEY ◽  
AGUSTÍN ESTRADA-PEÑA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zoological Nomenclature ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
International Code ◽  
Genus Level ◽  
Single Entity ◽  
The World

This work is intended as a consensus list of valid tick names, following recent revisionary studies, wherein we recognize 896 species of ticks in 3 families. The Nuttalliellidae is monotypic, containing the single entity Nuttalliella namaqua. The Argasidae consists of 193 species, but there is widespread disagreement concerning the genera in this family, and fully 133 argasids will have to be further studied before any consensus can be reached on the issue of genus-level classification. The Ixodidae comprises 702 species in 14 genera: Amblyomma (130 species, of which 17 were formerly included in Aponomma, a genus that is still considered valid by some authors), Anomalohimalaya (3), Bothriocroton (7, all previously included in Aponomma), Cosmiomma (1), Cornupalpatum (1), Compluriscutula (1), Dermacentor (34, including the single member of the former genus Anocentor, which is still considered valid by some authors), Haemaphysalis (166), Hyalomma (27), Ixodes (243), Margaropus (3), Nosomma (2), Rhipicentor (2) and Rhipicephalus (82, including 5 species from the former genus Boophilus, which is still considered valid by some authors). We regard six names as invalid: Amblyomma laticaudae Warburton, 1933 is a synonym of Amblyomma nitidum Hirst & Hirst, 1910; Bothriocroton decorosum (Koch, 1867) is a synonym of B. undatum (Fabricius, 1775); Haemaphysalis vietnamensis Hoogstraal & Wilson, 1966 is a synonym of H. colasbelcouri (Santos Dias, 1958); Haemaphysalis xinjiangensis Teng, 1980 is a synonym of H. danieli Č erný & Hoogstraal, 1977; Hyalomma erythraeum Tonelli-Rondelli, 1932 is a synonym of H. impeltatum Schulze and Schlottke, 1930 and Rhipicephalus hoogstraali Kolonin, 2009 was not described according to the rules of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature.

The identity of Félix de Azara’s “Alondras” and implications for Neotropical pipit nomenclature (Aves, Motacillidae: Anthus)

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4942 (1) ◽  
pp. 118-126
Author(s):  
PAUL SMITH ◽  
ROB P. CLAY
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Junior Synonym ◽  
Zoological Nomenclature ◽  
International Code ◽  
Seminal Work ◽  
Current Usage ◽  
Andean South America ◽  
Respective Species

Félix de Azara described five species of “Alondra” in his seminal work on birds of Paraguay in 1805. Two of these are pipits Anthus: No. 146 Alondra Chií and No. 147 Alondra Correndera. Vieillot (1818) then formally described the two based entirely on Azaraʼs descriptions, respectively Anthus chii and Anthus correndera. The former has long been considered unidentifiable, though it has also been used frequently as a valid name for the Yellowish Pipit Anthus lutescens. The latter of the two names has been in valid usage since its description for the Correndera Pipit A. correndera of southern and Andean South America. In this paper we confirm that the description of No. 146 Alondra Chií is clearly identifiable and Anthus chii is the valid name for the Yellowish Pipit under the Principle of Priority, and Anthus turdinus of Merrem is a junior synonym of it. The description No. 147 Alondra Correndera is shown to refer to Ochre-breasted Pipit A. nattereri and not A. correndera as currently understood. However, the two names have been in constant usage for their respective species since their description, and thus we designate a neotype of the Correndera Pipit for current A. correndera under Article 75.6 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature to conserve current usage and avoid unnecessary nomenclatural confusion. 

Resolving phylogenetic and classical nomenclature: A Revision of Canarium Schumacher, 1817 (Mollusca, Neostromboidae, Strombidae)

The Festivus ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-43
Author(s):  
Virgilio Liverani ◽  
Aart Dekkers ◽  
Stephen Maxwell
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Likelihood ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Zoological Nomenclature ◽  
International Code ◽  
Phylogenetic Nomenclature

This revision of the genus Canarium Schumacher, 1817 after Abbott (1960) advances our understanding of the phylogeny of Strombidae. Morphological characters were used to generate a phylogeny using maximum likelihood and including all of the recognised species. This resulted in the recognition of one tree, and within that tree the existing genera Canarium Schumacher, 1817 Tridentarius Kronenberg & Vermeij, 2002 and Terestrombus Kronenberg & Vermeij, 2002, and two more Maculastrombus n. gen. and Neostrombus n. gen. were recognisable clades. Furthermore, within the genus Canarium, four subgenera, Canarium (Canarium), Canarium (Conundrum), Canarium (Elegantum), and Canarium (Stereostrombus), were identified and described. We describe and define taxa that are compatible with the requirements of the International Code of Phylogenetic Nomenclature (PhyloCode 2020), and also conform to the requirements of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN 1999). This revision assists in generating a system of nomenclature that reflects the hypothetical relationships, and is at the same time practical in its application. We designate type localities and types for included species that were not yet addressed up until now.

Taxonomic re-evaluation of the status of Draco cornutus Günther, 1864 (Reptilia: Agamidae)

1999 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masanao Honda ◽  
Hoi-Sen Yong ◽  
Mari Kobayashi ◽  
Tsutomu Hikida ◽  
Hidetoshi Ota
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Dna Sequence ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Junior Synonym ◽  
Diagnostic Character ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Mitochondrial Dna Sequence ◽  
The Status

AbstractThe taxonomic status of the flying lizard, Draco curnutus Günther, 1864, recently frequently regarded as a junior synonym of D. volans Linnaeus, 1758, is reassessed. Our field observations in Borneo confirmed sympatric occurrence of two morphotypes of D. volans sensu lato, one of which showed a diagnostic character of D. cornutus. The two morphotypes also differ from each other in live coloration, allozyme pattern and mitochondrial DNA sequence. From these results, it is concluded that D. curnutus is a valid species.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document