scholarly journals In vitro regeneration and flowering of Portulaca grandiflora Hook

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 443-449 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Fernandes Cruz ◽  
Wolffe Ferreira dos Santos ◽  
Claudinei da Silva Souza ◽  
Marcelo Dias Machado ◽  
Ilio Fealho de Carvalho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Adventitious Shoots ◽  
Ornamental Plant ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Flower Buds ◽  
Floral Buds ◽  
Explant Source ◽  
Portulaca Grandiflora ◽  
Ornamental Species

Abstract P. grandiflora is a known ornamental plant with abundant flowering. The flowers exhibit varied coloration with distinct forms and simple folded petals and/or multiple. The objective of this work was to induce regeneration via organogenesis and in vitro flowering of P. grandiflora. Nodal segments of seedlings germinated in vitro were used as explant source for regeneration. Kinetin (KIN) and 6-Benzylaminopurine (BA) were used for the induction of organogenesis. The treatments supplemented with 1.0 and 1.5 mg L−1 BA induced the highest number of adventitious shoots with an average number of 7.0 (±1.55) e 5.4 (±0.83), respectively. The microcuttings obtained from regenerated shoots produced floral buds. The floral buds were located in the axillary and terminal regions of the microcuttings and developed in approximately 10 days of cultivation until the anthesis. The highest number of flower buds was observed in the presence of 0.75 mg L−1 of gibberellic acid. This study opens new perspectives for the establishment of biotechnological tools to be applied for this important ornamental species.

scholarly journals 324 An in Vitro Regeneration System for Mass Production of Daylily (Hemerocallis fulva L.)

HortScience ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 448A-448
Author(s):  
Johnny Carter ◽  
Seema Dhir
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Mass Production ◽  
Somatic Embryos ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Regeneration System ◽  
Flower Buds ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Explant Source ◽  
Bud Size

A plant regeneration protocol has been successfully developed to mass propagate daylilies. Experiments were conducted to determine source (BA, KN, and ZT) and concentration (0, 1.0, 2.0, and 3.0 mg/L) of cytokinins and sugars (glucose, surcose, and maltose) to be used in the medium. Studies were also conducted to determine the influence of flower bud size (5, 10, 15, and 20 mm) as explant source. Based on results from these studies a protocol for propagating daylilies was developed. The procedure involved using filament explants from daylily flower buds ranging in sizes from 5 to 10 mm. The filaments when cultured on MS+BAP (3.0 mg/L)+ IAA (0.5 mg/L) medium,formed globular somatic embryos in 4 weeks. Complete plants were regenerated within a period of 6 to 7 months. Upon acclimatization, 100% of the tissue culture generated raised plants survived under greenhouse conditions.

scholarly journals Ultrastructural calli analysis of Inga vera Willd. subsp. Affinis (DC.) T.D. Penn

2010 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 789-796 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Cristina Stein ◽  
Renato Paiva ◽  
Daiane Peixoto Vargas ◽  
Fernanda Pereira Soares ◽  
Eduardo Alves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Cell Development ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Nodal Segment ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Flower Buds ◽  
Embryo Formation ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Explant Source

Subcellular changes are relevant to understand plant organogenesis and embryogenesis in the early stages of cell development. The cytology during cell development in tissue culture is however still poorly characterized. This study aimed to characterize the ultrastructural differences related to callogenesis of anthers, ovaries, leaf and nodal segments of Inga vera Willd. subsp. Affinis (DC.) T.D. Penn. Flower buds, nodal segments and leaves were disinfected and inoculated in test tubes containing MS medium with 3% sucrose and 4.5µM 2.4-D, except for leaf callogenesis, where 9µM of this auxin was used, and for the callogenesis of anthers and ovaries, where the culture medium was enriched with 0.25% activated charcoal and 90µM PVP. After 45 days in culture medium, the anther, ovary, leaf and nodal segment calli were fixed in Karnovisky and prepared for visualization by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Ultrastructural differences were observed among the callus cells of anthers, ovaries, segments and leaves. There was no evidence of somatic embryo formation in the anther, leaf and nodal segment calli, in spite of some embryogenic characteristics in the cells. The ovary calli, with indications of embryo formation, seem to be the most responsive explant source for embryogenesis.

scholarly journals Types and concentrations of cytokinins in the micropropagation of Anthurium maricense

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 117
Author(s):  
Cecília Moreira Serafim ◽  
Arlene Santisteban Campos ◽  
Priscila Bezerra Dos Santos Melo ◽  
Ana Cecília Ribeiro de Castro ◽  
Ana Cristina Portugal Pinto de Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Nodal Segment ◽  
Viable Option ◽  
Growth Room ◽  
In Vitro Induction

Faced with the demand for plants potted for their foliage, Anthurium maricense is seen as a viable option. However, most of the studies on obtaining micropropagated plantlets are for A. andraeanum, with nothing yet reported for A. maricense. The aim of this study therefore, was to evaluate the effect of four cytokinins in different concentrations, on the in vitro induction of shoots from nodal segments of A. maricense. The experimental design was completely randomised in a 4 x 4 factorial scheme, with four cytokinins (BAP, ZEA, CIN and 2iP) and 4 concentrations (0, 2.22, 4.44 and 6.66 μM), for a total of 16 treatments, with 6 replications of five test tubes, and using one nodal segment. Cultures were kept in a growth room at 25 ± 2°C, a photoperiod of 16 h and a light intensity of 30 μmolm-2 s-1 for 60 days. After this period, the number of shoots formed per node was evaluated. The addition of a cytokinin to the culture medium was determinant for the in vitro regeneration of shoots in A. maricense. The greatest estimated number of shoot formations in A. maricense were obtained in the culture media containing ZEA (3.87) and BAP (3.30), both at concentration of 6.66 μM.

scholarly journals Silver nanoparticles induce genetic, biochemical, and phenotype variation in chrysanthemum

2020 ◽  
Vol 143 (2) ◽  
pp. 331-344
Author(s):  
Alicja Tymoszuk ◽  
Dariusz Kulus
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Adventitious Shoots ◽  
Issr Markers ◽  
Phenotype Variation ◽  
Inter Simple Sequence Repeats ◽  
Tremendous Progress ◽  
Genetic Level ◽  
User Friendly

Abstract Despite the tremendous progress in breeding, novel and user-friendly techniques of plant improvement are desirable. The study aimed to analyze the usefulness of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in the breeding of chrysanthemum: one of the top ornamental plant species. In vitro regeneration of adventitious shoots from internodes of chrysanthemum ‘Lilac Wonder’ was induced on the modified Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 0.6 mg L−1 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), 2 mg L−1 indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and AgNPs at 0, 5, 10 and 20 ppm concentration. The efficiency of callogenesis and caulogenesis were analyzed after 10 weeks of culture. The concentration of chlorophylls, carotenoids, and phenolic compounds in shoots and calli were estimated. Plants obtained from 20 ppm AgNPs treatment were additionally analyzed on the genetic level using randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and inter simple sequence repeats (ISSR) markers. In vitro rooted shoots were acclimatized in the glasshouse and subjected to biochemical and phenotype stability evaluation. AgNPs at the highest concentration (20 ppm) suppressed both callogenesis and caulogenesis in vitro. The concentration of metabolites in callus was stable, regardless of AgNPs treatment, except for carotenoids which production was enhanced by 20 ppm AgNPs. In contrast, the content of chlorophyll a and b in shoots varied depending on AgNPs treatment. Polymorphic loci were detected in 12 and 9 AgNPs-treated-plants by RAPD and ISSR markers, respectively (one of which was common to both marker systems). Rooting and acclimatization were fully successful in all experimental combinations. Phenotype alternations were detected in six plants; one from 10 ppm AgNPs treatment and five from 20 ppm treatment. They included variation in pigment content (anthocyanins and carotenoids) and/or inflorescence shape. Interestingly, only two plants revealed both genetic and phenotype polymorphisms. No genetic or phenotype variation was detected in the control plants. In conclusion, AgNPs can be used in chrysanthemum breeding.

scholarly journals In vitro regeneration protocol of Rauvolfia serpentina L.

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Khan ◽  
TA Banu ◽  
S Akter ◽  
B Goswami ◽  
M Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Multiple Shoot ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Root Induction ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Regeneration System ◽  
Rauvolfia Serpentina ◽  
Number Of Shoots

An efficient in vitro regeneration system was developed for Rauvolfia serpentina L. through direct and indirect organogenesis from nodal and leaf explants. Among the different growth regulators, MS medium supplemented with 2.0 mg/l BAP, 0.5mg/l IAA and 0.02mg/l NAA found best for the multiple shoot formation from nodal segments. In this combination 98% explants produced multiple shoots and the average number of shoots per explants is 13∙4. The frequency of callus induction and multiple shoot induction from leaves was highest 88% in MS medium supplemented with 2.0 mg/l BAP, where mean number of shoots/explants was 12.5. The highest frequency of root induction (80%) and mean number of roots/plantlets (10) were obtained on half strength of MS medium containing 0.2 mg/l IBA. The rooted plantlets were transferred for hardening following acclimatization and finally were successfully established in the field.Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res.53(2), 133-138, 2018

scholarly journals Regeneration of Plants from Apical Meristem Tips and Nodal Segments of Arachis pintoi

2003 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Y. Rey ◽  
L. A. Mroginski
Keyword(s):  
Apical Meristem ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Regeneration Potential ◽  
Arachis Pintoi ◽  
Solid Media ◽  
One Step

Abstract The in vitro regeneration potential of shoot apical tips (2 to 3 mm in length), meristems (0.3 to 0.5 mm in length), and nodal segments (4 to 7 mm long with an axillary bud) of diploid (2n = 2x = 20) and triploid (2n = 3x = 30) cytotypes of Arachis pintoi was evaluated. Explants were cultured on MS medium supplemented with different concentrations and combinations of naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and benzyladenine (BA). In one experiment the effect of gibberellic acid was tested. The cultures were done in liquid and solid media. Plant regeneration can be readily achieved from all explants in one step of 30 d culture on MS + 0.01 mg/L each of NAA and BA or two steps consisting of 1) shoots regeneration through culture of explants on MS + 0.01 mg/L each of NAA and BA, and 2) induction of rooting in regenerated shoots by reculture on MS + 0.01 mg/L NAA. The plantlets were successfully transferred to pots in a greenhouse.

scholarly journals Adventitious Shoot Regeneration from In Vitro Leaf Explants of the Peach Rootstock Hansen 536

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 755
Author(s):  
Angela Ricci ◽  
Luca Capriotti ◽  
Bruno Mezzetti ◽  
Oriano Navacchi ◽  
Silvia Sabbadini
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Adventitious Shoots ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Adventitious Shoot ◽  
Shoot Cultures ◽  
Efficient System ◽  
Regeneration Rate ◽  
Factors Affecting

In the present study, an efficient system for the in vitro regeneration of adventitious shoots from the peach rootstock Hansen 536 leaves has been established. Twenty regeneration media containing McCown Woody Plant Medium (WPM) as a basal salt supplemented with different concentrations and combinations of plant growth regulators (PGRs) were tested. Expanded leaves along with their petiole from 3-week-old elongated in vitro shoot cultures were used as starting explants. The highest regeneration rate (up to 53%) was obtained on WPM basal medium enriched with 15.5 μM N6-benzylaminopurine (BAP). The influences on leaf regeneration of the ethylene inhibitor silver thiosulphate (STS) and of different combinations of antibiotics added to the optimized regeneration medium were also investigated. The use of 10 μM STS or carbenicillin (238 μM) combined with cefotaxime (210 μM) significantly increased the average number of regenerating shoots per leaf compared to the control. In vitro shoots were finally elongated, rooted and successfully acclimatized in the greenhouse. The results achieved in this study advances the knowledge on factors affecting leaf organogenesis in Prunus spp., and the regeneration protocol described looks promising for the optimization of new genetic transformation procedures in Hansen 536 and other peach rootstocks and cultivars.

scholarly journals In vitro regeneration protocol for artificial seed production in an important medicinal plant Mentha arvensis L

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 99-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
MS Islam ◽  
MA Bari
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Mentha Arvensis ◽  
Artificial Seed ◽  
Artificial Seed Production

Context: The application of encapsulated shoot tips and nodal segments may contribute to the protection of rare and threatened medicinal plants. Although the artificial seed technique has been reported for more than two decades, for medicinal plants this method has not been developed sufficiently. The main limitations in conventional propagation of some species with medicinal value are: reduced endosperm, low germination rate and seedless varieties. The above mentioned reasons indicate the need for the production of artificial seeds as a technique which combines the advantages of clonal multiplication with those of seed propagation and storage. Objectives: The objective of the present investigation was to standardize artificial seed production technology taking shoot tip and nodal explants in Mentha arvensis and its in vitro regeneration Materials and Methods: Sodium alginate beads were produced by encapsulation of shoot tip and nodal segments of the plant M. arvensis. MS medium was used as basal medium with agar and sodium alginate was used as gelling agent accompanied by CaCl2 solution. Results: Different concentrations and combinations of BAP, Kin and NAA were used in alginate bead in MS basal medium. Among the different concentrations of phytohormone, highest 80% of shoot formation was observed in MS medium containing 2.0 mg/l BAP + 0.2 mg/l NAA from nodal segments of M. arvensis. Highest average number of shoot 9.87 ± 0.58 formation was obtained in the same medium but highest length of shoot 6.27 ± 0.29 cm was found in the medium having 1.0 mg/l BAP + 0.5 mg/l NAA. Conclusion: The present investigation clearly established and demonstrated the method of obtaining the artificial seed production in M. arvensis supported by different hormone concentrations DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbs.v20i0.17722 J. bio-sci.  20:  99-108, 2012

scholarly journals In Vitro Regeneration of Phyllanthus amarus Schum. and Thonn.: An Important Medicinal Plant

Our Nature ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Sen ◽  
M.M. Sharma ◽  
D. Grover ◽  
A. Batra
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Multiple Shoots ◽  
Shoot Elongation ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Nodal Segment ◽  
Phyllanthus Amarus ◽  
Regenerated Plants ◽  
Half Strength ◽  
Important Medicinal Plant

An efficient in vitro plant regeneration protocol was developed for the medicinally potent plant species Phyllanthus amarus Schum. and Thonn. (Euphorbiaceae) using nodal segment as explant. Maximum multiplication of shoots (15.275±0.96) was achieved on Murashige and Skoog’s medium supplemented with BAP (0.5 mg/l) after 3-4 weeks of inoculation. The shoots were separated from cluster and subcultured for their elongation on the same medium. In vitro flowering was also observed on the elongated shoots after 3–4 weeks of sub culturing on the shoot elongation medium. In vitro rooting was obtained on half strength MS medium supplemented with IBA (0.5 mg/l).  Regenerated plants were successfully hardened and acclimatized, 80 % of plantlets survived well under natural conditions after transplantation.Key words: In vitro regeneration, multiple shoots, nodal segments, Phyllanthus amarusDOI: 10.3126/on.v7i1.2557Our Nature (2009) 7:110-115

scholarly journals Micropropagation of Vanasushava pedata - An Endangered Medicinal Plant of South India

1970 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Karuppusamy ◽  
C Kiranmai ◽  
V Aruna ◽  
T Pullaiah
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Continuous Production ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Garden Soil ◽  
Axillary Shoot ◽  
Similar Frequency ◽  
Endangered Medicinal Plant

An efficient in vitro propagation of an endangered medicinal plant Vanasushava pedata (Apiaceae) by axillary shoot proliferation from nodal segments of mature plants was designed. The medium type and growth regulators markedly influenced in vitro regeneration of V. pedata. An in vitro plantlet production system has been investigated on MS with the synergistic combination of BA (5.0 mg/l), IAA (0.1 mg/l) and 3 % sucrose which promoted the maximum number of shoots (8.6) as well as enhanced shoot lengths. Subculturing of nodal segments from in vitro derived shoots on a similar medium enabled continuous production of healthy shoots with a similar frequency. Rooting was highest (100%) on half strength MS containing IAA (2.0 mg/l). Micropropagated plants established in garden soil and forest humus (1 : 1) were uniform and identical to the donor plants with respect of growth characteristics as well as floral features. These in vitro-raised plants grew normally in greenhouse and natural habitat without showing any morphological variation.  Key words: Vanasushava pedata, Medicinal plant, Nodal explants, Micropropagation, Successful acclimationDOI = 10.3329/ptcb.v16i2.1109Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 16(2): 85-94, 2006 (December)

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