scholarly journals Magnetic resonance imaging in HTLV-I associated myelopathy

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 329-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aílton Melo ◽  
Luciana Moura ◽  
Solana Rios ◽  
Marcos Machado ◽  
Gersonita Costa
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Brain Lesions ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Thoracic Spinal Cord ◽  
Thoracic Spinal ◽  
Brain And Spinal Cord ◽  
The Brain

Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain and spinal cord were carried out for seventeen consecutive patients with HTLV-1 associated myelopathy (HAM). Eight patients had brain abnormalities and four had decreased thoracic spinal cord diameter. Brain lesions were mostly located in subcortical and periventricular areas. Our data suggest that diffuse central nervous system lesions are present in patients with HAM.

scholarly journals Toxicity of Shiga Toxin 1 in the Central Nervous System of Rabbits

2001 ◽  
Vol 69 (10) ◽  
pp. 6545-6548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Fujii ◽  
Yoshimasa Kinoshita ◽  
Takashi Yutsudo ◽  
Hatsumi Taniguchi ◽  
Tom Obrig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Brain Lesions ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
The Central Nervous System

ABSTRACT The action of Shiga toxin (Stx) on the central nervous system was examined in rabbits. Intravenous Stx1 was 44 times more lethal than Stx2 and acted more rapidly than Stx2. However, Stx1 accumulated more slowly in the cerebrospinal fluid than did Stx2. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a predominance of Stx1-dependent lesions in the spinal cord. Pretreatment of the animals with anti-Stx1 antiserum intravenously completely protected against both development of brain lesions and mortality.

Multiple Aneurysms of Thoracic Spinal Cord Arteries Presenting With Spinal Infarction and Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Neurosurgery ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 71 (5) ◽  
pp. E1053-E1058 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenichi Sato ◽  
Luca Roccatagliata ◽  
Sebastien Depuydt ◽  
Georges Rodesch
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Arterial Aneurysm ◽  
Spinal Angiography ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Thoracic Spinal Cord ◽  
Thoracic Spinal

Abstract BACKGROUND AND IMPORTANCE: Arterial aneurysms of the spinal cord are rare. Their pathogenesis is variable, and the therapeutic strategies remain controversial, because their natural history is unclear. We report a case of multiple dissecting aneurysms of radiculomedullary and radiculopial arteries presenting with spinal infarction and subarachnoid hemorrhage, which spontaneously resolved. CLINICAL PRESENTATION: A 67-year-old woman was hospitalized owing to sudden onset of severe back pain with discomfort in the lower extremities. Two days later, she again experienced sudden back pain accompanied by paraparesis and sphincter disturbance. Magnetic resonance imaging of the thoracic spinal cord showed 2 intradural masses of heterogeneous intensity at the levels of T-8 and T-10, spinal infarction, and subarachnoid hemorrhage. Spinal angiography revealed a “pearls and strings” aspect of a radiculomedullary artery arising from the left T-11 and a fusiform aneurysm of a radiculopial artery arising from the left T-8. Infectious and immunological evaluations failed to show any anomaly. Spontaneous dissections were suspected. Conservative treatment was proposed, and the patient's clinical course remained uneventful. Follow-up magnetic resonance imaging and spinal angiography performed 2 months after onset showed disappearance of both arterial lesions. CONCLUSION: Arterial dissections of spinal radicular arteries can resolve spontaneously and be managed conservatively. We propose a classification of the pathogenesis of spinal arterial aneurysm to clarify appropriate treatment strategies by a literature review.

Correlation of Postmortem 9.4 Tesla Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Immunohistopathology of the Human Thoracic Spinal Cord 7 Months after Traumatic Cervical Spine Injury

Neurosurgery ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 671-678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felix Scholtes ◽  
Peter Adriaensens ◽  
Liesbet Storme ◽  
Armin Buss ◽  
Byron A. Kakulas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Spinal Cord Injuries ◽  
Spine Injury ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Thoracic Spinal Cord ◽  
Human Spinal Cord ◽  
Thoracic Spinal ◽  
Mri Scans

Abstract OBJECTIVE: To correlate high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with immunohistopathology in the injured human spinal cord. METHODS: Postmortem MRI scans at a field strength of 9.4 T, as well as standard histology and immunohistochemistry, were performed on an excised specimen of human high thoracic spinal cord, obtained 7 months after the initial trauma, several segments below a severe spinal cord lesion (C5). RESULTS: A precise correlation is described between MRI and immunohistochemistry of the long white matter tracts undergoing Wallerian degeneration and of an extension of the cervical lesion into the high thoracic cord. CONCLUSION: MRI, the only imaging technique that currently provides useful information on the spinal cord parenchyma after trauma, is rapidly evolving. High-field scanners of up to 9.4 T are being clinically tested. The present postmortem investigation of an isolated spinal cord specimen demonstrates the precise correlation that can be achieved between imaging and pathology. In future investigations, this type of technique can lead to a more precise description of spinal cord injuries and their consequences in remote tissue. Translation into the clinical setting will improve diagnosis and follow-up of spinal cord injured patients.

scholarly journals Volumetric MRI Assessment of Brain and Spinal Cord in Finnish Twins Discordant for Multiple Sclerosis

Medicina ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 48 (9) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Hanna Kuusisto ◽  
Xingchen Wu ◽  
Prasun Dastidar ◽  
Tiina Luukkaala ◽  
Irina Elovaara
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Brain Size ◽  
White Matter Lesions ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Brain And Spinal Cord ◽  
The Brain

Background and Objective. Brain size, white matter hyperintensity, and the development of brain atrophy are known to be highly heritable. The decrease of brain volume starts from the very onset of multiple sclerosis and is 10-fold compared with normal aging. The aim of this study was to assess whether the brain and spinal cord volumes and the volume of white matter lesions differed between twins with multiple sclerosis and their asymptomatic co-twins. Material and Methods. A co-twin control method was used to evaluate whether the brain and spinal cord volumes differ between twins with multiple sclerosis and their co-twins. Nineteen twin pairs were studied neurologically, and the volumes of T1, T2, FLAIR, and gadolinium-enhanced lesions and those of the brain and the spinal cord were obtained by magnetic resonance imaging. Results. Significant differences in the brain (P=0.064) or spinal cord (P=0.648) volumes were not detected. Four of the 7 monozygotic and 5 of the 12 dizygotic co-twins had focal brain white matter lesions, but none fulfilled the magnetic resonance imaging criteria of Barkhof. Spinal cord lesions were not seen in any of the co-twins. Conclusions. The absence of a significant difference in the brain or spinal cord volume between the twins with multiple sclerosis and their co-twins supports the recent observation of brain size and the development of brain atrophy being highly heritable.

Intramedullary spinal cord ganglioglioma presenting as hyperhidrosis: unique symptoms and magnetic resonance imaging findings

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 184-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomohiro Murakami ◽  
Izumi Koyanagi ◽  
Takahisa Kaneko ◽  
Akihiro Yoneta ◽  
Yoshiko Keira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Initial Symptom ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Thoracic Spinal Cord ◽  
Intramedullary Spinal Cord ◽  
Thoracic Spinal ◽  
The Right

Hyperhidrosis is caused by a sympathetic dysfunction of the central or peripheral nervous system. Intramedullary spinal cord lesions can be a cause of hyperhidrosis. The authors report a rare case of intramedullary thoracic spinal cord ganglioglioma presenting as hyperhidrosis. This 16-year-old boy presented with abnormal sweating on the right side of the neck, chest, and the right arm that had been occurring for 6 years. Neurological examination revealed mild motor weakness of the right lower extremity and slightly decreased sensation in the left lower extremity. Hyperhidrosis was observed in the right C3–T8 dermatomes. Magnetic resonance imaging showed an intramedullary tumor at the right side of the spinal cord at the T2–3 level. The tumor showed partial enhancement after Gd administration. The patient underwent removal of the tumor via hemilaminectomy of T2–3. Only subtotal resection was achieved because the margins of the tumor were unclear. Histopathological examination revealed ganglioglioma. Hyperhidrosis gradually improved after surgery. Hyperhidrosis is a rare clinical manifestation of intramedullary spinal cord tumors, and only a few cases have been reported in the literature. The location of the tumor origin, around the right gray matter of the lateral spinal cord, may account for the hyperhidrosis as the initial symptom in this patient. Physicians should examine the spinal cord using MRI studies when a patient has hyperhidrosis with some motor or sensory symptoms of the extremities.

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