A Geometric Modeling of Tracheal Elements of the Chard (Beta vulgaris) Leaf

ABSTRACT: In this study, we give a geometric description of the tracheal elements of the chard (Beta vulgaris var. cicla L.), which is a widespread cultivated plant in Turkey. It is used as an edible plant and its leaves are used as antidiabetic in traditional medicine plant. We have shown that the tracheal elements, which are taxonomic value of the plant, can be considered as a surface of revolution or a tubular shape along a special curve.

Download Full-text

Spinacia oleracea Linn Considered as One of the Most Perfect Foods: A Pharmacological and Phytochemical Review

Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry ◽

10.2174/1389557519666190603090347 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (20) ◽

pp. 1666-1680 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Rosa Martha Perez Gutierrez ◽

Elisa Gutierrez Velazquez ◽

Silvia Patricia Paredes Carrera

Keyword(s):

Traditional Medicine ◽

Spinacia Oleracea ◽

Binding Capacity ◽

Economic Value ◽

Urinary Calculi ◽

Active Components ◽

Edible Plant ◽

Scientific Databases ◽

Anti Oxidant ◽

Phytochemical Studies

Background: : Leaves of Spinacia oleracea have been widely used as vegetarian foods. Some studies on the chemical composition of spinach have shown that it contains a high content of micronutrients (vitamins and minerals), and has an important economic value with some agronomic advantages. S. oleracea in traditional medicine is reported to cure more than one health problem. Objective: : This review focuses on the ethnopharmacological uses and pharmacological and phytochemical studies of Spinacia oleracea. Method: : Information on S. oleracea was obtained via electronic search of scientific databases such as Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar, Scirus, Science Direct, Scielo, Web of Science, Medline, Springerlink, BioMed Central (BMC), and SciFinder for publications on this plant. In addition, books on medicinal herbs were also consulted. Results: : Approximately 100 chemical compounds were isolated and characterized from S. oleracea. The major active components of the plant are flavones, flavanols, methylenedioxyflavonol glucuronides, glucuronides, and carotenoids, which were extensively investigated. This review revealed potential pharmacological properties of these isolated compounds such as anti-obesity, anti-α-amylase, bileacid binding capacity, anti-mutagenic, anti-oxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, cognitive and mood effect, hypoglycemic, and anti-hypertriglyceridemia. Conclusions:: S. oleracea is an important edible plant also used for ethnomedical therapy of obesity, inflammation of lungs, lumbago, flatulence, and treatment of urinary calculi. Pharmacological and phytochemical studies of this plant including bioactives, which have been adequately studied, support its uses in traditional medicine. Additionally, prospects and future trends of this plant are proposed.

Download Full-text

Antibacterial and Potential Antidiabetic Activities of Flavone C-glycosides Isolated from Beta vulgaris Subspecies cicla L. var. Flavescens (Amaranthaceae) Cultivated in Egypt

Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology ◽

10.2174/1389201020666190613161212 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (7) ◽

pp. 595-604

Author(s):

Hala S. Mohammed ◽

Marwa M. Abdel-Aziz ◽

Marwa S. Abu-Baker ◽

Amal M. Saad ◽

Mona A. Mohamed ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Beta Vulgaris ◽

Antidiabetic Activity ◽

Common Disease ◽

Human Pathogens ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Edible Plant ◽

Reference Drug ◽

Butanol Extract

Background: Diabetes mellitus is the most common disease in Egypt. In this context, Beta vulgaris subspecies cicla L. var. flavescens is an edible plant that has been used in traditional medicine as a therapy for treating some diseases. Objective: The current study was performed to evaluate the antibacterial and potential anti-diabetic activities of different extracts and isolated flavone C-glycoside compounds isolated from Beta vulgaris subspecies cicla L. var. flavescens leaves. Methods: Phytochemical investigation of n-butanol extract led to the isolation of five phytoconstituents. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic tools, including 1D-NMR (1H- & 13C-NMR) and 2D-NMR (HMQC & HMBC) besides the comparison of the data with the literature. The extracts and phytoconstituents were evaluated in vitro for their activity against some bacterial pathogens, which represent prominent human pathogens, particularly in hospital settings. The antibacterial activity was examined against three Gram-positive bacterial strains (Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis & Enterococcus faecalis) and five Gram-negative ones (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus vulgaris, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis & Salmonella typhimurium) relative to Ciprofloxacin as a reference drug. Furthermore, the in vitro antidiabetic activity (Type II) was evaluated using the alpha-glucosidase inhibitory assay. Results: Five flavone C-glycosides namely; Apigenin 8-C-β-D-glucopyranoside (vitexin) (1), 2''-Oxylopyranosylvitexin (2), acacetin 8-C-β-D-glucopyranoside (3), acacetin 8-C-α-L-rhamnoside (4), and 6,8-di-C-β-D-glucopyranosylapigenin (vecinin-II) (5) were isolated from n-butanol extract of B. vulgaris subspecies cicla L. var. flavescens. Compound 1 showed a promising antibacterial activity against most of the test bacterial strains with respect to the minimum inhibitory concentration values (MIC) ranged from 1.95 to 15.63 µg ml-1. On the other hand, compounds 1 and 3 demonstrated superior antidiabetic activities with IC50 values of 35.7 and 42.64 µg ml-1, respectively, while an inferior potential antidiabetic activity was recorded for compound 4 (IC50 = 145.5 µg ml-1) in comparison with Acarbose as a reference drug. Conclusion: B. vulgaris L. is an edible plant, which could be used as a natural source of antibiotic and hypoglycemic drugs.

Download Full-text

Beta vulgaris – A Mini Review of Traditional Uses in Iran, Phytochemistry and Pharmacology

Current Drug Discovery Technologies ◽

10.2174/1570163815666180308142912 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 74-81 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Shokouhsadat Hamedi ◽

Masoud Honarvar

Keyword(s):

Traditional Medicine ◽

Beta Vulgaris ◽

Joint Pain ◽

Food Industry ◽

Electronic Data ◽

Traditional Uses ◽

Iranian Traditional Medicine ◽

History Of ◽

Data Banks ◽

Psychiatric Issues

Background: Beta vulgaris (family: Chenopodiaceae) is now widely is used more in the food industry as a rich source of sugar but it is less considered in medicine. Beet has been used in traditional medicine for hundreds of years to treat a variety of diseases such as constipation, decreased libido, gut and joint pain and dandruff. Methods: This study introduced the benefits of Beta vulgaris by reviewing Iranian traditional documents from the 10th century until now and also compared modern phytotherapy of plant beet from the electronic data banks such as ISI, Pub Med and Scopus with findings that extracted from traditional literature. Results: This plant is known in Iranian Traditional Medicine (ITM) as Selgh (Arabic) or Choghondar (Farsi) and its leaves are used to develop treatments. Results confirmed that the plant referred to as Selgh in traditional books is that the plant Beta vulgaris in contemporary studies. Treatments that have not been evaluated in modern phytotherapy but do appear in traditional treatments include fever, as well as psychological and psychiatric issues. This article tells the history of beet in ITM and can confirm use of plant Beta vulgaris in medicinal practice. The report can be applied for certification of plant Beta vulgaris for researchers and experts. Conclusion: The findings of this study can help the researchers in producing therapeutic products and new application.<P>

Download Full-text