scholarly journals Survival and mutant production induced by mutagenic agents in Metarhizium anisopliae

1995 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 548-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Kava - Cordeiro ◽  
E.A. Luna - Alves - Lima ◽  
J.L. Azevedo
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Ultraviolet Light ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungus ◽  
Nitrous Acid ◽  
Wild Strain ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Survival Curves ◽  
Auxotrophic Mutants ◽  
Morphological Mutants

A wild strain of Metarhizium anisopliae, an entomopathogenic fungus, was submitted to three mutagenic agents: gamma radiation, ultraviolet light and nitrous acid. Survival curves were obtained and mutants were selected using different mutagenic doses which gave 1 to 5% survival. Morphological and auxotrophic mutants were isolated. Morphological mutants were grouped in a class with yellow conidia and other with pale vinaceous conidia as opposed to the green wild type conidia. Auxotrophic mutants had requirements for vitamin and aminoacid biosynthesis. More than 58% of the total auxotrophk mutants required proline/aipnine. Gamma radiation showed to be the most efficient mutagenic agent giving 0.2% of auxotrophk mutants followed by ultraviolet light (0.12%) and nitrous acid (0.06%).The conidial colour and auxotrophk mutants isolated until now from M. anisopliae were reviewed.

Inaktivierende und mutagene Wirkung salpetriger Säure auf Zellen von Escherichia coli

1959 ◽  
Vol 14 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 528-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Kaudewitz
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Nitrous Acid ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Inactivation Curve ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Auxotrophic Mutants ◽  
Induced Mutants ◽  
Mutagene Wirkung ◽  
Cellular Dna

Cells of E. coli B incubated with NaNO2 undergo inactivation. In non-metabolizing cells the inactivation follows a two hit curve. In metabolizing cells the rate of inactivation is increased and the inactivation curve does not show two-hit kinetics. The rate of inactivation decreases with rising pH and decreasing NaNO2-concentration. Therefore nitrous acid appears to be the active substance.Nitrous acid proved to be a potent mutagen as shown by isolation of auxotrophic mutants. With an inactivation rate of 10-4 about 1.4 per cent of the surviving cells were auxotrophs. The probability that this increase in mutants may be due to selection during inactivation of auxotrophs present before exposure was excluded experimentally. In none of 559 auxotrophic colonies grown from single cells which had survived contact with nitrous acid wild-type sectors were found. For metabolizing and nonmetabolizing cells the increase of the percentage of auxotrophic mutants with increasing time of exposure to HNO2 followed a two-hit curve. In these experiments the percentage of induced mutants was independent of the different rate of inactivation caused by different states of metabolism and dependent only on the time of incubation with nitrous acid. The results are discussed as being in agreement with the assumption that in non-metabolizing cells nitrous acid acts directly on the cellular DNA leading to inactivation and mutation.

A visual indicator of heterokaryosis in Fusarium oxysporum from celery

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 540-545 ◽  
Author(s):  
John E. Puhalla
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Ultraviolet Light ◽  
Minimal Medium ◽  
Genetic Complementation ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Uv Treatment ◽  
Formae Speciales ◽  
Auxotrophic Mutants ◽  
Pale Pink ◽  
Type Strains

Wild-type isolates of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. apii (celery pathogens) were white or pale pink. Ultraviolet-light (UV) treatment of conidia, however, yielded stable orange mutants, which in turn gave rise to yellow and white mutants after a second UV treatment. Some pairings between these yellow and white mutants developed an orange line where they touched. This orange line developed only if the two mutants formed heterokaryons with each other. In contrast, attempts to demonstrate heterokaryons between complementary auxotrophic mutants on minimal medium failed. The color heterokaryon was a mosaic of homokaryotic and heterokaryotic cells, the latter being confined to the area of anastomosis between the two mutants. Genetic complementation was also confined to this area. In pairings among color mutants of five wild-type strains two vegetative (heterokaryon) compatibility (VC) groups were defined. VC groups in other formae spéciales of F. oxysporum should also be detectable by this method.

scholarly journals PENINGKATAN AKTIVITAS LIPASE KAPANG LIMBAH KERNEL DAN NUT KELAPA SAWIT DENGAN RADIASI GAMA DAN ULTRAVIOLET

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 188
Author(s):  
Aris Indriawan ◽  
Wibowo Mangunwardoyo ◽  
Dadang Suhendar ◽  
Trismilah Siswodarsono
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Aspergillus Fumigatus ◽  
Ultraviolet Light ◽  
Lipase Activity ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Lipase Production ◽  
Radiation Doses ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Palm Waste

Enhancement of Lipase Activity of Molds Isolated from Kernel and Nut Waste of Oil Palm with Gamma and Ultraviolet IrradiationABSTRACTMolds isolated from oil palm waste sampled from Malingping, Lebak, Banten, West Java have the potential for lipase production. This study aimed to increase the fungal lipase activity with gamma radiation and ultraviolet light (UV). NA and KC mold spores were exposed to various gamma radiation doses of 1, 2, 3 and 4 kGy. The best of these NA and KC resulted mutants were followed by ultraviolet mutations for 1, 2, 3, and 4 hours, at dose of 0.1 J/cm2, 254 nm, 20 cm. Lipase activity was tested by the Lindfield method. The results showed that gamma radiation affected the lipase activity of NA1kGy mutants (8.58 U/mL) and KC1 kGy (8.25 U/mL), each increased the lipase activity by 4.6% and 3.13% from the wild type, respectively. Mutations with ultraviolet had an effect on mutant lipase activity of KC4H 10U/mL and NA3H 9.25 U/mL, each increased the lipase activity by 25% and 15.63% from the wild type, respectively. Based on phenotypic and phylogenetic (28srRNA) approaches, a mold of KC had a 100% similarity with Aspergillus fumigatus strain RA204.Keywords: gamma radiation, KC mold, lipase, NA mold, ultraviolet light ABSTRAKKapang dari limbah kelapa sawit diisolasi dari Malingping, Lebak, Banten, Jawa Barat berpotensi untuk menghasilkan lipase. Penelitian ini betujuan meningkatkan aktivitas lipase kapang dengan radiasi sinar gama dan sinar ultraviolet (UV). Spora kapang NA dan KC dipaparkan pada berbagai radiasi gama dosis 1, 2, 3 dan 4 kGy. Hasil terbaik dari mutan NA dan KC dilanjutkan dengan mutasi ultraviolet dengan lama inkubasi 1, 2, 3, dan 4 jam, dosis 0,1 J/cm2, 254 nm, 20 cm. Aktivitas lipase diuji dengan metode Lindfield. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa radiasi gama berpengaruh pada aktivitas lipase mutan NA 1kGy 8,58 U/mL dan KC1 kGy 8,25 U/mL, masing-masing menaikkan aktivitas lipase sebesar 4,6% dan 3,13% dari wild type-nya. Hasil mutasi dengan ultraviolet berpengaruh pada aktivitas lipase mutan KC4H 10U/mL dan NA3H 9,25 U/mL, masing-masing menaikkan aktivitas lipase sebesar 25% dan 15,63% dari wild type-nya. Berdasarkan pendekatan fenotipik dan filogenetik (28s rRNA), isolat kapang kernel C memiliki similiaritas 100% dengan spesies Aspergillus fumigatus strain RA204.Kata Kunci: kapang KC, kapang NA, lipase, radiasi sinar gama, sinar ultraviolet

Caractéristiques d'un mutant homothallique de Saccharomyces cerevisiae Hansen

1971 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 425-428
Author(s):  
A. Arnaud ◽  
Françoise Vezinhet ◽  
P. Galzy
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Nitrous Acid ◽  
Solid Medium ◽  
Wild Strain ◽  
Wild Type

Through mutagenesis by nitrous acid a mutant was obtained which differed from the wild strain by two independent characters. The mutant gave smooth colonies on a solid medium containing lactic acid; the wild type yielded rough colonies on the same medium. The smooth colony character was unstable during vegetative growth. The mutant was homothallic. This character was stable during vegetative growth but it was not segregated through meïosis. This mutation inducing homothallism is not controlled by a gene.

scholarly journals Heterokaryon Formation and Genetic Recombination Between Auxotrophic and Morphological Mutants of Thanatephorus Cucumeris

1972 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 739 ◽  
Author(s):  
RL Dodman
Keyword(s):  
Nicotinic Acid ◽  
Gene Mutation ◽  
Ultraviolet Light ◽  
Genetic Recombination ◽  
Single Gene ◽  
The Other ◽  
Thanatephorus Cucumeris ◽  
Single Gene Mutation ◽  
Auxotrophic Mutants ◽  
Morphological Mutants

Two auxotrophic mutants of T. cucumeris, one requiring nitrite and the other nicotinic acid, were obtained by irradiation of basidiospores with ultraviolet light. The deficiency was caused by a single-gene mutation in each case. Both mutants were fertile.

DEMONSTRATION OF A PARASEXUAL CYCLE IN THE ENTOMOPATHOGENIC FUNGUS METARHIZIUM ANISOPLIAE

1980 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 309-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Al-Aidroos
Keyword(s):  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungus ◽  
Parasexual Cycle

In an attempt to demonstrate the existence of a parasexual cycle in the imperfect entomopathogenic fungus, Metarhizium anisopliae (Metschnikoff) Sorokin, doubly- and triply-marked strains were forced to form heterokaryons. All heterokaryons produced diploid spores, two of which yielded putative recombinants.

Studies of the inheritance of virulence in the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae

1985 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Riba ◽  
J.L. de Azevedo ◽  
C. Messias ◽  
W. Dias da Silveira ◽  
R. Tuveson
Keyword(s):  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungus

The effects of isothiocyanates on the growth of the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae and its infection of the mustard beetle

1999 ◽  
Vol 103 (8) ◽  
pp. 974-980 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.N. Inyang ◽  
T.M. Butt ◽  
K.J. Doughty ◽  
A.D. Todd ◽  
S. Archer
Keyword(s):  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungus

Nucleotide Clusters in Deoxyribonucleic Acids. VIII. The Pyrimidine Oligonucleotides of Bacteriophage S13 Wild Type DNA

1973 ◽  
Vol 51 (8) ◽  
pp. 1206-1211 ◽  
Author(s):  
John H. Spencer ◽  
Lynn Boshkov
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Acid ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Amber Mutant ◽  
Labelling Technique

A method for determination of the compositional assignment and comparison of the oligonucleotides in longer pyrimidine isostichs from closely related DNA's is described. The method is a dual 32P/33P labelling technique and has been used to investigate the pyrimidine oligonucleotide catalogue of bacteriophage S13 wild type DNA by comparison with the catalogue of the nitrous acid amber mutant S135suN15. The isomeric compositions of the dinucleotide CTp3 and trinucleotides CT2p4 and C2Tp4 from both DNA's were examined also. No cytosine (C) → thymine (T) transitions had occurred in the longer pyrimidine isostichs 7–11 inclusive, which constitute 10% of the catalogue of each of the two S13 DNA's, the catalogues of the two DNA's being indistinguishable.

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