scholarly journals Organogenesis and transient genetic transformation of the hybrid Eucalyptus grandis × Eucalyptus urophylla

2011 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 246-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovana Bomfim de Alcantara ◽  
João Carlos Bespalhok Filho ◽  
Marguerite Quoirin
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Transformation ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Eucalyptus Grandis ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Induction Medium ◽  
Eucalyptus Urophylla ◽  
Uida Gene ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Bud Induction ◽  
Hybrid Eucalyptus

The hybrid Eucalyptus grandis x Eucalyptus urophylla presents high levels of productivity and potential for use in paper, cellulose and fiber industries. The bud organogenesis from leaf explants of two clones of E. grandis × E. urophylla was studied in order to verify the effect of several factors: subculture duration on multiplication medium, type of explants, entire and half leaves: basal and apical portions, and duration of the culture on a regeneration medium. Differences in organogenic capacity of the two clones tested were observed. The explant most recommended for organogenesis is the basal section of the leaf collected from shoot clusters subcultured every 17 days. Moreover, the leaf explants must be transferred to a fresh bud induction medium every five days. This study also aimed at evaluating factors affecting the genetic transformation of leaf explants with the uidA gene, via co-cultivation with Agrobacterium tumefaciens, such as the pre-culture of the explants on a specific medium, the duration of their co-culture with the bacteria and the addition of acetosyringone to the culture media. The best conditions for the expression of the uidA gene were two days of pre-culture of the leaf tissues, three days of co-culture with the bacteria and the addition of acetosyringone in pre- and co-culture media.

scholarly journals Eucalypt Clonal Hybrid Influences the Carbon Amount of Below-Ground Biomass in Oxisol, Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Grasiele Dick ◽  
Humberto J. Eufrade-Junior ◽  
Mauro V. Schumacher ◽  
Gileno B. Azevedo ◽  
Saulo P. S. Guerra
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Concentration ◽  
Eucalyptus Grandis ◽  
Eucalyptus Camaldulensis ◽  
Eucalyptus Urophylla ◽  
Ground Biomass ◽  
Homogeneity Of Variances ◽  
Below Ground ◽  
Hybrid Eucalyptus ◽  
Carbon Determination ◽  
Hybrid Clones

The objective of this study was to evaluate whether there is an influence of different clonal hybrids of Eucalyptus urophylla on the carbon concentration and amount in below-ground biomass in trees cultivated in Oxisol, Brazil. Stumps and roots of three different eucalypt hybrid clones, AEC 0144, AEC 0223, and VM01, were selected, weighed immediately after being removed from the ground, and sampled for carbon determination and moisture content at the laboratory. The Shapiro-Wilk and Bartlett tests were used to evaluate data distribution and the homogeneity of variances, respectively. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) complemented by the Scott-Knott test was used to evaluate the effects of specie/hybrid on the below-ground biomass (dry matter) and carbon amount per stump. The hybrid type of Eucalyptus urophylla does not influence the carbon concentration; however, there is a difference in below-ground biomass production and carbon amount with it being higher for Eucalyptus urophylla × Eucalyptus camaldulensis when compared to the species Eucalyptus urophylla and hybrid Eucalyptus urophylla × Eucalyptus grandis.

scholarly journals Dynamics of initial spacing on the diameter of hybrid Eucalyptus grandis x Eucalyptus urophylla in a systematic design

2021 ◽  
pp. 422-430
Author(s):  
Mirella Basileu de Oliveira Lima ◽  
Mauro Eloi Nappo ◽  
Kálita Luis Soares ◽  
Renato Vinícius Oliveira Castro ◽  
Eder Pereira Miguel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eucalyptus Grandis ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Diameter Distribution ◽  
Eucalyptus Urophylla ◽  
Central Brazil ◽  
Kolmogorov Smirnov ◽  
Diameter Structure ◽  
Initial Spacing ◽  
Hybrid Eucalyptus

We evaluated the effect of initial spacing on the distribution of Eucalyptus grandis x Eucalyptus urophylla tree diameters in a Nelder wheel design. The study area was in west-central Brazil. A Nelder wheel design with three repetitions was used. This design provides 432 planting spots per plot/repetition. Planting density varied from 0.50 m² to 41.25 m². The diameter at breast height was measured for all plants every four months until 36 months of age, totaling eight measurements. The description of the diameter distribution was developed by fitting probability density functions for each spacing and age. The quality of fit was evaluated using the root mean square error percentage, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test (α < 0.05). The spacings up to 1.17 m² must be harvested in less than two years, since it is noted that in the third year the increment in diameter is static and the mortality rate increases. The spacing highly affects the diameter structure of the population, impelling the forester to consider different uses for the wood. For wood requiring larger diameters, spacing above 8.69 m² per tree is recommended

scholarly journals Correction to: Effects of chemical sterilization of the culture media, porous membranes and luminosity on in vitro culture of Eucalyptus grandis × Eucalyptus urophylla

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Letícia Vaz Molinari ◽  
Denys Matheus Santana Costa Souza ◽  
Maria Lopes Martins Avelar ◽  
Sérgio Bruno Fernandes ◽  
Douglas Santos Gonçalves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Eucalyptus Grandis ◽  
Porous Membranes ◽  
Eucalyptus Urophylla ◽  
Chemical Sterilization

scholarly journals Procedures for theoretical redistribution of diameters in eucalyptus stands

CERNE ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thelma Shirlen Soares ◽  
Hélio Garcia Leite ◽  
Carlos Pedro Boechat Soares ◽  
Antônio Bartolomeu do Vale
Keyword(s):  
Probability Density Function ◽  
Probability Density ◽  
Density Function ◽  
Eucalyptus Grandis ◽  
Distribution Model ◽  
Diameter Distribution ◽  
Eucalyptus Urophylla ◽  
Traditional Procedure ◽  
Hybrid Eucalyptus ◽  
Invariant Procedure

This study aimed to evaluate the application of a procedure referred to as step invariant for theoretical redistribution of diameters by class in a diameter distribution model, using the Weibull probability density function. Data from the first rotation of hybrid eucalyptus stands (Eucalyptus grandis x Eucalyptus urophylla) planted with spacings of 3 x 2 m, located in northeastern Bahia state were used. Measurements were taken annually with measurement age ranging between 25 and 89 months. The step invariant procedure provided satisfactory results in comparison to the traditional procedure, being therefore recommended for future applications due to its unbiased results and ease of fit.

Effects of chemical sterilization of the culture media, porous membranes and luminosity on in vitro culture of Eucalyptus grandis × Eucalyptus urophylla

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Letícia Vaz Molinari ◽  
Denys Matheus Santana Costa Souza ◽  
Maria Lopes Martins Avelar ◽  
Sérgio Bruno Fernandes ◽  
Douglas Santos Gonçalves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Eucalyptus Grandis ◽  
Porous Membranes ◽  
Eucalyptus Urophylla ◽  
Chemical Sterilization

scholarly journals COMPARISON BETWEEN TEST METHODS TO DETERMINE WOOD EMBEDMENT STRENGTH PARALLEL TO THE GRAIN

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 741-748 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Henrique de Almeida ◽  
Antonio Alves Dias
Keyword(s):  
Wood Species ◽  
Test Piece ◽  
Eucalyptus Grandis ◽  
Pinus Elliottii ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Eucalyptus Urophylla ◽  
Pinus Oocarpa ◽  
Hybrid Eucalyptus ◽  
Dowel Connections

ABSTRACT This study compares the test methods according to the ABNT NBR 7190:1997, EN 383:2007, ASTM D5764:2007, EUROCODE 5:2004, NDS:2001 standards in order to provide support to establish a new test method for determining the embedment strength of wood parallel to the grain. Parallel-to-grain tests were carried out for six wood species (Schizolobium amazonicum; Pinus elliottii; Pinus oocarpa; Hymenaea spp.; Lyptus(r): hybrid Eucalyptus grandis and Eucalyptus urophylla, and Goupia glabra) using four diameters (8 mm, 10 mm, 12 mm and 16 mm) for the metal pin fasteners (bolts). The experimental results obtained according to the EN 383:2007 standard were closer to the specific values for the metal-dowel connections design used by ABNT NBR 7190:1997, which are considered equal compression parallel to the grain. The use of maximum embedment force or the force causing displacement of 5 mm between the bolt and the test-piece as criteria for determining embedment strength for EN 383:2007 appears to be more appropriate than the criteria used by the Brazilian and American Standards.

scholarly journals Morphogenetic response of cotyledon and leaf explants of melon (Cucumis melo L.) cv. Amarillo Oro

2006 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Vidigal Duarte Souza ◽  
Begoña Garcia-Sogo ◽  
Antonio da Silva Souza ◽  
Amparo Pérez San-Juán ◽  
Vicente Moreno
Keyword(s):  
Cucumis Melo ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Callus Cultures ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Cotyledon Explants ◽  
Bud Induction ◽  
Cucumis Melo L ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid

Callus cultures from cotyledon and leaf explants of a Spanish cultivar of melon (Amarillo Oro) were tested for growth and morphogenic capacity on several culture media with different concentrations of IAA (indole-3-acetic acid) in combination with 1.0 mg.L-1 BA (6-benzylaminopurine) or 6.0 mg.L-1 KIN (kinetin). The best results were achieved with cotyledon explants. The leaf explants presented low bud formation capacity. Variability of organogenic response on cotyledons of different age (7, 5, 3 and 1-day-old) was evaluated. The age of explant had a significant influence on bud induction. Cotyledon explants from 7-day-old seedlings showed higher organogenic index and development of shoots when cultured onto MS medium supplemented with 1.5 mg.L-1 of IAA and 1.0 mg.L-1 of BA. The effect of cut type of cotyledonary explants on organogenic response was also investigated. Explants cut transversally showed the best results. The addition of copper sulfate in the culture medium promoted a qualitative improvement of the regenerated shoots.

scholarly journals A Simple and Efficient Protocol for Plant Regeneration and Genetic Transformation of Tomato cv. Micro-Tom from Leaf Explants

HortScience ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 46 (12) ◽  
pp. 1655-1660 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abraham Cruz-Mendívil ◽  
Javier Rivera-López ◽  
Lourdes J. Germán-Báez ◽  
Melina López-Meyer ◽  
Sergio Hernández-Verdugo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Transformation ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Shoot Elongation ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Total Efficiency ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
One Step ◽  
Free Media

A simplified protocol to obtain transgenic tomato plants was established. The effects of culture media composition and Agrobacterium concentration were evaluated. The highest shoot-forming capacity index (5.6) was observed when leaf explants were cultured for 6 weeks with 2 mg·L−1 zeatin, 0.1 mg·L−1 indoleacetic acid, and 300 mg·L−1 timentin. Shoot elongation and root formation were performed in one step on growth regulator-free media. The highest percentage (82%) of fully developed plantlets was obtained when shoots were cultured for 4 weeks with 0.5× Murashige and Skoog (MS) media and 15 g·L−1 sucrose. A 100% of plant survival rate was observed after 4 weeks of being transplanted to ex vitro conditions followed by fruit production (15 fruits/plant) after 2 more weeks. Transient expression of β-glucuronidase was visualized in 100% of the leaf explants infected with Agrobacterium at an OD600 = 0.5 and cocultured for 48 h with 2 mg·L−1 benzylaminopurine, 0.1 mg·L−1 naphthaleneacetic acid, and 100 μM acetosyringone. Stable transformation was confirmed by histochemical glucuronidase assay and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis with a total efficiency of 19.1%. The complete protocol, from shoot induction to fruit production of soil-adapted transgenic plants can be accomplished in only 4 months, and it seems to be very useful for both micropropagation and genetic transformation purposes.

FACTORS AFFECTING THE REGENERATION OF PEPPER (CAPSICUM ANNUUM L.)

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1120G-1120
Author(s):  
J. L. Jacobs ◽  
C. T. Stephens
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Silver Nitrate ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Regeneration System ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Nitrate Concentrations ◽  
Leaf Differentiation ◽  
Whole Plants

Several growth hormone combinations and silver nitrate concentrations were examined for their effect on regeneration of different pepper genotypes. Primary leaf explants from in vitro seedlings were cultured on a revised Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with auxin, cytokinin and 1.6% glucose. Combinations of different concentrations of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), 0-5 mg/l, and 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), 0-5 mg/l, were tested to determine the most effective medium for shoot primordium formation. Experiments with IAA and BAP did not result in a specific growth hormone combination appropriate for regeneration of all genotypes tested. Of the silver nitrate concentrations tested, 10 mg/l resulted in the best shoot and leaf differentiation and reduced callus formation. Differences in organogenic response of individual genotypes were evaluated on a single regeneration medium. Whole plants were regenerated from 11 of 63 genotypes examined. Based on these experiments, a reproducible regeneration system for pepper was developed with a total of 500 plants regenerated to date.

scholarly journals Somaclonal variation on in vitro callus culture potato cultivars

2004 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 300-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia N. Bordallo ◽  
Derly H. Silva ◽  
José Maria ◽  
Cosme D. Cruz ◽  
Elizabeth P. Fontes
Keyword(s):  
Somaclonal Variation ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Potato Cultivars ◽  
Synthetic Seed ◽  
Arbitrary Sequence ◽  
Stem Explants ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
High Level

Synthetic seeds can be an alternative for those species in which botanical seeds are not viable. One of the major problems of in vitro plant cultivation is the high level of somaclonal variation. The most common factors affecting somaclonal variation are genotype, explant source, in vitro period and cultivation conditions in which the culture is established. In this work, calli were induced using leaf and stem explants of the commercial potato cultivars Achat, Baraka, Baronesa, Bintje, and Contenda in MS culture media supplemented with 1.65 mM of picloram and 11.5 mM of 2,4-D. Seventy and 90 days after induction, DNA samples of 40 calli were compared concerning the effects of the two explant (leaf and stem) and two growth regulator sources on five potatoes cultivars. A total of 20 arbitrary sequence primers were evaluated. The RAPD pattern generated by these primers suggested a high percentage of polymorphic fragments among the five genotypes, indicating a high level of genetic variation among cultivars. Cultivar Baronesa showed the highest number of polymorphic fragments for all treatments. The cultivar Contenda showed the smallest somaclonal variation, for most of the treatments, except for the treatment which consisted of stem explants, picloram (1.65 mM) application, and a 70-day period of callus formation. 'Contenda' is, therefore, the most suitable cultivar for synthetic seed production.

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