FACTORS AFFECTING THE REGENERATION OF PEPPER (CAPSICUM ANNUUM L.)

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1120G-1120
Author(s):  
J. L. Jacobs ◽  
C. T. Stephens
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Silver Nitrate ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Regeneration System ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Nitrate Concentrations ◽  
Leaf Differentiation ◽  
Whole Plants

Several growth hormone combinations and silver nitrate concentrations were examined for their effect on regeneration of different pepper genotypes. Primary leaf explants from in vitro seedlings were cultured on a revised Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with auxin, cytokinin and 1.6% glucose. Combinations of different concentrations of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), 0-5 mg/l, and 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), 0-5 mg/l, were tested to determine the most effective medium for shoot primordium formation. Experiments with IAA and BAP did not result in a specific growth hormone combination appropriate for regeneration of all genotypes tested. Of the silver nitrate concentrations tested, 10 mg/l resulted in the best shoot and leaf differentiation and reduced callus formation. Differences in organogenic response of individual genotypes were evaluated on a single regeneration medium. Whole plants were regenerated from 11 of 63 genotypes examined. Based on these experiments, a reproducible regeneration system for pepper was developed with a total of 500 plants regenerated to date.

scholarly journals FACTORS AFFECTING THE REGENERATION OF PEPPER (CAPSICUM ANNUUM L.)

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1120g-1120 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Jacobs ◽  
C. T. Stephens
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Silver Nitrate ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Regeneration System ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Nitrate Concentrations ◽  
Leaf Differentiation ◽  
Whole Plants

Several growth hormone combinations and silver nitrate concentrations were examined for their effect on regeneration of different pepper genotypes. Primary leaf explants from in vitro seedlings were cultured on a revised Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with auxin, cytokinin and 1.6% glucose. Combinations of different concentrations of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), 0-5 mg/l, and 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), 0-5 mg/l, were tested to determine the most effective medium for shoot primordium formation. Experiments with IAA and BAP did not result in a specific growth hormone combination appropriate for regeneration of all genotypes tested. Of the silver nitrate concentrations tested, 10 mg/l resulted in the best shoot and leaf differentiation and reduced callus formation. Differences in organogenic response of individual genotypes were evaluated on a single regeneration medium. Whole plants were regenerated from 11 of 63 genotypes examined. Based on these experiments, a reproducible regeneration system for pepper was developed with a total of 500 plants regenerated to date.

scholarly journals In vitro adventitious shoot regeneration from leaf explants of some apricot cultivars

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Vladimirovna Mitrofanova ◽  
Irina Vjacheslavovna Mitrofanova ◽  
Tatyana Nikolaevna Kuzmina ◽  
Nina Pavlovna Lesnikova-Sedoshenko ◽  
Sergey Vladimirovich Dolgov
Keyword(s):  
Callus Formation ◽  
System Development ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Adventitious Shoot ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Regeneration System ◽  
Propagation Methods

ABSTRACT Apricot is one of the most valuable commercial fruits. In vitro propagation of apricot is very important for rapid multiplication of cultivars with desirable traits and production of cleaning up and virus-free plants. Low frequency of multiplication is the main limiting factor for traditional propagation methods. In this regard, the objective of our investigation was to study the morphogenetic capacity of apricot leaf explants of the promising cultivars ‘Iskorka Tavridy’, ‘Magister’ and ‘Bergeron’ for regeneration system development and solving some breeding questions. The source of explants was in vitro plants regenerated and cultured on QL medium. Leaves were maintained in the dark at 24±1 °C in thermostat for three-four weeks. Morphogenic callus and structures were mainly formed at the central and proximal parts of leaves on MS, QL and WPM media with 1.5 or 2.0 mg L-1 BAP and 1.5 or 2.0 mg L-1 IAA in different combinations, or TDZ (0.6 and 1.3 mg L-1). Callus with adventive buds was transferred to regeneration medium and placed into a growth chamber at 24±1 °C and 16-hour photoperiod with a light intensity of 37.5 μmol m-2 s-1. The best results were obtained when adaxial leaf surface was in contact with the culture medium. Frequency of leaf callus formation on MS medium with 1.5 mg L-1 BAP and 1.5 mg L-1 IAA was higher in the explants of ‘Iskorka Tavridy’ (80.0%) than in - ‘Bergeron’ (50.0%) and ‘Magister’ (36.7%). The best results of callogenesis for ‘Magister’ was obtained on MS medium with 1.3 mg L-1 TDZ (53.3%). Active microshoot regeneration in ‘Iskorka Tavridy’ cultivar was shown on MS medium with BAP and IAA and in ‘Magister’ cultivar - on MS medium with TDZ. Rhizogenesis was obtained on half strength MS medium with 2.0 mg L-1 IBA.

scholarly journals Somaclonal variation on in vitro callus culture potato cultivars

2004 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 300-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia N. Bordallo ◽  
Derly H. Silva ◽  
José Maria ◽  
Cosme D. Cruz ◽  
Elizabeth P. Fontes
Keyword(s):  
Somaclonal Variation ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Potato Cultivars ◽  
Synthetic Seed ◽  
Arbitrary Sequence ◽  
Stem Explants ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
High Level

Synthetic seeds can be an alternative for those species in which botanical seeds are not viable. One of the major problems of in vitro plant cultivation is the high level of somaclonal variation. The most common factors affecting somaclonal variation are genotype, explant source, in vitro period and cultivation conditions in which the culture is established. In this work, calli were induced using leaf and stem explants of the commercial potato cultivars Achat, Baraka, Baronesa, Bintje, and Contenda in MS culture media supplemented with 1.65 mM of picloram and 11.5 mM of 2,4-D. Seventy and 90 days after induction, DNA samples of 40 calli were compared concerning the effects of the two explant (leaf and stem) and two growth regulator sources on five potatoes cultivars. A total of 20 arbitrary sequence primers were evaluated. The RAPD pattern generated by these primers suggested a high percentage of polymorphic fragments among the five genotypes, indicating a high level of genetic variation among cultivars. Cultivar Baronesa showed the highest number of polymorphic fragments for all treatments. The cultivar Contenda showed the smallest somaclonal variation, for most of the treatments, except for the treatment which consisted of stem explants, picloram (1.65 mM) application, and a 70-day period of callus formation. 'Contenda' is, therefore, the most suitable cultivar for synthetic seed production.

scholarly journals In vitro shoot regeneration of boldo from leaf explants

2010 ◽  
Vol 40 (10) ◽  
pp. 2210-2213
Author(s):  
Monalize Salete Mota ◽  
Juliana de Magalhães Bandeira ◽  
Eugenia Jacira Bolacel Braga ◽  
Valmor João Bianchi ◽  
José Antonio Peters
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Regeneration ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Shoot Development ◽  
High Potential ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Regeneration System ◽  
Bud Induction ◽  
Molecular Studies ◽  
In Vitro Shoot Regeneration

A shoot regeneration system for Plectranthus neochilus was studied from leaf explants. Leaves developed under in vitro conditions were cultured on Wood Plant Medium supplemented with 0.2mg dm-3 α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and different 6-benzilaminopurine (BAP) or thidiazuron (TDZ) concentrations (0, 1.5, 3.0, 4.5 and 6.0mg dm-3). An increase in percentage of responsive explants (85.3%) and in the number of shoots developed per explant (3.2) was observed when the explants were treated with 5.3 and 4.7mg dm-3 BAP, respectively. The leaf explants cultured on media supplemented with TDZ became vitreous and did not form buds. The regeneration system used is efficient for boldo bud induction and shoot development, showing high potential for advanced cellular and molecular studies.

scholarly journals Callus Induction in Baru (Dipteryx alata Vog.) Explants

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 538-543
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Kelson S. REZENDE ◽  
Ana Maria N. SCOTON ◽  
Maílson V. JESUS ◽  
Zeva V. PEREIRA ◽  
Fernanda PINTO
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Alternative Technique ◽  
Propagation Methods ◽  
Dipteryx Alata

Baru (Dipteryx alata Vog.) is a species with great economic and environmental potential; it has popular acceptance, besides being a very productive species. Alternative propagation methods are important for species maintenance and exploration. Thus, micropropagation emerged as an alternative technique, providing genetic stability and the production of a large number of seedlings. The aim of the present investigation was to develop a callus induction protocol for in vitro baru explants. The tested explants were nodal, internodal and foliar segments. The explants were disinfected for 30 seconds in 70% alcohol (v/v) and 2 minutes in sodium hypochlorite (1.25% active chlorine). This was followed by triple washing. The inoculation was carried out in test tubes containing 15 mL MS medium (30 g L-1 sucrose, 6 g L-1 agar and 100 mg L-1 ascorbic acid) supplemented with 2.0 mg L-1 naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). The solution also contained 0.0, 2.5 or 5.0 mg L-1 of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) with the pH adjusted to 5.8. In the incubation phase, the explants were cultured for seven days in the dark and then subjected to a photoperiod of 16 hours (43 µmol m-2 s-1) at 25 ± 2 °C. The treatments were studied with 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 or 10.0 mg L-1 BAP additions to the MS. Callus formation, contamination and oxidation evaluations were undertaken. The results obtained when using 2.0 mg L-1 NAA concluded that such a treatment should be used to induce callogenesis from nodal explants, while for the tested baru leaf explants, the best results for callus formation were given by the combination of 2.0 mg L-1 NAA with 2.5 mg L-1 of BAP to.

scholarly journals In vitro regeneration protocol of Rauvolfia serpentina L.

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Khan ◽  
TA Banu ◽  
S Akter ◽  
B Goswami ◽  
M Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Multiple Shoot ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Root Induction ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Regeneration System ◽  
Rauvolfia Serpentina ◽  
Number Of Shoots

An efficient in vitro regeneration system was developed for Rauvolfia serpentina L. through direct and indirect organogenesis from nodal and leaf explants. Among the different growth regulators, MS medium supplemented with 2.0 mg/l BAP, 0.5mg/l IAA and 0.02mg/l NAA found best for the multiple shoot formation from nodal segments. In this combination 98% explants produced multiple shoots and the average number of shoots per explants is 13∙4. The frequency of callus induction and multiple shoot induction from leaves was highest 88% in MS medium supplemented with 2.0 mg/l BAP, where mean number of shoots/explants was 12.5. The highest frequency of root induction (80%) and mean number of roots/plantlets (10) were obtained on half strength of MS medium containing 0.2 mg/l IBA. The rooted plantlets were transferred for hardening following acclimatization and finally were successfully established in the field.Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res.53(2), 133-138, 2018

scholarly journals Comparative analyses of stevioside between fresh leaves and in-vitro derived callus tissue from Stevia rebaudiana Bert. using HPLC

2015 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 199-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Mahmud ◽  
S Akter ◽  
IA Jahan ◽  
S Khan ◽  
A Khaleque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retention Time ◽  
Callus Tissue ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Stevia Rebaudiana ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Green Callus

A protocol was developed to produce large amount of callus in short a period of time from leaf explants of Stevia rebaudiana Bert. The highest amount of white callus was obtained on MS medium supplemented with 2.5 mg/l 2, 4-D and 0.5 mg/l BAP after 3 weeks of inoculating leaf segments. On the other hand, 0.5 mg/l BAP and 1.0 mg/l Kn exhibits poor performance towards callus formation while after using 1.0 mg/l Kn alone did not develop any callus. In this experiment, highest amount of green callus was obtained when MS medium supplemented with 2.5 mg/l NAA and 10% coconut water was used. An improved analytical method HPLC was applied to analyze stevioside extracted from the leaf and callus of Stevia rebaudiana. The stevioside in each sample were analyzed by comparing their retention times with those of the standards. The retention time (RT) of stevioside for leaves were found 14.96 and for callus 13.81 mins. The percentage of stevioside content from leaves and callus was 12.19% and 12.62% respectively DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjsir.v49i4.22621 Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 49(4), 199-204, 2014

scholarly journals Adventitious Shoot Regeneration from In Vitro Leaf Explants of the Peach Rootstock Hansen 536

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 755
Author(s):  
Angela Ricci ◽  
Luca Capriotti ◽  
Bruno Mezzetti ◽  
Oriano Navacchi ◽  
Silvia Sabbadini
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Adventitious Shoots ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Adventitious Shoot ◽  
Shoot Cultures ◽  
Efficient System ◽  
Regeneration Rate ◽  
Factors Affecting

In the present study, an efficient system for the in vitro regeneration of adventitious shoots from the peach rootstock Hansen 536 leaves has been established. Twenty regeneration media containing McCown Woody Plant Medium (WPM) as a basal salt supplemented with different concentrations and combinations of plant growth regulators (PGRs) were tested. Expanded leaves along with their petiole from 3-week-old elongated in vitro shoot cultures were used as starting explants. The highest regeneration rate (up to 53%) was obtained on WPM basal medium enriched with 15.5 μM N6-benzylaminopurine (BAP). The influences on leaf regeneration of the ethylene inhibitor silver thiosulphate (STS) and of different combinations of antibiotics added to the optimized regeneration medium were also investigated. The use of 10 μM STS or carbenicillin (238 μM) combined with cefotaxime (210 μM) significantly increased the average number of regenerating shoots per leaf compared to the control. In vitro shoots were finally elongated, rooted and successfully acclimatized in the greenhouse. The results achieved in this study advances the knowledge on factors affecting leaf organogenesis in Prunus spp., and the regeneration protocol described looks promising for the optimization of new genetic transformation procedures in Hansen 536 and other peach rootstocks and cultivars.

scholarly journals In vitro callogenesis induction of Guarianthe skinneri (Bateman) Dressler & W.E. Higgins (Orchidaceae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Gabriela Coutiño-Cortés ◽  
Vincenzo Bertolini ◽  
Leobardo Iracheta Donjuan ◽  
Lorena Ruíz-Montoya ◽  
Javier Francisco Valle-Mora
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Solid Medium ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Production Technique ◽  
Flowering Season ◽  
Semi Solid

Guarianthe skinneri (Bateman) Dressler & W.E. Higgins., is a native orchid from Mexico, considered as threatened species by NOM-ECOL-059-SEMARNAT-2010, mainly due to the disappearance of its natural habitat and the illegal collection during its flowering season. The aim of this research was to induce in vitro callogenesis from different type of explants, using phytoregulators, in order to look for a massive production technique to contribute to its conservation. We evaluated the leaf and pseudobulb marrow explants growing in semi-solid medium MS adding BAP, 2, 4-D, Kin, the interaction of BAP/2, 4-D/Kin/Sad and a control without any type of plant growth regulators. Statistical analysis showed the pseudobulb marrow explants are more suitable for in vitro introduction in comparison to leaf explants, since they perform a lower percentage of contamination (18.8% in marrow and 73.2% in leaves). Likewise, the pseudobulb marrow explants increased callus formation (10.8%) in comparison to leaf explants (7.6%). Regarding the phytoregulators employed, BAP have allowed to increased callus formation (17%) compared to other phytoregulators (7-10%). This is the first report, which proposes the use of pseudobulb marrow as explant for callus induction in G. skinneri.

scholarly journals 584 PB 097 MICROPROPAGATION AND REGENERATION OF AN ELITE ASIAN WHITE BIRCH SELECTION

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 515e-515
Author(s):  
Jeffrey P. Schnurr ◽  
Zongming Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Cold Hardiness ◽  
Woody Plant ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Regeneration System ◽  
White Birch ◽  
Dark Treatment ◽  
Dark Green ◽  
Selection Of

A selection of Betula platyphylla, from an open pollinated population, was made for upright growth habit, cold hardiness, and a dark green canopy. A micropropagation system was developed to overcome the difficulty with conventional propagation techniques. Shoot-tip cultures were best established in 3/4 strength MS medium supplemented with 0.1 μM thiadiazuron. After 5 weeks in culture, shoots were transferred to woody plant medium (WPM) with 4.4 μM BA. The highest proliferation rate occurred at 24 C on WPM, solidified with agar, and supplemented with 2.2 μM BA. Shoots rooted in vitro and ex vitro and have been established in the field. A regeneration system has also been developed using leaves from aseptic cultures. The optimum conditions for shoot regeneration include a 2-week dark treatment before exposure to a 16-h day/8-h night cycle. Large, healthy leaf explants cultured on WPM with 20 μM BA regenerated shoots at the highest frequency. Regenerated shoots, when transferred to the micropropagation system, proliferate successfully. Currently, a transformation system for this selection is being developed.

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