scholarly journals Leuciscus (Pisces, Cyprinidae) karyotypes: Transect of Portuguese populations

1998 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria João Collares-Pereira ◽  
M.I. Próspero ◽  
R.I. Biléu ◽  
E.M. Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Sex Chromosome ◽  
River Basins ◽  
Supernumerary Chromosome ◽  
Distribution Ranges ◽  
Structural Chromosome ◽  
Karyotype Structure ◽  
Sex Chromosome System ◽  
Submetacentric Pair ◽  
Hydrological Regimes

The presently described Iberian chubs - Leuciscus carolitertii and L. pyrenaicus - sampled throughout their distribution ranges in Portugal were cytogenetically analyzed. Their chromosome numbers were consistently 2n = 50, except for two specimens of L. carolitertii, which exhibited a supernumerary chromosome in some of the metaphases. The karyotypes were found to be highly typical for other Leuciscus taxa, as well as for European leuciscine cyprinids: the chromosome sets are dominated by metacentric and submetacentric elements with a reduced number of acrocentric pairs (three to four); the largest pair of the complements belongs typically to this latter category. The chubs from northern drainages, assignable to L. carolitertii, have apparently a more stable karyotype structure (12M:30S:8A) than the chubs from L. pyrenaicus, which have 12M:32S:6A, but may exhibit in the most southern river basins (Guadiana, Mira, Aljezur, Bordeira and Arade) more variable karyotypes. Besides, these data support the very recent discovery of two genetically distinct Leuciscus taxa in this region of the Iberian Peninsula, suggesting the stochastic fixation of structural chromosome rearrangements in these small and isolated drainages, which may be affected by bottlenecks due to significant variations in hydrological regimes. The NORs were apparently located in one small submetacentric pair of chromosomes and the presence of a heteromorphic sex chromosome system of the ZW/ZZ type was also evidenced for the Iberian endemic chubs.

The Persevering Cytotaxonomy: Discovery of a Unique XX/XY Sex Chromosome System in Catfishes Suggests the Existence of a New, Endemic and Rare Species

2018 ◽  
Vol 156 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dinaíza A. Rocha-Reis ◽  
Karina de Oliveira Brandão ◽  
Lurdes F. de Almeida-Toledo ◽  
Rubens Pazza ◽  
Karine F. Kavalco
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Rare Species ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Sex Chromosome ◽  
Supernumerary Chromosome ◽  
The Other ◽  
Allopatric Populations ◽  
Sex Chromosome System ◽  
Upper Paraná River ◽  
Upper Paraná River Basin

The genus Hypostomus has a broad geographic distribution in Brazilian rivers and comprises armored catfishes with a very complicated taxonomy due to the absence of morphological autapomorphies. The existence of nearly 10 allopatric populations with different karyotypes suggests that Hypostomusancistroides represents a species complex in the Upper Paraná River basin. In this paper, an unusual karyotype of an isolated H. aff. ancistroides population was investigated. All specimens of this sample have 2n = 66 chromosomes except for 1 male with 2n = 67, most likely due to a supernumerary chromosome. In this population, the sexes are dimorphic, the males are heterogametic, and an XX/XY sex chromosome system is present. Phylogenetic analysis using mitochondrial and nuclear DNAs indicated that this population forms a monophyletic group separate from the other populations of H.ancistroides and may represent an incipient species.

scholarly journals The Amazonian Red Side-Necked Turtle Rhinemys rufipes (Spix, 1824) (Testudines, Chelidae) Has a GSD Sex-Determining Mechanism with an Ancient XY Sex Microchromosome System

Cells ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 2088 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrik F. Viana ◽  
Eliana Feldberg ◽  
Marcelo B. Cioffi ◽  
Vinicius Tadeu de Carvalho ◽  
Sabrina Menezes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Sex Determination ◽  
Sex Chromosome ◽  
River Basins ◽  
Molecular Cytogenetic ◽  
Neotropical Species ◽  
Small Streams ◽  
Sex Chromosome System ◽  
Biological Aspects

The Amazonian red side-necked turtle Rhynemis rufipes is an endemic Amazonian Chelidae species that occurs in small streams throughout Colombia and Brazil river basins. Little is known about various biological aspects of this species, including its sex determination strategies. Among chelids, the greatest karyotype diversity is found in the Neotropical species, with several 2n configurations, including cases of triploidy. Here, we investigate the karyotype of Rhinemys rufipes by applying combined conventional and molecular cytogenetic procedures. This allowed us to discover a genetic sex-determining mechanism that shares an ancestral micro XY sex chromosome system. This ancient micro XY system recruited distinct repeat motifs before it diverged from several South America and Australasian species. We propose that such a system dates back to the earliest lineages of the chelid species before the split of South America and Australasian lineages.

scholarly journals Comparative analysis of C-heterochromatin, ribosomal and telomeric DNA markers in chromosomes of Pamphagidae grasshoppers from Morocco

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olesya G. Buleu ◽  
Ilyas Y. Jetybayev ◽  
Dragan P. Chobanov ◽  
Alexander G. Bugrov
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Ribosomal Dna ◽  
Sex Chromosome ◽  
Telomeric Dna ◽  
The Family ◽  
Structural Chromosome ◽  
Sex Chromosome System ◽  
Acrocentric Chromosomes ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
First Time

The karyotypes and the localization of C-bands, clusters of ribosomal DNA and telomeric repeats of 10 species of the family Pamphagidae from Morocco are described for the first time. The species studied belong to the subfamilies Pamphaginae and Thrinchinae. All species have karyotypes consisting of 19 and 20 acrocentric chromosomes and X0/XX sex chromosome system in males and females, respectively (2n♂=19, NF=19; 2n♀=20, NF=20). Despite the karyotype conservatism, we revealed differences in the location and size of C-heterochromatin blocks and ribosomal DNA clusters. A comparative analysis of these differences shows that karyotype divergences in this group is connected not to structural chromosome rearrangements, but to the evolution of repetitive DNA.

scholarly journals First cytogenetic information on four checkered beetles (Coleoptera, Cleridae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 541-547
Author(s):  
Atılay Yağmur Okutaner
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Y Chromosome ◽  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Sex Chromosome ◽  
Evolutionary Process ◽  
Sex Chromosome System ◽  
First Time

The karyotypes of four species of Cleridae (Coleoptera): Trichodes favarius (Illiger, 1802), Trichodes quadriguttatus Adams, 1817, Trichodes reichei (Mulsant et Rey, 1863), and Tilloidea transversalis (Charpentier, 1825) were reported for the first time with this study. The chromosome numbers of these four species were determined as 2n = 18, sex chromosome system Xyp, and all chromosomes were metacentric (the except y chromosome). Together with this study, the chromosome data of only 17 species are available in this family. It is remarkable that all of them display the same chromosome number and similar karyotypes. This may make the effect of karyotypical features important in interpreting the evolutionary process of Cleridae.

scholarly journals First cytogenetic information on four checkered beetles (Coleoptera, Cleridae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 541-547
Author(s):  
Atılay Yağmur Okutaner
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Y Chromosome ◽  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Sex Chromosome ◽  
Evolutionary Process ◽  
Sex Chromosome System ◽  
First Time

The karyotypes of four species of Cleridae (Coleoptera): Trichodes favarius (Illiger, 1802), Trichodes quadriguttatus Adams, 1817, Trichodes reichei (Mulsant et Rey, 1863), and Tilloidea transversalis (Charpentier, 1825) were reported for the first time with this study. The chromosome numbers of these four species were determined as 2n = 18, sex chromosome system Xyp, and all chromosomes were metacentric (the except y chromosome). Together with this study, the chromosome data of only 17 species are available in this family. It is remarkable that all of them display the same chromosome number and similar karyotypes. This may make the effect of karyotypical features important in interpreting the evolutionary process of Cleridae.

scholarly journals Evolution of a Multiple Sex-Chromosome System by Three-Sequential Translocations among Potential Sex-Chromosomes in the Taiwanese Frog Odorrana swinhoana

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 661
Author(s):  
Ikuo Miura ◽  
Foyez Shams ◽  
Si-Min Lin ◽  
Marcelo de Bello Cioffi ◽  
Thomas Liehr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Chromosomes ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Sex Chromosome ◽  
Sex Chromosome System ◽  
Brown Frog ◽  
Male Specific

Translocation between sex-chromosomes and autosomes generates multiple sex-chromosome systems. It happens unexpectedly, and therefore, the evolutionary meaning is not clear. The current study shows a multiple sex chromosome system comprising three different chromosome pairs in a Taiwanese brown frog (Odorrana swinhoana). The male-specific three translocations created a system of six sex-chromosomes, ♂X1Y1X2Y2X3Y3 -♀X1X1X2X2X3X3. It is unique in that the translocations occurred among three out of the six members of potential sex-determining chromosomes, which are known to be involved in sex-chromosome turnover in frogs, and the two out of three include orthologs of the sex-determining genes in mammals, birds and fishes. This rare case suggests sex-specific, nonrandom translocations and thus provides a new viewpoint for the evolutionary meaning of the multiple sex chromosome system.

scholarly journals Karyotype description of three species of Loricariidae (Siluriformes) and occurrence of the ZZ/ZW sexual system in Hemiancistrus spilomma Cardoso & Lucinda, 2003

2006 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renildo Ribeiro de Oliveira ◽  
Issakar Lima Souza ◽  
Paulo Cesar Venere
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Pair ◽  
Sex Chromosome ◽  
Sexual System ◽  
Freshwater Systems ◽  
Phylogenetic Studies ◽  
Cytogenetic Data ◽  
Sex Chromosome System

The neotropical freshwater systems have a high number of catfish species (Siluriformes), and many of those are denominated "cascudos" in Brazil. Cytogenetic data about three "cascudos" species fished in the rio Araguaia are described in the present study. The Pterygoplichthys joselimaianus showed 2n=52, with 28 metacentrics (M) chromosomes, 16 submetacentrics (SM) and 8 subtelocentrics/acrocentrics (ST/A) in both sexes. Hemiancistrus spinosissimus showed 2n=52, with karyotype formulae 26M+22SM+4ST, in both sexes. Hemiancistrusspilomma also showed 2n=52, but in this species a ZZ/ZW sex chromosome system (25M+21SM+6ST in females and 24M+22SM+6ST in males) was observed. The cells from H. spinosissimus and P. joselimaianus showed one chromosome pair bearing Ag-NORs, while in the H. spilomma three chromosome pairs bearing Ag-NORs were detected. The data showed in this work reveal particular chromosomal characteristics, important for a good recognition of both Hemincistrus species, and also show the importance of the insertion of cytogenetic data on taxonomic phylogenetic studies.

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