scholarly journals Effect of Organic Matter on Manganese Solubility

2002 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilene Andrade ◽  
Mário Miyazawa ◽  
Marcos A. Pavan ◽  
Edson L. de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Acid Soil ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Bare Soil ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Carbon Oxidation ◽  
Organic Carbon Oxidation ◽  
Increasing Temperature ◽  
Aluminum Solubility

The objective of this study was to re-evaluate some aspects of the relative importance of organic matter on Mn solubility in acid soil conditions. Field study showed that black oats, oil seed radish, elephant grass, lupin, leucaena, and coffee leaves serving as mulch decreased Mn solubility as compared with bare soil. The decrease in Mn solubility with plant mulch was related to increase in soil moisture content. Laboratory study showed that increasing temperature from 25 to 100ºC increased Mn solubility and total soil organic carbon was little changed; from 150 to 200ºC increased both Mn solubility and organic carbon oxidation, and up to 300ºC decreased Mn solubility and stoped organic carbon oxidation . Aluminum solubility always increased with increasing temperature. Organic matter exerted a control in both Mn and Al solubilities in acid soils.

scholarly journals Impacts of soil moisture level and organic matter content on growth of two Juncus species and Poa pratensis grown under acid soil conditions

Weed Research ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 490-500
Author(s):  
W Kaczmarek‐Derda ◽  
M Helgheim ◽  
J Netland ◽  
H Riley ◽  
K Wærnhus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Poa Pratensis ◽  
Acid Soil ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Moisture Level ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Soil Moisture Level

Organic carbon oxidation and preservation in NW Atlantic continental margin sediments

1987 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 215-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Heggie ◽  
C. Maris ◽  
A. Hudson ◽  
J. Dymond ◽  
R. Beach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Continental Margin ◽  
Carbon Oxidation ◽  
Organic Carbon Oxidation

scholarly journals Effects of ozonation and temperature on biodegradation of natural organic matter in biological granular activated carbon filters

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. T. J. van der Aa ◽  
L. C. Rietveld ◽  
J. C. van Dijk
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Granular Activated Carbon ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Production ◽  
Oxygen Removal ◽  
Theoretical Maximum ◽  
Increasing Temperature

Abstract. Four pilot (biological) granular activated carbon ((B)GAC) filters were operated to quantify the effects of ozonation and water temperature on the biodegradation of natural organic matter (NOM) in (B)GAC filters. Removal of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), assimilable organic carbon (AOC) and oxygen and the production of carbon dioxide were taken as indicators for NOM biodegradation. Ozonation stimulated DOC and AOC removal in the BGAC filters, but had no significant effect on oxygen removal and carbon dioxide production. The temperature had no significant effect on DOC and AOC removal, while oxygen removal and carbon dioxide production increased with increasing temperature. Multivariate linear regression was used to quantify these relations. In summer the ratio between oxygen consumption and DOC removal exceeded the theoretical maximum of 2.5 g O2·g C−1 and the ratio between carbon dioxide production and DOC removal exceeded the theoretical maximum of 3.7 g CO2·g C−1. Bioregeneration of large NOM molecules could explain this excesses and the non-correlation between DOC and AOC removal and oxygen removal and carbon dioxide production. However bioregeneration of large NOM molecules was considered not likely to happen, due to sequestration.

CADMIUM IN DIFFERENT PLANT SPECIES AND ITS AVAILABILITY IN SOILS AS INFLUENCED BY ORGANIC MATTER AND ADDITIONS OF LIME, P, Cd AND Zn

1976 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 129-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. MACLEAN
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Acid Soil ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Cd Uptake ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Plant Parts

The Cd concentration in 10 plant species grown in a neutral surface soil (0.65 ppm Cd) varied from 0.18 ppm in potato tubers to 0.99 ppm in soybean roots on a dry matter basis. Addition of 5 ppm Cd increased the concentrations in the plants markedly and they were particularly high in lettuce (10.36 ppm) and tobacco leaves (11.57 ppm). Cd concentrations tended to be lower in the edible portion (seed, fruit, tubers) than in other plant parts. Added Cd affected yields in only a few instances. But in another experiment, Cd added at a rate of 5 ppm to five soils decreased the yield of lettuce in most instances. In a comparison of results for two similarly managed sandy loam soils, nearly neutral in reaction but differing in organic matter content (2.17 vs. 15.95% organic C), the concentration of Cd was lower in lettuce grown in the soil with the higher amount of organic matter. The Cd content of the lettuce was reduced by liming some of the acid soils. Addition of Cd increased the concentration of Zn in the plants appreciably, but added Zn did not affect Cd uptake. In an incubation experiment comprising five soils, DTPA (diethylenetriamine-pentaacetic acid) extractable Cd decreased with liming of three Cd-treated acid soil samples. In comparisons of two sandy loam soils and of surface and subsoil layers of a sand, extractable Cd increased with higher amounts of soil organic matter.

Particulate organic matter in soil under different management systems in the Brazilian Cerrado

Soil Research ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 50 (8) ◽  
pp. 685 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arcângelo Loss ◽  
Marcos Gervasio Pereira ◽  
Adriano Perin ◽  
Fernando Silva Coutinho ◽  
Lúcia Helena Cunha dos Anjos
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
The Other ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Brazilian Cerrado ◽  
Cerrado Vegetation ◽  
No Till ◽  
Planting System

The combination of the no-till planting system (NTS) and pasture (e.g. brachiaria grass, Urochloa sp.) for livestock production constitutes a crop–livestock integration (CLI) system. CLI systems significantly increase the total organic carbon (TOC) content of soil and the particulate organic carbon (POC) of soil organic matter (SOM). The present study evaluated TOC and the granulometric fractions of SOM under different management systems in a Cerrado area in the state of Goiás. Two areas applying crop rotation were evaluated, one using CLI (corn/brachiaria grass/bean/cotton/soybean planted sequentially) and the other NTS (sunflower/pearl millet/soybean/corn planted sequentially). A third area covered with natural Cerrado vegetation (Cerradão) served as a reference to determine original soil conditions. Soil was randomly sampled at 0–5, 5–10, 10–20, and 20–40 cm. The TOC, POC, and mineral-associated organic carbon (MOC) were assessed, and POC and MOC stocks calculated. The CLI system resulted in greater TOC levels than NTS (0–5, 5–10, and 10–20 cm). Compared with the Cerradão, CLI areas exhibited higher stocks of TOC (at 5–10 and 10–20 cm) and POC (at 0–40 cm). Results obtained for TOC and POC fractions show that land management with CLI was more efficient in increasing SOM than NTS. Moreover, when compared with NTS, the CLI system provided better POC stratification.

Organic carbon oxidation and benthic nitrogen and silica dynamics in San Clemente Basin, a continental borderland site

1989 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 685-697 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Bender ◽  
Richard Jahnke ◽  
Weiss Ray ◽  
William Martin ◽  
David T. Heggie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Carbon Oxidation ◽  
Organic Carbon Oxidation

Response of sweet potato cultivars to acid soil infertility factors. II. Effects of calcium supply and soluble aluminium on early growth

2000 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
V. P. Ila'ava ◽  
C. J. Asher ◽  
F. P. C. Blamey
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Acid Soil ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Solution Culture ◽  
Potato Cultivars ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Good Growth ◽  
Calcium Supply ◽  
Conventional Solution ◽  
Potato Growth

Good growth in acid soils suggests that sweet potato may be tolerant of acid soil infertility factors such as Al toxicity or Ca deficiency. In a conventional solution culture experiment, 4 cultivars responded positively when solution Ca concentration was increased from approximately 4 to 1300 □М. However, a subsequent flowing solution culture (FSC) experiment showed no significant (P > 0.05) differences in growth by most of the 15 cultivars studied when solution Ca concentration was increased from 45 to 400 □М. Hence, it was concluded that sweet potato could be fairly tolerant of low Ca supply. In contrast, soluble Al markedly decreased growth of the 15 sweet potato cultivars studied. The results of the present study indicate that Al rather than low Ca supply would be more important in limiting sweet potato growth in acid soils. Furthermore, tolerance to low Ca and soluble Al appears to be linked in sweet potato. These results highlight the importance of selecting sweet potato cultivars for specific soil conditions such as soil acidity.

scholarly journals Análisis de poblaciones de micorrizas en maíz (Zea mays) cultivado en suelos ácidos bajo diferentes tratamientos agronómicos

2004 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana María Serralde O. ◽  
María Margarita Ramírez G.
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Am Fungi ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Stepwise Multiple Regression ◽  
Soil Conditions

<p>Mediante el seguimiento de cultivos experimentales en suelos ácidos de los Llanos Orientales, durante un periodo de cinco años consecutivos (1997-2001), se evaluaron las poblaciones nativas de hongos micorrícicos arbusculares (MA) asociados con dos variedades de maíz: ICA- Sikuani V-110 y la variedad regional criolla Clavito, analizando su comportamiento bajo distintos tratamientos con abono orgánico (gallinaza), abono verde (Caupí) y testigo sin aplicación de materiales orgánicos, para un total de seis tratamientos. De 7.924 esporas analizadas se aislaron veinticuatro morfotipos identificados morfológica y molecularmente. Se determinó la relación de las condiciones del suelo (pH, los contenidos de materia orgánica, P, K, Al+++ y % saturación Al) con el comportamiento de las poblaciones de MA. Con la aplicación del Análisis de Regresión Múltiple (Stepwise), se obtuvieron coeficientes significativos (P≤ 0.001 y R2 ≥ 83) para todas las variables y se seleccionaron como variables predictivas principales el pH y la materia orgánica del suelo, que presentaron coeficientes significativos para cinco y cuatro de los siete modelos establecidos, respectivamente. La técnica molecular empleada basada en la Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa (PCR), con el uso de primers específicos, permitió la identificación confirmatoria de las esporas aisladas de los géneros <em>Glomus, Entrophospora </em>y <em>Gigaspora</em>. Además, mediante el uso de esta metodología se logró identificar la presencia del género <em>Glomus</em>en raíces de maíz altamente colonizadas.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Mycorrhiza populations analysis in corn (<em>Zea mays</em>) cultivated in acid soils under different agronomic treatments</strong></p><p>A study was carried out to evaluate the populations of native arbuscular mycorrhizas (AM) fungi on established crops on acid soils of the Colombian Eastern Plains, for a period of five years (1997-2001). Fungi spores were isolated from the crop-fungi association of two maize cultivars: ICASikuani V-110 and the regional cultivar Clavito. The mycorrhizal behavior was evaluated under six different organic fertilization treatments, which included green manure (cowpea), chicken manure and a control treatment (no application). From a total of 7924 spores, 24 different types of mycorrhiza were characterized using morphological and molecular analysis. The relation between soil conditions (pH, organic matter contents, P, K, Al+++ and % Al saturation) and AM fungi populations was analysed using a Stepwise Multiple Regression model. According to the regression coefficients obtained (P≤ 0.001 y R2 ≥ 0.83), soil pH and organic matter content were the independent variables that explained most of the variation observed in AM populations. The molecular methodology was based on the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and the use of specific primers allowed to identify spores from <em>Glomus</em>, <em>Entrophospora </em>and <em>Gigaspora</em>. This methodology also provided the identification of fungi from the <em>Glomus </em>genera in highly colonized maize roots.</p>

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