scholarly journals Community ecology of the metazoan parasites of namorado sandperches, Pseudopercis numida Miranda-Ribeiro, 1903 and P. semifasciata Cuvier, 1829 (Perciformes: Pinguipedidae), from the coastal zone of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

2008 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
JL. Luque ◽  
NN. Felizardo ◽  
LER. Tavares
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Parasite Species ◽  
Neotropical Region ◽  
Component Community ◽  
New Host ◽  
Metazoan Parasites ◽  
Parasite Abundance ◽  
Parasite Species Richness ◽  
Total Length

One hundred and twenty-eight specimens of namorado sandperches, 62 P. numida and 66 P. semifasciata, collected between October 2002 and June 2003 off the Cabo Frio, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (Lat 23° S and Long 42° W), were examined to study their metazoan parasites. Parasite communities of these fish were composed basically of endoparasites, mainly digenean and cestodes species, with low prevalence and abundance but having high parasite species richness values (at the component community level). Among these values, that found for P. numida is the highest so far recorded for marine fishes from the Neotropical Region. Thirty-nine species of metazoan parasites were collected: 36 from P. numida and 28 from P. semifasciata. Twenty-five parasite species were common to both species of namorado sandperches. Pseudopercis numida and P. semifasciata are new host records for all parasite species collected, with the exception of Microcotyle pseudopercis. Choanodera sp., Leurodera decora, Neolebouria georgenascimentoi, and Proctoeces sp. which were recorded for the first time in the South American Atlantic Ocean. Gnathia sp. from P. numida and Scolex pleuronectis from P. semifasciata were the species having the greatest dominance frequency. Parasite abundance in P. numida and P. semifasciata were positively correlated with the host total length. Only in P. numida was parasite species richness correlated positively with the host total length. No significant differences between endoparasite infracommunities of P. numida and P. semifasciata were detected. The ectoparasites of P. numida had higher values for parasite abundance, parasite richness, Brillouin index, evenness index, and Berger-Parker index than those of the ectoparasites of P. semifasciata. Comparisons among all ecto- and endoparasites showed the ectoparasites of P. numida as the most heterogeneous group. Low similarity values were observed among the three types of parasite infracommunities of the two hosts.

scholarly journals Ecologia da comunidade de metazoários parasitos do dourado, Coryphaena hippurus Linnaeus, 1758, (Osteichthyes: Coryphaenidae) do litoral do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (16) ◽  
pp. 111
Author(s):  
Livia Castro Marques ◽  
Dimitri Ramos Alves
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Dominant Species ◽  
Parasite Species ◽  
Metazoan Parasites ◽  
Parasite Abundance ◽  
Parasite Species Richness ◽  
Metazoan Parasite ◽  
Total Length ◽  
Coryphaena Hippurus

From April 2009 and July 2010, 68 specimens of common dolphinfish Coryphaena hippurus Linnaeus, 1758 (Osteichthyes: Coryphaenidae) collected from coast of the state of Rio de Janeiro (21-23° S, 41-45° W), were necropsied to study their infracommunities of metazoan parasites. Seventeen species of metazoan parasites were collected. All fish were parasitized by one or more metazoan. The digeneans were the majority of the specimens collected, with 90.7%. Dinurus tornatus (Rudolphi, 1819) was the dominant species with highest abundance, prevalence, frequency of dominance and mean relative dominance. The parasites species of C. hippurus showed a typical aggregate pattern of distribution. None metazoan parasites species showed correlation between total length and prevalence and parasite abundance. The metazoan parasite infracommunities C. hippurus showed dominance of endoparasites (digeneans) and no correlation between abundance and parasite species richness and the total length of the host.

scholarly journals Ecologia da comunidade de metazoários parasitos do dourado, Coryphaena hippurus Linnaeus, 1758, (Osteichthyes: Coryphaenidae) do litoral do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (16) ◽  
pp. 111-122
Author(s):  
Livia Castro Marques ◽  
Dimitri Ramos Alves
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Dominant Species ◽  
Parasite Species ◽  
Metazoan Parasites ◽  
Parasite Abundance ◽  
Parasite Species Richness ◽  
Metazoan Parasite ◽  
Total Length ◽  
Coryphaena Hippurus

From April 2009 and July 2010, 68 specimens of common dolphinfish Coryphaena hippurus Linnaeus, 1758 (Osteichthyes: Coryphaenidae) collected from coast of the state of Rio de Janeiro (21-23° S, 41-45° W), were necropsied to study their infracommunities of metazoan parasites. Seventeen species of metazoan parasites were collected. All fish were parasitized by one or more metazoan. The digeneans were the majority of the specimens collected, with 90.7%. Dinurus tornatus (Rudolphi, 1819) was the dominant species with highest abundance, prevalence, frequency of dominance and mean relative dominance. The parasites species of C. hippurus showed a typical aggregate pattern of distribution. None metazoan parasites species showed correlation between total length and prevalence and parasite abundance. The metazoan parasite infracommunities C. hippurus showed dominance of endoparasites (digeneans) and no correlation between abundance and parasite species richness and the total length of the host.

scholarly journals Metazoan parasites of Mugil curema (Osteichthyes: Mugilidae) from the coastal Rio de Janeiro

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (24) ◽  
pp. 67-75
Author(s):  
Dimitri Ramos Alves
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Dominant Species ◽  
Parasite Species ◽  
Brazilian Coast ◽  
Metazoan Parasites ◽  
Parasite Abundance ◽  
Mean Intensity ◽  
Parasite Species Richness

From May to August 2011, 55 specimens of white mullet Mugil curema Valenciennes, 1836 (Osteichthyes: Mugilidae) collected from coast of the State of Rio de Janeiro (21-23° S, 41-45° W), were necropsied to study their communities of metazoan parasites. Two species of metazoan parasites were collected: Floridosentis mugilis Machado, 1951 (Acantocephala: Neoechinorhynchidae) and Metamicrocotyla macracantha Alexander, 1954 (Monogenea: Microcotylidae). The majority of the fishes (n = 41; 74.5%) were parasitized by at least one metazoan species. Three hundred twenty-four specimens, with an average of 5.8 ± 7.6 per host, were collected. Floridosentis mugilis constituted the majority of specimens collected (n = 319), was the dominant species, with highest prevalence, abundance, intensity and mean intensity. The parasites species showed a typical over-dispersed pattern of distribution. The abundance of the species F. mugilis and total parasites collected showed negative correlation with host total length. The metazoan parasites community of M. curema showed dominance of endoparasites, no correlation between parasite abundance and the lack of relationship between the sex of host and parasite rates. Mugil curema showed low parasite species richness when compared with studies on the parasitic fauna of mugilids of the Brazilian coast.

scholarly journals Community ecology of the metazoan parasites of Brazilian sardinella, Sardinella brasiliensis (Steindachner, 1879) (Actinopterygii: Clupeidae) from the coastal zone of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

2015 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 736-741 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Moreira ◽  
F Paschoal ◽  
AD Cezar ◽  
JL Luque
Keyword(s):  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Host Record ◽  
Parasite Community ◽  
The State ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
New Host ◽  
Metazoan Parasites ◽  
Parasite Abundance ◽  
Total Length

AbstractBetween March 2010 and August 2011 were necropsied 100 specimens of Sardinella brasiliensis (Steindachner, 1879), from the coast of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (22°51’S, 43°56’W), to study their community of metazoan parasites. All specimens of S. brasiliensis were parasitized by at least one species of metazoan parasite, with mean of 68.7 ± 71.2 parasites/fish. Eleven species were collected: 3 digeneans, 1 monogenean, 2 cestodes, 3 nematodes and 2 copepods. The digenean Myosaccium ecaude Montgomery was the most abundant, prevalent, and dominant species, representing 72.7% of metazoan parasites collected, showing positive correlation between host’s total length and parasite abundance. Total parasite abundance was positively correlated with host’s total length. Three pairs of adult endoparasites showed significant positive association and covariation. The parasite community of S. brasiliensis showed dominance by digeneans. Sardinella brasiliensis represents new host record for most found parasite species.

Determinants of the parasite community of clariid fishes from Lake Victoria, Tanzania

2008 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chacha Mwita ◽  
Gamba Nkwengulila
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Parasite Species ◽  
Lake Victoria ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Parasite Community ◽  
Community Level ◽  
Component Community ◽  
Metazoan Parasites ◽  
Parasite Species Richness

AbstractThe factors that determine parasite assemblages among the clariid fishes of Lake Victoria, Tanzania were studied between August 2003 and February 2005. Six hundred and fifty-six fish belonging to seven species were necropsied and examined for parasites, from which 31 species of metazoan parasites were recorded. The community was dominated by the nematodes both in species and numbers. Most species were generalists with only two trematodes, Diplostomum mashonense and Tylodelphys species, being specialists of Clarias gariepinus. Ten species were considered core and predictable. Parasite species richness, number of individuals per host and Shannon–Wiener diversity indices were generally high. At the compound community level, a mean number of 7.8 parasites were shared among different species of fish and the maximum number of parasites species per fish at the infracommunity level was seven. Levels of similarity in parasite species richness at the component community level ranged from 29.6 to 61.5%. The study concludes that parasite communities in clariid fishes of Lake Victoria are structured by ecological factors. At the infracommunity level, host size, diet and vagility promoted a richer parasite community. At the compound level, two factors were crucial, namely the intermixing of the waters in the lake and the predominant and mobile C. gariepinus.

scholarly journals Community ecology of the metazoan parasites of the Atlantic thread herring, Opisthonema oglinum (Lesueur, 1818) (Actinopterygii: Clupeidae) from the Sepetiba Bay, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Chaves ◽  
F. Paschoal
Keyword(s):  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Parasite Species ◽  
Host Record ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Brazilian Coast ◽  
New Host ◽  
Metazoan Parasites ◽  
Sepetiba Bay ◽  
Total Length ◽  
The Mean

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the parasitic fauna of Opisthonema oglinum (Lesueur, 1818) from Southeastern Brazil. Between September 2017 and March 2018, a total of 100 specimens of O. oglinum from the Sepetiba Bay, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (22°54'S, 43°34'W) were examined. Ninety one specimens of O. oglinum were parasitized by at least one species of metazoan with a mean of 5.84 ± 7.98 parasites/fish. Seven species were collected: 2 digeneans, 2 monogeneans, 2 copepods and 1 nematode. The digenean Parahemiurus merus (Linton) was the most abundant and dominant species, representing 43% of metazoan parasites collected. The parasite species richness was positively correlated with the total length of the hosts. Only Neobomolochus elongatus Cressey showed a positive correlation between host's total length and parasite prevalence. The mean parasite species diversity was not correlated with host's total length, but significant differences among the mean parasite diversity between males and females was observed. Opisthonema oglinum represents a new host record for Caligus mutabilis Wilson, Hysterothylacium sp. and Cribomazocraes travassosi Santos and Kohn. The copepod N. elongatus is recorded for the first time on the Brazilian coast.

scholarly journals Community ecology of metazoan parasites of the anchovy Anchoa tricolor (Osteichthyes: Engraulidae) from the coastal zone of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

2005 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 533-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. E. R. Tavares ◽  
J. L. Luque ◽  
A. J. A. Bicudo
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Coastal Zone ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Parasite Community ◽  
The State ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Metazoan Parasites ◽  
Parasite Abundance ◽  
Metazoan Parasite ◽  
Total Length

Between October 2001 and March 2002, 103 specimens of A. tricolor from Angra dos Reis (23°01'S, 44°19'W), in the coastal zone of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, were analyzed in order to study their metazoan parasite infracommunities. Ten species of metazoan parasites were collected: 4 digeneans, 1 cestode, 1 acantocephalan, 2 nematodes, 1 copepod, and 1 hirudinean; 77.7% of the fishes were parasitized by one or more metazoan, with a mean of 3.5 ± 6.2 parasite/fish. Digenean was the most dominant with 4 species that accounted for 53.2% of the total parasites collected; Ergasilus sp. was the most abundant species. Abundance and prevalence of Parahemiurus merus (Linton, 1910) were positively correlated with the total length of host. Relationships between total body length of fish and both total parasite abundance and mean parasite species richness were observed. Mean parasite diversity of species was correlated to host's total length, with significant differences found between male and female fishes. Two pairs of larval species showed significant positive association and covariation. The metazoan parasite infracommunities of A. tricolor presented dominance of larval endoparasites; correlation of parasite abundance, diversity, and species richness with host total length; and low number of parasite interspecific relationships. The parasite community of A. tricolor showed some similarities with the parasite community of another South American Atlantic engraulid.

scholarly journals Parasite biodiversity and its determinants in coastal marine teleost fishes of Brazil

Parasitology ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 128 (6) ◽  
pp. 671-682 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. LUQUE ◽  
D. MOUILLOT ◽  
R. POULIN
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Parasite Species ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Taxonomic Distinctness ◽  
Depth Range ◽  
Metazoan Parasites ◽  
Parasite Species Richness ◽  
Parasite Biodiversity ◽  
Parasite Assemblages

Recent studies of the forces behind the diversification of parasite assemblages have shed light on many aspects of parasite biodiversity. By using only parasite species richness as their measure of diversity, however, previous investigations have ignored the relatedness among parasite species and the taxonomic structure of the assemblages, which contain much information about their evolutionary origins. Here, we performed a comparative analysis across 50 species of fish from the coast of Brazil; we evaluated the effects of several host traits (body size, social behaviour, feeding habits, preference for benthicvs. pelagic habitats, depth range, and ability to enter brackish waters) on the diversity of their assemblages of metazoan parasites. As measures of diversity, we used parasite species richness, as well as the average taxonomic distinctness of the assemblage and its variance; the latter measures are based on the average taxonomic distance between any two parasite species in an assemblage. Unlike parasite species richness, taxonomic distinctness was unaffected by the number of host individuals examined per species. Fish body length proved to be the main predictor of parasite species richness, even when controlling for the confounding influences of host phylogeny and sampling effort, although it did not correlate with measures of parasite taxonomic distinctness. Predatory fish also had higher parasite species richness than planktivores, but this trend could not be confirmed using phylogenetically independent contrasts between host taxa. The main host feature associated with the taxonomic diversity of parasites was schooling behaviour, with schooling fish having more taxonomically diverse parasite assemblages than those of their non-schooling relatives. When focusing on endoparasite species only, both predatory feeding habits and a broad depth range were associated with the taxonomic distinctness of parasites. Our results suggest that certain host traits (i.e. body size) determine how many parasite species a host can accumulate over evolutionary time, whereas different host features influence the processes causing the taxonomic diversification of parasite assemblages.

scholarly journals Community structure of metazoan parasites of silverside, Odontesthes bonariensis (Pisces, Atherinopsidae) from Argentina

2012 ◽  
Vol 102 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabiana B. Drago
Keyword(s):  
Parasite Species ◽  
Host Record ◽  
Component Community ◽  
New Host ◽  
Metazoan Parasites ◽  
Generalist Species ◽  
New Host Record ◽  
Host Sex ◽  
Odontesthes Bonariensis ◽  
Specialist Species

The helminth communities of silverside, Odontesthes bonariensis (Valenciennes, 1835), from two Argentinean lagoons were studied and compared at component community and infracommunity levels. Nine helminth species were found: five digeneans (Austrodiplostomum cf. mordax, Ascocotyle (Phagicola) cf. diminuta, Ascocotyle sp., Thometrema bonariensis and Saccocoelioides sp.); two nematodes (Contracaecum sp. and Hysterothylacium sp.); one acanthocephalan (Wolffhugelia matercula) and one cestode (Cangatiella macdonaghi). Odontesthes bonariensis is a new host record for five parasite species. Richness, diversity and number of helminths in silversides from Salada Grande lagoon were higher than in those from Lacombe lagoon. This could be related with lagoon size, abundance of mollusks and fish-eating birds, and size and diet of silversides captured in each lagoon. In Salada Grande lagoon the helminth community of silversides was dominated by the allogenic and generalist species A. cf. mordax; while the autogenic and intermediate specialist species C. macdonaghi was dominant in Lacombe lagoon. Host sex did not affect richness, diversity or total abundance, whereas host size was positively correlated with these attributes, except diversity in Salada Grande lagoon.

scholarly journals Metazoan parasites of Mandi-amarelo Pimelodus maculatus and of Jundiá Rhamdia quelen (Osteichthyes: Siluriformes) of Paraíba do Sul River, Volta Redonda, Rio de Janeiro

2010 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 157-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Cristine Pinto Venancio ◽  
Gesilene Ribeiro de Aguiar ◽  
Patrícia da Silva Lopes ◽  
Dimitri Ramos Alves
Keyword(s):  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Dominant Species ◽  
Parasite Species ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
The Body ◽  
Metazoan Parasites ◽  
Total Length ◽  
Rhamdia Quelen ◽  
Pimelodus Maculatus ◽  
Paraíba Do Sul River

Forty-one specimens of mandi-amarelo Pimelodus maculatus Lacépède, 1803 (Siluriformes: Pimelodidae) and 54 specimens of jundiá Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824) (Siluriformes: Heptapteridae) were collected from the Paraíba do Sul River, Volta Redonda, State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil between November 2007 and October 2008. These fish underwent necropsy so their infracommunities of metazoan parasites could be studied. The same three species of parasites were collected in the two fish species studied. These were one monogenean, one nematode, and one hirudinean. Cucullanus pinnai (Travassos, Artiga, and Pereira, 1928) (Nematoda: Cucullanidae) and Aphanoblastella sp. (Monogenea: Dactylogyridae) were the dominant species with the highest prevalence in P. maculatus and R. quelen. The parasite species of P. maculatus and R. quelen showed an atypical over-dispersed pattern of distribution. No parasite species showed significant correlation between the body total length of the siluriform hosts and their prevalence and abundance. The parasite species richness showed a mean value of 0.87 ± 0.67 (0 -2) and 0.57 ± 0.56 (0 -2) in P. maculatus and R. quelen, respectively, and no correlation with the body total length.

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