scholarly journals AN EXPERIMENT USING THE GRAPHIC VARIABLE COLOR AND THE SEE COLOR CODE ON ISARITHMIC MAPS ACCESSIBLE TO BLIND AND NORMALLY SIGHTED PEOPLE

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Niédja Sodré de Araújo ◽  
Fabrício Rosa Amorim ◽  
Amanda Pereira Antunes ◽  
Sandra Regina Marchi ◽  
Marcio Augusto Reolon Schmidt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Basic Education ◽  
Spatial Knowledge ◽  
Blind People ◽  
Coding System ◽  
Color Coding ◽  
Color Code ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Normal Color Vision ◽  
Graphic Language ◽  
Tactile Maps

Abstract: The See Color is a color coding system based on Braille writing to communicate colors to people with visual impairments. This study assessed the perception of the theme Temperature by blind people, by using the See Color code on two isarithmic tactile maps and the perception of subjects with normal color vision. An average temperature map of Australia had 10 classes, but these intervals were regrouped into four classes on Corel Draw software. The new map was duplicated in the digital project in A4 size, both included the See Color code in two color schemes obtained from the Color Brewer website. Subsequently, they were laser-printed on swell paper to produce the tactile relief. The chromatic perception was observed, as well as the thermal sensations that the colors could represent for blind participants (06), normally sighted participants in basic education (23), and normally sighted participants in higher education (20). In this research, the See Color code showed the potential to provide spatial knowledge as a graphic language through colors in color maps for adventitiously blind and for normally sighted participants based on their perception of colors and tactile color codes.

The Presentation of Information to the Job-Shop Scheduler

1978 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 725-732 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Gibson ◽  
Lampros Laios
Keyword(s):  
Job Shop ◽  
Problem Solution ◽  
Color Coding ◽  
Color Code ◽  
Gantt Chart ◽  
Machine Utilization ◽  
Graphic Methods

Three graphic methods of presenting scheduling information were compared with each other and with a conventional, numerical presentation. The graphic methods were based on the Gantt chart, and all three proved more effective than the numerical presentation in helping the subjects produce efficient schedules. One method in particular which used a machines-by-time organization and identified machines by color code proved superior to the others. This is explained in terms of the perceptual nature of problem solution using these methods. It is suggested that this organization of information be adopted when the primary criterion for schedule evaluation is machine utilization and there are limitations on the display space and color-coding available.

Differences in Spatial Knowledge of Individuals With Blindness When Using Audiotactile Maps, Using Tactile Maps, and Walking

2018 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 330-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantinos Papadopoulos ◽  
Marialena Barouti ◽  
Eleni Koustriava
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Information ◽  
Visual Impairments ◽  
Cognitive Maps ◽  
Cognitive Map ◽  
Spatial Knowledge ◽  
Spatial Coding ◽  
Direct Experience ◽  
Tactile Maps ◽  
Experimental Trials ◽  
Blind Individuals

To examine how individuals with visual impairments understand space and the way they develop cognitive maps, we studied the differences in cognitive maps resulting from different methods and tools for spatial coding in large geographical spaces. We examined the ability of 21 blind individuals to create cognitive maps of routes in unfamiliar areas using (a) audiotactile maps, (b) tactile maps, and (c) direct experience of movement along the routes. We also compared participants’ cognitive maps created with the use of audiotactile maps, tactile maps, and independent movement along the routes with regard to their precision (i.e., the correctness or incorrectness of spatial information location) and inclusiveness (i.e., the amount of spatial information included correctly in the cognitive map). The results of the experimental trials demonstrated that becoming familiar with an area is easier for blind individuals when they use a tactile aide, such as an audiotactile map, as compared with walking along the route.

The Application of a Standard Color Coding System to Paint in Forensic Science

1976 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 10536J ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Fouweather ◽  
R. W. May ◽  
J. Porter
Keyword(s):  
Forensic Science ◽  
Coding System ◽  
Color Coding ◽  
Standard Color

scholarly journals Developing Spatial Knowledge in the Absence of Vision: Allocentric and Egocentric Representations Generated by Blind People When Supported by Auditory Cues

2010 ◽  
Vol 50 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Latini Corazzini ◽  
Carla Tinti ◽  
Susanna Schmidt ◽  
Chiara Mirandola ◽  
Cesare Cornoldi
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Knowledge ◽  
Blind People ◽  
Auditory Cues

Built-In Indicators to Support Business Intelligence in OLAP Databases

2010 ◽  
pp. 108-127
Author(s):  
Jérôme Cubillé ◽  
Christian Derquenne ◽  
Sabine Goutier ◽  
Françoise Guisnel ◽  
Henri Klajnmic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Measure ◽  
Data Cube ◽  
Data Exploration ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Coding System ◽  
Color Coding ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
System A ◽  
Statistical Criteria

This chapter is in the scope of static and dynamic discovery-driven explorations of a data cube. It presents different methods to facilitate the whole process of data exploration. Each kind of analysis (static or dynamic) is developed for either a count measure or a quantitative measure. Both are based on the calculation, on the fly, of specific statistical built-in indicators. Firstly, a global methodology is proposed to help a dynamic discovery-driven exploration. It aims at identifying the most relevant dimensions to expand. A built-in rank on dimensions is restituted interactively, at each step of the process. Secondly, to help a static discovery-driven exploration, generalized statistical criteria are detailed to detect and highlight interesting cells within a cube slice. The cell’s degree of interest is determined by the calculation of either test-value or Chi-Square contribution. Their display is done by a color-coding system. A proof of concept implementation on the ORACLE 10g system is described at the end of the chapter.

Color Coding of Information on Electronic Displays

1976 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 210-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Haeusing
Keyword(s):  
Contrast Ratio ◽  
Human Information Processing ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Information Coding ◽  
Color Coding ◽  
Color Code ◽  
Electronic Displays ◽  
Raster Scan ◽  
Cie Chromaticity ◽  
And Training

The effectiveness of human information processing depends largely on information coding. This paper reports an experiment on color codes suitable for use on electronic raster-scan displays (color TV-monitors). The experiment was designed to determine if results of color code experiments with surface and projected colors are also applicable to TV colors. The objectives were to select and optimize a multi-element color code suitable for TV displays that will permit each color to be correctly and reliably identified even when presented one at a time thereby requiring absolute judgements; and to determine the smallest TV symbol sizes which can be used with the color codes assuming that contrast ratio and luminance levels are within recommended ranges. For color symbols subtending a visual angle of 45′ or more and which were presented on the display screen one at a time 6 color regions could be found, that were judged correctly with a frequency of 90% or better. With symbols of less than 30′ of visual arc only 4 colors were reliably and correctly judged. It is possible that comparative judgement situations and training with the use of color codes could expand considerably the number of colors that could be used for coding purposes and also improve judgement reliability. Future research in this direction is recommended. Color regions from where coding colors should be selected, are shown by their representation in the CIE chromaticity plane. Some additional design recommendations for the use of color on raster-scan displays are provided.

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