scholarly journals Anatomical evaluation of the cervical vertebrae of Wistar rats by means of digital radiographs and its correlation with the maturation stages of human cervical vertebrae

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 82-88
Author(s):  
Roberto Hiroshi Matsui ◽  
Julio Cezar de Melo Castilho ◽  
Luiz César de Moraes ◽  
Mônica Fernandes Gomes ◽  
Kurt Faltin Júnior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Cervical Vertebrae ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Bone Age ◽  
Skeletal Maturation ◽  
Growth Spurt ◽  
Digital Radiographs ◽  
Maturation Stages ◽  
Development Assessment

INTRODUCTION: Biological age is an important parameter for growth and development assessment. It can be evaluated through the observation of radiographic changes in skeletal maturation of cervical vertebrae. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to: a) verify if there is correlation between growth curve and the stages of bone age of animals used in laboratories, by evaluating radiographs of the cervical vertebrae; b) correlate these stages with their correspondents in humans. METHODS: 35 Wistar rats were evaluated for a period of 160 days, starting at day 22nd (weaning), with cross sections for periodic weighing, length measurement and digital radiography. Radiographs of the cervical vertebrae (C2 and C3) were measured by means of a computer program (Radio IMP). Data were submitted to statistical analysis (ANOVA) and Pearson correlation. RESULTS: Growth spurt was characterized by fast increasing in weight and length. Through ANOVA, differences were observed in the cervical measurements between days 22, 97, 127, 157, 187 and 217 (p <0.001). A high correlation was found between increasing in body length and weight, as well as in cervical vertebrae height (r = 0.86). Increments in concavities of vertebrae were also observed, similar to humans. CONCLUSIONS: There is correlation between body growth and maturation of cervical vertebrae in rats. Despite the continuous development of concavities, it was not possible to clearly identify the 5/6 stages as in studies of cervical vertebrae maturation in humans.

scholarly journals Relationship between dental calcification and skeletal maturation in a Peruvian sample

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 89-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rocío M. Lecca-Morales ◽  
Marcos J. Carruitero
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Vertebrae ◽  
Skeletal Maturation ◽  
Growth Spurt ◽  
Mandibular Growth ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Second Molar ◽  
Pubertal Growth ◽  
Mandibular Molar ◽  
Maturation Stages ◽  
Mandibular Second Molar

ABSTRACT Objective: the objective of the study was to determine the relationship between dental calcification stages and skeletal maturation in a Peruvian sample. Methods: panoramic, cephalometric and carpal radiographs of 78 patients (34 girls and 44 boys) between 7 and 17 years old (9.90 ± 2.5 years) were evaluated. Stages of tooth calcification of the mandibular canine, first premolar, second premolar, and second molar and the skeletal maturation with a hand-wrist and a cervical vertebrae method were assessed. The relationships between the stages were assessed using Spearman’s correlation coefficient. Additionally, the associations of mandibular and pubertal growth peak stages with tooth calcification were evaluated by Fisher’s exact test. Results: all teeth showed positive and statistically significant correlations, the highest correlation was between the mandibular second molar calcification stages with hand-wrist maturation stages (r = 0.758, p < 0.001) and with vertebrae cervical maturation stages (r = 0.605, p < 0.001). The pubertal growth spurt was found in the G stage of calcification of the second mandibular molar, and the mandibular growth peak was found in the F stage of calcification of the second molar. Conclusion: there was a positive relationship between dental calcification stages and skeletal maturation stages by hand-wrist and cervical vertebrae methods in the sample studied. Dental calcification stages of the second mandibular molar showed the highest positive correlation with the hand-wrist and cervical vertebrae stages.

Assessment of Skeletal Maturation using Mandibular Second Molar Maturation Stages

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Goyal ◽  
S Goyal ◽  
N Gugnani
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Maturity ◽  
Cervical Vertebrae ◽  
Skeletal Maturation ◽  
Growth Spurt ◽  
Pubertal Growth Spurt ◽  
Second Molar ◽  
Pubertal Growth ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Mandibular Second Molar ◽  
Pre Treatment

Objectives: To investigate the relationship between cervical vertebrae maturation and mandibular second molar calcification stages.Study design: The study was designed as a retrospective, descriptive and crosssectional research project. Pre-treatment lateral cephalograms and panoramic radiographs of 99 males and 110 females in the age range of 7 to 18 years 7 months were evaluated with Demirjian Index (DI) and cervical vertebrae maturation indicators (CVMI) of Hassel and Farman. A null hypothesis was proposed that there is no relation between CVMI and DI. Results: A highly significant association (Pearson's contingency coefficient 0.713 for males and 0.863 for females) was found between DI and CVMI. In males, the DI stage E corresponded to stage 2 of CVMI (pre–peak of pubertal growth spurt) and DI stages F and G corresponded to stages 3 and 4 of CVMI (peak of pubertal growth spurt). DI stage H was associated with stages 5 and 6 of CVMI (end of pubertal growth spurt). In females, the DI stages C, D corresponded to CVMI stages 1, 2; DI stages E, F with CVMI stages 3, 4; DI stages G, H with CVMI stages 5, 6. Conclusion: Mandibular second molar calcification stages can be used as indicators for assessment of skeletal maturity.

scholarly journals Objective Evaluation of Cervical Vertebral Bone Age— Its Reliability in Comparison with Hand-Wrist Bone Age: By TW3 Method

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 806-813
Author(s):  
Vamsi Nilay Reddy ◽  
Gojja Sreedevi ◽  
CMS Krishna Prasad ◽  
Swaroopa Rani Ponnada ◽  
K Padma Priya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Maturity ◽  
Cervical Vertebrae ◽  
Bone Age ◽  
Objective Evaluation ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Skeletal Maturation ◽  
Potential Growth ◽  
Vertebral Bone ◽  
Therapeutic Decisions ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms

ABSTRACT Aim The aim of this study was to establish the validity of a new method for evaluating skeletal maturation by assessing the 3rd and 4th cervical vertebrae seen in the cephalometric radiograph. Materials and methods This study consisted of a sample of 50 patients in the age group of 8 to 14 years of age. Chronologically, they were divided into six groups, based on the age consisting of a minimum of six to a maximum of 10 subjects. All the patients included in the study were females. The selected subjects were clinically examined and then age and date of birth of the patient in years and months was noted. Then lateral cephalograms and hand-wrist radiographs of the patient were taken on the same day with good clarity and contrast. Results The results suggested that cervical vertebral bone age on cephalometric radiographs calculated with this method is as reliable at estimating bone age as is the Tanner-Whitehouse 3 (TW3) method on hand-wrist radiographs. By determining the cervical vertebral bone age, skeletal maturity can be evaluated in a detailed and objective manner with cephalometric radiographs. Conclusion The ability to accurately appraise skeletal maturity from cervical vertebral maturation, without the need for additional radiographs, has the potential to improve orthodontic diagnostic and therapeutic decisions. The technique's simplicity and ease of use should encourage this method as a first level diagnostic tool to assess skeletal maturation. Clinical significance This study revealed that the timing and sequence of ossification of the bones in hand and wrist and cervical vertebrae were able to relate the skeletal development of the various skeletal maturity indicators to a child's development. This method provided a mean with which one can determine the skeletal maturity of a person and thereby determine whether the possibility of potential growth existed. How to cite this article Prasad CMSK, Reddy VN, Sreedevi G, Ponnada SR, Priya KP, Naik BR. Objective Evaluation of Cervical Vertebral Bone Age—Its Reliability in Comparison with Hand-Wrist Bone Age: By TW3 Method. J Contemp Dent Pract 2013;14(5):806-813.

The Relationship Between Salivary Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulphate (DHEAS) Levels and Skeletal Maturation Parameters Before and During Pubertal Growth Spurt in Children

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tahseen Sultana ◽  
Penmetcha Sarada ◽  
Namineni Srinivas ◽  
C H Sampath Reddy ◽  
S Ojass KUMAR ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Maturity ◽  
Cervical Vertebrae ◽  
Cervical Vertebra ◽  
Skeletal Maturation ◽  
Growth Spurt ◽  
P Value ◽  
Group I ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Two Stages

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the skeletal maturation by using salivary DHEAS levels and its correlation with existing skeletal maturity parameters represented by cervical vertebrae and MP3 region radiographs in adolescents in pre-pubertal and pubertal age groups. Methods: In this study, 80 children in the age range of 8 - 14 years were divided into two equal groups based on their chronological age as group I (pre-pubertal group) and group II (pubertal group). Pre-existing lateral cephalograms and medial phalanx of third finger (MP3) radiographs of their left hands were assessed. The levels of the DHEAS of each individual were analysed by ELISA kit. ANOVA with post-hoc Tukey’s test and student t-test were used for statistical analysis. P-value < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: The mean level of DHEAS values shown in the present study was 4.36 +/- 0.32 ng/mL in group I and 5.73+/-0.39 ng/mL in group II. This study showed that in group I, more subjects were in stage 1 of cervical vertebral maturation than stage 2 and there were significant differences between the two stages (P-value = 0.011); also, in group II, more subjects were in stage 3 than 4 and there were significant differences between the two stages (P-value = 0.017). This study revealed the highest salivary DHEAS levels to be in the F stage of pre-pubertal MP3 development in addition to the H stage of MP3 development in pubertal children. This study noted that there were significant differences for salivary DHEAS levels between males and females not only in pre-pubertal (P-value = 0.031), but also in pubertal stages (P-value < 0.001). Conclusions: Salivary DHEAS, like cervical vertebra and MP3 radiographs, can be used for growth assessment in young adolescents.

scholarly journals Cervical Vertebral Body’s Volume as a New Parameter for Predicting the Skeletal Maturation Stages

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youn-Kyung Choi ◽  
Jinmi Kim ◽  
Tetsutaro Yamaguchi ◽  
Koutaro Maki ◽  
Ching-Chang Ko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Cervical Vertebrae ◽  
Skeletal Maturation ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Simple Regression Model ◽  
Maturation Stages ◽  
Simple Regression

This study aimed to determine the correlation between the volumetric parameters derived from the images of the second, third, and fourth cervical vertebrae by using cone beam computed tomography with skeletal maturation stages and to propose a new formula for predicting skeletal maturation by using regression analysis. We obtained the estimation of skeletal maturation levels from hand-wrist radiographs and volume parameters derived from the second, third, and fourth cervical vertebrae bodies from 102 Japanese patients (54 women and 48 men, 5–18 years of age). We performed Pearson’s correlation coefficient analysis and simple regression analysis. All volume parameters derived from the second, third, and fourth cervical vertebrae exhibited statistically significant correlations (P<0.05). The simple regression model with the greatest R-square indicated the fourth-cervical-vertebra volume as an independent variable with a variance inflation factor less than ten. The explanation power was 81.76%. Volumetric parameters of cervical vertebrae using cone beam computed tomography are useful in regression models. The derived regression model has the potential for clinical application as it enables a simple and quantitative analysis to evaluate skeletal maturation level.

scholarly journals Skeletal maturation in individuals with Down's syndrome: Comparison between PGS curve, cervical vertebrae and bones of the hand and wrist

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 58-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glauber Carinhena ◽  
Danilo Furquim Siqueira ◽  
Eduardo Kazuo Sannomiya
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Vertebrae ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Down's Syndrome ◽  
Down’S Syndrome ◽  
Skeletal Maturation ◽  
Growth Spurt ◽  
Pubertal Growth Spurt ◽  
Pubertal Growth ◽  
Ossification Centers ◽  
Level Of Agreement

INTRODUCTION: This study was conducted with the aim of adapting the methods developed by Martins and Sakima to assess skeletal maturation by cervical vertebrae in the pubertal growth spurt (PGS) curve. It also aimed to test the reliability and agreement between those methods and the method of hand and wrist radiograph when compared two by two and all together. METHODS: The sample comprised 72 radiographs, with 36 lateral radiographs of the head and 36 hand-wrist radiographs of 36 subjects with Down's syndrome (DS), 13 female and 23 male, aged between 8 years and 6 months and 18 years and 7 months, with an average age of 13 years and 10 months. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Results revealed that adapting the methods developed by Martins and Sakima to assess skeletal maturation by cervical vertebrae in the curve of PGS is practical and useful in determining the stage of growth and development of individuals. The stages of maturation evaluated by cervical vertebrae and ossification centers observed in radiographs of the hand and wrist were considered reliable, with excellent level of agreement between the methods by Hassel and Farman as well as Baccetti, Franchi and McNamara Jr and Martins and Sakima. Additionally, results revealed an agreement that ranged between reasonable to good for the three methods used to assess the skeletal maturation, showing statistical significance.

scholarly journals Radiographic Assessment of Skeletal Maturation Stages for Orthodontic Patients: Hand-wrist Bones or Cervical Vertebrae?

2008 ◽  
Vol 107 (4) ◽  
pp. 316-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eddie Hsiang-Hua Lai ◽  
Jen-Pei Liu ◽  
Jenny Zwei-Chieng Chang ◽  
Shih-Jaw Tsai ◽  
Chung-Chen Jane Yao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Vertebrae ◽  
Skeletal Maturation ◽  
Radiographic Assessment ◽  
Maturation Stages ◽  
Orthodontic Patients

scholarly journals Secular trend of the skeletal maturation in relation to peak height velocity–a comparison between two groups of children born 1969-1973 and 1996-2000

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 612-618
Author(s):  
Louise Miltenburg Caspersen ◽  
Liselotte Sonnesen
Keyword(s):  
Secular Trend ◽  
Peak Height ◽  
Individual Growth ◽  
Skeletal Maturation ◽  
Height Velocity ◽  
Growth Spurt ◽  
Early Event ◽  
Peak Height Velocity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Maturation Stages

Summary Background/Objectives The aims were to study the presence of a secular trend in (a) age at peak height velocity (PHV), (b) velocity at PHV, and (c) duration of skeletal maturation in relation to PHV. Material/Method Two groups of children: 100 children (63 boys, 37 girls) born between 1969–1973 and 71 children (49 boys, 22 girls) born between 1996 and 2000, were compared. Age and velocity at PHV were measured on individual growth velocity curves. Skeletal maturation stages were assessed on hand-wrist radiographs, and duration from the skeletal maturation stages to PHV was determined. Results Age at PHV occurred significantly earlier (0.47 years, CI 95% 0.19–0.76, P &lt; 0.001), and velocity at PHV was significantly higher (0.68 cm/year, CI 95% 1.47–2.06, P &lt; 0.003) in children born 1996–2000 compared to 1969–1973. No significant difference in duration of skeletal maturation was seen between the groups. Skeletal maturation stages occurred significantly in the following order before PHV for both genders: PP2= 2.18 years (P = 0.002), MP3= 1.60 year (P = 0.008), S 1.07 year (P = 0.003), and MP3cap 0.38 year (P = 0.037). Limitations Most radiographs were taken before PHV, the duration thus mainly reflects the early event of pubertal growth spurt. Conclusion A secular trend was evident: significantly decreased age at PHV and significantly increased velocity at PHV. No evidence of a secular trend regarding duration of the skeletal maturation in relation to PHV was found. Due to the declining age at PHV, the skeletal maturation stages occurred earlier in relation to chronological age.

Correlation between different methods of assessing bone maturation

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Daniela Correia Cavalcante Souza ◽  
Marina Tavares Costa Nóbrega ◽  
Andressa Cavalcanti Pires ◽  
Rosa Helena Wanderley Lacerda
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Maturity ◽  
Cervical Vertebrae ◽  
Assessment Methods ◽  
Skeletal Maturation ◽  
Chronological Age ◽  
Bone Maturation ◽  
Matlab Program ◽  
Maturation Stages ◽  
Maturation Index ◽  
Dental Mineralization

<p><strong>Introduction</strong>: the skeletal maturity of na individual can be evaluated through different methods and it is an important tool to the<br />diagnostic and treatment in othodontics. <strong>Objective</strong>: to verify the correlation between different methods of assessing bone maturation:<br />Carpal Maturation Index (CMI), Cervical Vertebrae Maturation Stages (CVM) and Dental Mineralization Stages (DM). <strong>Methodology</strong>:<br />the sample consisted of digitalized images of cephalometric, panoramic and hand and wrist radiographs of 73 patients. 50 were<br />selected for analysis. Two examiners were properly calibrated, through images analysis from another database. Inter and intraexaminer<br />reliability was measured by Kappa coefficient. The images were assessed according to Fishman (1982), Baccetti, Franchi and<br />McNamara Junior (2002) and Nolla (1960) methods. All images were coded and data of all analyzes was transferred to spreadsheets.<br />The data was processed in Matlab program for Windows, version 7.10.0, and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.<br /><strong>Results</strong>: the results demonstrated a positive correlation among bone maturity methods (CMI, CVM and DM), as well as between those<br />methods and chronological age. Females showed precocity in reaching the stages of skeletal maturation indicators and CVM compared<br />to males. It was observed that there was a correspondence between maturation methods for both genders. <strong>Conclusion</strong>: there was<br />a correlation between skeletal maturation assessment methods and dental mineralization in patients. Significant differences were<br />observed between genders for skeletal maturity assessment methods. There was a relation between the methods used for skeletal<br />maturation and dental mineralization, as well as chronological age.</p>

scholarly journals New formula to objectively evaluate skeletal maturation using lateral cephalometric radiographs

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 330-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria de Paula Caldas ◽  
Gláucia Maria Bovi Ambrosano ◽  
Francisco Haiter Neto
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Cervical Vertebrae ◽  
Bone Age ◽  
Dental School ◽  
Skeletal Maturation ◽  
Chronological Age ◽  
Oral Radiology ◽  
Vertebral Bone ◽  
Vertebral Bodies ◽  
New Formula

The aim of this study was to establish two new formulas for objectively evaluating skeletal maturation of cervical vertebrae in female and male Brazilian subjects using lateral cephalometric radiographs. The sample included 128 girls and 110 boys, aged 7.0 to 15.9 years, from the files of the Oral Radiology Clinic, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (Unicamp), SP, Brazil. The cervical vertebral bodies of C3 and C4 were traced and measured and regression formulas were developed in order to determine cervical vertebral bone age. Another sample of lateral teleradiographs and hand-wrist radiographs of 55 girls and 54 boys (aged 7.0 to 15.9 years) was used to verify the reliability of the developed regression formulas, as compared with bone age assessed using the Tanner et al.15 (2001) Method (TW3) in hand-wrist radiographs. The analysis of both the boys’ and girls’ data (ANOVA) showed no statistical difference between cervical vertebral bone age, bone age, and chronological age, indicating that these formulas can be used in this population (p = 0.5721 and p = 0.6007 for girls and boys, respectively). Female cervical vertebral bodies of C3 and C4 increased in an accelerated manner from 10 to 13 years. Analysis of the male sample showed that C3 measurements increased in an accelerated manner from 12 to 15 years. The C4 measurements, however, did not increase at all. Using cervical vertebral bone age it is possible to evaluate skeletal maturation objectively in cephalometric radiographs.

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