Weed Management in Cotton with CGA-362622, Fluometuron, and Pyrithiobac

2004 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 268-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian C. Burke ◽  
John W. Wilcut
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Cotton Lint ◽  
Common Ragweed ◽  
Common Lambsquarters ◽  
Pitted Morningglory ◽  
Methylarsonic Acid ◽  
Prickly Sida ◽  
Smooth Pigweed

An experiment was conducted at five locations in North Carolina during 2000 and 2001 to evaluate weed control, crop injury, and cotton yield. Weed management systems included different combinations of pyrithiobac preemergence (PRE), fluometuron PRE, CGA-362622 postemergence (POST), pyrithiobac POST, and monosodium salt of methylarsonic acid (MSMA) plus prometryn applied late POST-directed (LAYBY). At Goldsboro in 2000, cotton was injured 74 to 78% by CGA-362622 POST when evaluated 4 to 7 d after treatment (DAT). Injury at Clayton, Goldsboro, and Lewiston in 2001 and Rocky Mount in 2000 was less than 16% 4 to 7 DAT with the same treatment and was not apparent by 62 DAT. CGA-362622 controlled common lambsquarters, common ragweed, Palmer amaranth, sicklepod, smooth pigweed, andIpomoeaspecies including entireleaf, ivyleaf, and pitted morningglory, and the addition of pyrithiobac to the herbicide system, either PRE or POST, increased control ofAmaranthusspecies, jimsonweed, and prickly sida. CGA-362622 did not control jimsonweed or prickly sida. Fluometuron PRE, pyrithiobac PRE, and MSMA plus prometryn LAYBY were beneficial for increasing weed control and cotton lint yields. Prometryn plus MSMA LAYBY increased control of common ragweed, entireleaf morningglory, jimsonweed, pitted morningglory, and smooth pigweed and provided higher cotton yields than similar systems without a LAYBY. The greatest weed control and greatest cotton lint yields required complete weed management systems that included a combination of PRE, POST, and LAYBY treatments.

Glyphosate-Resistant Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) Response and Weed Management with Trifloxysulfuron, Glyphosate, Prometryn, and MSMA

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter E. Thomas ◽  
Tim T. Britton ◽  
Scott B. Clewis ◽  
Shawn D. Askew ◽  
John W. Wilcut
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Cotton Lint ◽  
Common Lambsquarters ◽  
Late Season ◽  
Pitted Morningglory ◽  
Glyphosate Formulation ◽  
Prickly Sida ◽  
Smooth Pigweed ◽  
Glyphosate Formulations

Field studies were conducted at three locations to evaluate glyphosate-resistant (GR) cotton response, weed control, and cotton lint yields to two formulations of glyphosate (diammonium salt– glyphosate and isopropylamine salt–glyphosate) and trifloxysulfuron applied early postemergence (EPOST) alone or to tank mixtures of trifloxysulfuron with each glyphosate formulation, with and without a late postemergence-directed (LAYBY) treatment of prometryn plus MSMA. Trifloxysulfuron and both formulations of glyphosate controlled common lambsquarters and pitted morningglory. Both glyphosate formulations provided equivalent control of common lambsquarters, goosegrass, pitted morningglory, prickly sida, and smooth pigweed. Trifloxysulfuron controlled smooth pigweed better than either glyphosate formulation but did not control goosegrass or prickly sida. Prometryn plus MSMA LAYBY improved late-season control of common lambsquarters, goosegrass, large crabgrass, and pitted morningglory for all EPOST systems and improved late-season smooth pigweed control for EPOST systems that did not include trifloxysulfuron. Cotton injury was 2% or less from both glyphosate formulations, while trifloxysulfuron injured ‘Deltapine 5415RR’ 7 to 16% at two locations. At a third location, trifloxysulfuron injured ‘Paymaster 1218RR/BG’ 24%, and when applied in mixture with either glyphosate formulation, injury increased to at least 72%. Cotton injury was transient at the first two locations and was not visually apparent 3 to 5 wk later. Cotton yield at the third location was reduced. High cotton yields reflected high levels of weed control.

Weed Management Systems in Glyphosate-Resistant Cotton

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 422-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian C. Burke ◽  
Shawn C. Troxler ◽  
Shawn D. Askew ◽  
John W. Wilcut ◽  
W. David Smith
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Residual Soil ◽  
Cotton Yield ◽  
Cotton Lint ◽  
Common Lambsquarters ◽  
Pitted Morningglory ◽  
Prickly Sida ◽  
Control Equivalent

Studies were conducted at Clayton, Lewiston-Woodville, and Rocky Mount, NC, to evaluate weed and cotton response to herbicide systems in glyphosate-resistant cotton in 1995 and 1997. Herbicide systems evaluated included various combinations of soil-applied (trifluralin and fluometuron) and postemergence (POST) (glyphosate or pyrithiobac) herbicides with or without late postemergence-directed (LAYBY) treatments of cyanazine plus MSMA. Glyphosate-resistant cotton injury was less than 5% with all herbicide treatments. Glyphosate POST systems were as efficacious in weed control as other herbicide systems. Depending on location, glyphosate and pyrithiobac POST systems usually required cyanazine plus MSMA LAYBY for season-long control of common lambsquarters, goosegrass, large crabgrass, pitted morningglory, prickly sida, and Texas panicum. Glyphosate POST applied as needed provided weed control equivalent to soil-applied plus POST herbicides, although lint yield was slightly reduced depending on location. Herbicide systems that included soil-applied herbicides required one to two treatments of glyphosate POST and post-directed for season-long weed control and high cotton lint yields, whereas the same herbicide systems without soil-applied herbicides required two to three glyphosate treatments. In all herbicide systems, a residual soil-applied or LAYBY herbicide treatment increased yield compared with glyphosate POST only systems. Location influenced weed control and cotton yield. Generally, as herbicide inputs increased, yield increased.

Weed Management in Glufosinate-Resistant Corn (Zea mays)

1999 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 324-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Stanley Culpepper ◽  
Alan C. York
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Common Lambsquarters ◽  
Late Season ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
Pitted Morningglory ◽  
Prickly Sida ◽  
Smooth Pigweed

An experiment was conducted at five locations in North Carolina to compare management systems utilizing glufosinate applied postemergence (POST) in glufosinate-resistant corn with standard systems of metolachlor plus atrazine preemergence (PRE) or nicosulfuron plus atrazine POST Glufosinate alone and both standard systems controlled common ragweed and prickly sida at least 98%, whereas sicklepod control was < 20% late in the season. Late-season control of common lambsquarters, smooth pigweed, pitted morningglory, and tall morningglory was generally less with glufosinate alone than with the standard systems. However, late-season control of common lambsquarters, smooth pigweed, pitted morningglory, tall morningglory, and sicklepod by mixtures of glufosinate plus atrazine was at least 99, 100, 89, 93, and 81%, respectively, and was equal to or greater than control by either standard. Broadleaf signalgrass, large crabgrass, and fall panicum were controlled similarly by glufosinate and the standards. Goosegrass control by glufosinate was similar to control by nicosulfuron plus atrazine, but it was less than control by metolachlor plus atrazine. Metolachlor applied PRE or atrazine mixed with glufosinate increased goosegrass control to that achieved with metolachlor plus atrazine. Mixing atrazine with glufosinate did not affect fall panicum control, but metolachlor PRE followed by glufosinate controlled fall panicum as well as the standards. Cultivation or ametryn applied at layby increased control when PRE or POST herbicides alone controlled weeds less than about 90%. Ametryn was generally more effective than cultivation. Glufosinate POST followed by ametryn at layby controlled sicklepod > 90% and other species > 95% late in the season. Corn yield and net returns were similar in the glufosinate and standard systems.

Bromoxynil-Resistant Cotton and Selected Weed Response to Mixtures of Bromoxynil and Pyrithiobac

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 753-761 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary D. Paulsgrove ◽  
Whitnee L. Barker ◽  
John W. Wilcut
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Cotton Yield ◽  
Common Ragweed ◽  
Common Lambsquarters ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Prickly Sida ◽  
Smooth Pigweed

An experiment was conducted at four locations in North Carolina in 1996 and 1997 to evaluate weed control and cotton response in conventional-tillage bromoxynil-resistant cotton. Weed management systems evaluated included a factorial arrangement of bromoxynil postemergence (POST) at 0, 0.28, 0.42, or 0.56 kg ai/ha in mixture with pyrithiobac POST at 0, 0.018, 0.032, or 0.072 kg ai/ha. Additional treatments evaluated included trifluralin preplant-incorporated (PPI) plus fluometuron preemergence (PRE). All systems received a postemergence-directed (PDS) treatment of fluometuron plus MSMA. Bromoxynil at 0.42 kg/ha POST followed by (fb) fluometuron plus MSMA PDS controlled common lambsquarters, common ragweed, eclipta, prickly sida, redroot pigweed, spurred anoda; and entireleaf, ivyleaf, pitted, and tall morningglory at least 93%, whereas smooth pigweed and volunteer peanut were controlled 73 and 86%, respectively. Pyrithiobac at 0.036 kg/ha POST fb fluometuron plus MSMA PDS controlled eclipta, common ragweed, prickly sida, redroot, and smooth pigweed, and spurred anoda at least 94%. Volunteer peanut was controlled 84% by pyrithiobac at 0.032 kg/ha, whereas pitted, ivyleaf, and entireleaf morningglory were controlled by 63, 78, and 83%, respectively. Pyrithiobac at 0.072 kg/ha fb fluometuron plus MSMA PDS controlled common lambsquarters 48%. Cotton yield with bromoxynil plus pyrithiobac POST mixtures were equivalent to trifluralin PPI plus fluometuron PRE at three locations and better at the fourth location. Bromoxynil-resistant cotton ‘47’ and ‘57’ had excellent tolerance to all POST herbicide treatments.

Weed Management in Soybean (Glycine max) with Preplant-Incorporated Herbicides and Cloransulam-Methyl

1999 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 276-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shawn D. Askew ◽  
John W. Wilcut ◽  
Vernon B. Langston
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Glycine Max ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Common Lambsquarters ◽  
Yellow Nutsedge ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
Pitted Morningglory ◽  
Prickly Sida ◽  
Smooth Pigweed

Cloransulam-methyl applied postemergence (POST) following various preplant-incorporated (PPI) herbicides was evaluated in four experiments for weed control in North Carolina soybean over a 2-yr period at three locations. Acifluorfen plus bentazon or chlorimuron alone applied POST injured soybean more than cloransulam-methyl when following any soil-applied herbicide. When following trifluralin PPI, cloransulam-methyl controlled common ragweed, entireleaf morningglory, and pitted morningglory comparable to acifluorfen plus bentazon or chlorimuron. Common lambsquarters and prickly sida control was higher when acifluorfen plus bentazon was applied POST following trifluralin PPI compared to trifluralin PPI followed by cloransulam-methyl or chlorimuron. Acifluorfen plus bentazon or chlorimuron POST controlled yellow nutsedge and smooth pigweed more than cloransulam-methyl POST when following trifluralin PPI. When trifluralin was applied PPI in mixtures with chlorimuron plus metribuzin, flumetsulam, or imazaquin, control of most species was similar regardless of POST treatment used. Soybean treated with cloransulam-methyl yielded 250 kg/ha more than treatments with chlorimuron when these herbicides followed trifluralin plus flumetsulam or trifluralin plus imazaquin. Net returns with different herbicide systems followed trends similar to soybean yield.

Weed management with CGA-362622 in transgenic and nontransgenic cotton

Weed Science ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 1002-1009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dunk Porterfield ◽  
John W. Wilcut ◽  
Jerry W. Wells ◽  
Scott B. Clewis
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Palmer Amaranth ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Crop Tolerance ◽  
Prickly Sida ◽  
Smooth Pigweed

Field studies conducted at three locations in North Carolina in 1998 and 1999 evaluated crop tolerance, weed control, and yield with CGA-362622 alone and in combination with various weed management systems in transgenic and nontransgenic cotton systems. The herbicide systems used bromoxynil, CGA-362622, glyphosate, and pyrithiobac applied alone early postemergence (EPOST) or mixtures of CGA-362622 plus bromoxynil, glyphosate, or pyrithiobac applied EPOST. Trifluralin preplant incorporated followed by (fb) fluometuron preemergence (PRE) alone or fb a late POST–directed (LAYBY) treatment of prometryn plus MSMA controlled all the weed species present less than 90%. Herbicide systems that included soil-applied and LAYBY herbicides plus glyphosate EPOST or mixtures of CGA-362622 EPOST plus bromoxynil, glyphosate, or pyrithiobac controlled broadleaf signalgrass, entireleaf morningglory, large crabgrass, Palmer amaranth, prickly sida, sicklepod, and smooth pigweed at least 90%. Only cotton treated with these herbicide systems yielded equivalent to the weed-free check for each cultivar. Bromoxynil systems did not control Palmer amaranth and sicklepod, pyrithiobac systems did not control sicklepod, and CGA-362622 systems did not control prickly sida.

Weed Management in Peanut with Herbicide Combinations Containing Imazapic and Other Pesticides

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
David L. Jordan ◽  
Sarah H. Lancaster ◽  
James E. Lanier ◽  
Bridget R. Lassiter ◽  
P. Dewayne Johnson
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Common Ragweed ◽  
Common Lambsquarters ◽  
Yellow Nutsedge ◽  
Pod Yield ◽  
Final Experiment ◽  
Pitted Morningglory ◽  
Large Crabgrass

Research was conducted in North Carolina to compare weed control by various rates of imazapic POST alone or following diclosulam PRE. In a second experiment, weed control by imazapic applied POST alone or with acifluoren, diclosulam, or 2,4-DB was compared. In a final experiment, yellow nutsedge control by imazapic alone and with the fungicides azoxystrobin, chlorothalonil, pyraclostrobin, and tebuconazole was compared. Large crabgrass was controlled more effectively by imazapic POST than diclosulam PRE. Common lambsquarters, common ragweed, and eclipta were controlled more effectively by diclosulam PRE than imazapic POST. Nodding spurge was controlled similarly by both herbicides. Few differences in control were noted when comparing imazapic rates after diclosulam PRE. Applying either diclosulam PRE or imazapic POST alone or in combination increased peanut yield over nontreated peanut in five of six experiments. Few differences in pod yield were noted when comparing imazapic rates. Acifluorfen, diclosulam, and 2,4-DB did not affect entireleaf morningglory, large crabgrass, nodding spurge, pitted morningglory, and yellow nutsedge control by imazapic. Eclipta control by coapplication of imazapic and diclosulam exceeded control by imazapic alone. The fungicides azoxystrobin, chlorothalonil, pyraclostrobin, and tebuconazole did not affect yellow nutsedge control by imazapic.

Weed Control and Yield with Flumioxazin, Fomesafen, andS-Metolachlor Systems for Glufosinate-Resistant Cotton Residual Weed Management

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 391-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wesley J. Everman ◽  
Scott B. Clewis ◽  
Alan C. York ◽  
John W. Wilcut
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Residual Activity ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Lint Yield ◽  
Cotton Lint ◽  
Common Lambsquarters ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Pitted Morningglory ◽  
Cotton Lint Yield

Field studies were conducted near Clayton, Lewiston, and Rocky Mount, NC in 2005 to evaluate weed control and cotton response to preemergence treatments of pendimethalin alone or in a tank mixture with fomesafen, postemergence treatments of glufosinate applied alone or in a tank mixture withS-metolachlor, and POST-directed treatments of glufosinate in a tank mixture with flumioxazin or prometryn. Excellent weed control (> 91%) was observed where at least two applications were made in addition to glufosinate early postemergence (EPOST). A reduction in control of common lambsquarters (8%), goosegrass (20%), large crabgrass (18%), Palmer amaranth (13%), and pitted morningglory (9%) was observed when residual herbicides were not included in PRE or mid-POST programs. No differences in weed control or cotton lint yield were observed between POST-directed applications of glufosinate with flumioxazin compared to prometryn. Weed control programs containing three or more herbicide applications resulted in similar cotton lint yields at Clayton and Lewiston, and Rocky Mount showed the greatest variability with up to 590 kg/ha greater lint yield where fomesafen was included PRE compared to pendimethalin applied alone. Similarly, an increase in cotton lint yields of up to 200 kg/ha was observed whereS-metolachlor was included mid-POST when compared to glufosinate applied alone, showing the importance of residual herbicides to help maintain optimal yields. Including additional modes of action with residual activity preemergence and postemergence provides a longer period of weed control, which helps maintain cotton lint yields.

Preemergence Herbicides Followed by Trifloxysulfuron Postemergence in Cotton

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Richardson ◽  
Henry P. Wilson ◽  
Thomas E. Hines
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Annual Grass ◽  
Common Ragweed ◽  
Common Lambsquarters ◽  
Pitted Morningglory ◽  
Annual Grasses ◽  
Preemergence Herbicides ◽  
Smooth Pigweed

Field studies were conducted in 1999, 2000, and 2001 to evaluate weed control and cotton response from PRE herbicides followed by (fb) trifloxysulfuron POST. In the first study, trifloxysulfuron at 3.8, 7.5, or 15 gai/ha was applied POST with or without pendimethalin at 690 gai/ha applied PRE in a factorial treatment arrangement. Visible crop injury occurred after all trifloxysulfuron applications, but injury was not affected by application of pendimethalin PRE. Cotton injury was 19 to 22% 7 d after POST treatment (DAT) from trifloxysulfuron at 3.8 to 15 g/ha but was 5 to 12% 28 DAT. Trifloxysulfuron controlled smooth pigweed, common ragweed, and common cocklebur, but spurred anoda, large crabgrass, goosegrass, and stinkgrass were not controlled by trifloxysulfuron. Morningglory species (tall morningglory, ivyleaf morningglory, and pitted morningglory) control with trifloxysulfuron at 7.5 and 15 g/ha was at least 79%, whereas velvetleaf was controlled 66% over all years. In a second study, clomazone, pendimethalin, pendimethalin plus fluometuron, pyrithiobac, or flumioxazin were applied PRE fb 7.5 g/ha trifloxysulfuron POST. Cotton injury from PRE herbicides fb trifloxysulfuron was 13 to 39% 7 DAT. Spurred anoda control exceeded 54% only with treatments that included flumioxazin or pyrithiobac PRE. Common lambsquarters, common cocklebur, and morningglory species were controlled at least 75% with all treatments that included trifloxysulfuron POST, whereas pendimethalin and clomazone usually controlled annual grasses. In both studies, the application of pendimethalin PRE controlled annual grass species and improved control of smooth pigweed and common lambsquarters over that controlled by trifloxysulfuron POST without a PRE herbicide.

Evaluation of S-Metolachlor and S-Metolachlor Plus Atrazine Mixtures with Mesotrione for Broadleaf Weed Control in Corn

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cory M. Whaley ◽  
Gregory R. Armel ◽  
Henry P. Wilson ◽  
Thomas E. Hines
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Common Ragweed ◽  
Minimum Rate ◽  
Common Lambsquarters ◽  
Pitted Morningglory ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
High Yields ◽  
Smooth Pigweed

Field experiments were conducted in 2001, 2002, and 2003 to evaluate PRE applications of mesotrione at 150, 230, and 310 g ai/ha alone, and in mixtures with S-metolachlor at 1,070 g ai/ha and atrazine at 560 and 1,120 g ai/ha in corn. Corn injury was 11 to 18% with all treatments in 2002 when 3.2 cm of rainfall occurred within 10 d after PRE applications, but no injury was observed in 2001 and 2003 when rainfall was 0 and 1.1 cm within 10 d after PRE applications, respectively. Rainfall following PRE herbicide applications also influenced weed control, where weed control was generally poor with all herbicide treatments in 2001. Mesotrione at 150 g/ha controlled common lambsquarters and smooth pigweed at least 95% in 2002 and 2003, but control was 70% or less in 2001. PRE mesotrione at rates of 230 or 310 g/ha controlled common ragweed at least 83% in 2002 and 2003, but control exceeded 88% with mixtures of mesotrione at rates greater than 150 g/ha plus S-metolachlor plus atrazine at 560 g/ha. Morningglory species (ivyleaf morningglory, pitted morningglory, and tall morningglory) were not consistently controlled by mesotrione alone. In 2002 and 2003, mixtures of all mesotrione rates plus S-metolachlor plus atrazine at 1,120 g/ha controlled morningglory species at least 90%. Corn treated with mesotrione at any rate plus S-metolachlor plus atrazine at 1,120 g/ha consistently produced high yields. It is concluded that control with this three-way mixture would be most consistent with a minimum rate of mesotrione at 230 g/ha and atrazine at 1,120 g/ha.

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