3.4 Full Scale Tests of Axial Profile Heat Flux Influence on the Critical Quality in PWR Steam Generators

Author(s):  
Maurizio Cumo ◽  
G. C. Urbani ◽  
F. V. Frazzoli ◽  
G. Palazzi
2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Su ◽  
J. G. Quintiere ◽  
N. Schultz

Abstract The objective of the project is to develop water mist extinguishments design by scaling. The report describes the requirement and criteria of scaling fire, scale model, and the results of suppression for a developing water mist system design. The Maritime Safety Committee Draft Circular, MSC 914 is used as a basis test to evaluate a water mist design. A series of three full-scale tests related to MSC 914 were performed: fire only, fire with steel trailers, and fire with steel trailers and combustible commodities. A simulation was accordingly studied. Then, a scaled water mist design was tested in the scale model to find the characteristics needed for suppression in terms of pressure, water flow rate, droplet size, and the spray momentum. Based on these characteristics, a candidate nozzle will be selected for the full-scale MSC 914 test. The results so far show that the water mist system can effectively suppress the fire in scaled MSC 914 model. The full-scale MSC 914 is scheduled for September 2001. Therefore, the final answer is still pending until then. Scaling results are confirmed for temperatures, heat flux and flow for the MSC 914 fire without water add in.


Author(s):  
Kazem Sadati ◽  
Hamid Zeraatgar ◽  
Aliasghar Moghaddas

Maneuverability of planing craft is a complicated hydrodynamic subject that needs more studies to comprehend its characteristics. Planing craft drivers follow a common practice for maneuver of the craft that is fundamentally different from ship’s standards. In situ full-scale tests are normally necessary to understand the maneuverability characteristics of planing craft. In this paper, a study has been conducted to illustrate maneuverability characteristics of planing craft by full-scale tests. Accelerating and turning maneuver tests are conducted on two cases at different forward speeds and rudder angles. In each test, dynamic trim, trajectory, speed, roll of the craft are recorded. The tests are performed in planing mode, semi-planing mode, and transition between planing mode to semi-planing mode to study the effects of the craft forward speed and consequently running attitude on the maneuverability. Analysis of the data reveals that the Steady Turning Diameter (STD) of the planing craft may be as large as 40 L, while it rarely goes beyond 5 L for ships. Results also show that a turning maneuver starting at planing mode might end in semi-planing mode. This transition can remarkably improve the performance characteristics of the planing craft’s maneuverability. Therefore, an alternative practice is proposed instead of the classic turning maneuver. In this practice, the craft traveling in the planing mode is transitioned to the semi-planing mode by forward speed reduction first, and then the turning maneuver is executed.


1984 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 166-170
Author(s):  
A. L. Rakhmanova ◽  
I. O. Rybak

Author(s):  
Yu. I. Buryak ◽  
A. A. Skrynnikov

The article is devoted to the substantiation of the procedure for testing complex technical systems to assess the probability of performing the task, taking into account a priori data obtained from the results of modeling, field tests of components and prototypes, operation of analogues, etc. The conditions for the formation of a combined sample consisting of field experiments and experiments counted on the results of modeling are justified. Data uniformity is checked using the Student's criterion. The minimum volume of full-scale tests is determined by the requirement of equality of the amount of Fischer information about the estimated parameter obtained during full-scale tests and at the expense of a priori data A strategy for conducting field experiments is proposed, in which the required quality of evaluating the probability of completing the task is achieved with the minimum possible number of field experiments. At the first stage, a series of experiments with a volume equal to half of the required sample size is performed. At the second stage, the experiments are conducted sequentially with an assessment after each experiment of the requirements for the amount of information about the evaluated parameter and for the uniformity of data. Experiments are terminated when the specified requirements are met, and then a combined sample is formed, which is used to evaluate the probability of the system performing the task. A model example is considered. The estimation of the gain in the number of experiments performed at different probability values was carried out.


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