SERUM FOLLICLE-STIMULATING HORMONE, LUTEINIZING HORMONE AND PROGESTERONE CONCENTRATIONS IN PSEUDOPREGNANT RATS TREATED WITH MEDROXYPROGESTERONE ACETATE

1976 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 465-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. J. DE GREEF ◽  
J. DULLAART ◽  
G. H. ZEILMAKER
Keyword(s):  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Medroxyprogesterone Acetate ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Progesterone Concentration ◽  
Vaginal Smears ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

SUMMARY Pseudopregnant rats were treated early in pseudopregnancy with 1 or 10 mg medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA). Serum FSH, LH and progesterone concentrations were determined on days 2–20 of pseudopregnancy in treated and control rats. The mean duration of pseudopregnancy was 13·5 days in the control animals, but when animals were treated with 1 mg MPA a dioestrous period of 21·4 days was observed. A period with leucocytic vaginal smears of at least 2 months was observed after treatment with 10 mg MPA. Injection with MPA on day 3 of pseudopregnancy did not affect the serum FSH concentrations during the subsequent days. The progesterone pattern was alike in the three groups of animals, i.e. the duration of the activity of the corpora lutea was similar in all groups. However, 10 mg MPA slightly lowered progesterone concentrations on days 4–8 of pseudopregnancy. In the saline-treated rats, LH concentrations decreased from days 2–5, and remained low until they increased after day 11 of pseudopregnancy. This increase was delayed until day 20 in the animals treated with 1 mg MPA, and was not observed in the animals treated with 10 mg MPA. It is argued that the increase of LH concentration at the end of pseudopregnancy is not instrumental in the decrease of peripheral progesterone concentration but rather that the decrease in the progesterone concentration leads to the increase in the LH concentration.

ALTERATIONS IN PLASMA GONADOTROPHIN PATTERNS CAUSED BY SODIUM PENTOBARBITONE IN EWES AT OESTRUS AND IN ANOESTROUS EWES AFTER INFUSION OF OESTRADIOL

1977 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
HILARY DOBSON ◽  
W. R. WARD
Keyword(s):  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Pilot Experiment ◽  
Expected Time ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

A radioimmunoassay system for the measurement of ovine follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) was established. After the onset of normal oestrus, there were simultaneous surges of luteinizing hormone (LH) and FSH, and 24 h later, a surge of FSH alone. Administration of sodium pentobarbitone when the dual surge of LH and FSH was expected inhibited the release of LH, but prolonged that of FSH. Development of corpora lutea that took place immediately was normal in ewes treated with sodium pentobarbitone, but after the subsequent oestrus, the life-time of corpora lutea was abnormally short. When sodium pentobarbitone was administered at the time when the second surge of FSH was expected, no effect was observed on the level of LH or FSH. Subsequent development of corpora lutea was similar to that in the non-treated group. Administration of sodium pentobarbitone at the expected time of the dual surges of LH and FSH after infusion of oestradiol to anoestrous ewes blocked the release of both LH and FSH. Administration of sodium pentobarbitone at the expected time of the second surge of FSH after infusion of oestradiol delayed the increase in the level of FSH. In a pilot experiment after combined infusion of androstenedione and oestradiol, sodium pentobarbitone did not completely inhibit the release of FSH, but the release of LH was totally prevented.

LUTEAL MAINTENANCE IN THE HYPOPHYSECTOMIZED PSEUDOPREGNANT RABBIT: EFFECT OF OVINE LUTEINIZING HORMONE AND FOLLICLE-STIMULATING HORMONE

1972 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-NP ◽  
Author(s):  
J. DAVIES ◽  
L. H. HOFFMAN ◽  
G. R. DAVENPORT
Keyword(s):  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Detectable Effect ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Luteal Function ◽  
Daily Dose ◽  
Dose Levels ◽  
Limited Duration ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

SUMMARY Ovine luteinizing hormone (LH) (300 μg/day in divided subcutaneous doses) had a luteotrophic effect of limited duration in intact and hypophysectomized 10-day pseudopregnant rabbits (6–10 days in intact animals; 3–6 days in hypophysectomized animals). Higher dose levels caused reovulation in which case luteolysis occurred. Suppression of reovulation with anti-ovine follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) serum permitted the daily dose of LH to be raised to 750 μg without causing luteolysis or reovulation. Anti-LH serum was luteolytic in the intact animals. A combination of ovine FSH (200 μg) and LH (300 μg) was indistinguishable from LH alone in terms of its luteotrophic effect in hypophysectomized 10-day pseudopregnant rabbits. Ovine FSH at large daily dose levels (1000 μg) was more effectively luteotrophic than LH alone in a significant number of animals for 10 days after hypophysectomy: endometrial changes in these animals resembled those only seen in normal pregnancy. The luteotrophic effect of 1000 μg FSH was believed to be dependent on a small but significant content of LH, estimated to be about 10 μg. Ovine FSH and anti-FSH serum in intact pseudopregnant rabbits had no detectable effect on luteal function. Animals hypophysectomized at the 7th day and treated with 300 or 500 μg LH/day showed no luteal maintenance for 6 days nor was reovulation induced. Sensitivity to the luteotrophic effect of LH was deemed, therefore, to be greater at 10 than at 7 days of pseudopregnancy. Endometrial criteria were found to be reliable indicators of luteal function. The appearance of ciliated cells was correlated with the decline of the corpora lutea. When reovulation occurred, a new progestational cycle was rapidly superimposed on the existing one.

CHANGES IN THE BINDING OF HUMAN CHORIONIC GONADOTROPHIN/LUTEINIZING HORMONE, FOLLICLE-STIMULATING HORMONE AND PROLACTIN TO HUMAN CORPORA LUTEA DURING THE MENSTRUAL CYCLE AND PREGNANCY

1980 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 315-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. S. McNEILLY ◽  
J. KERIN ◽  
I. A. SWANSTON ◽  
T. A. BRAMLEY ◽  
D. T. BAIRD
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Maximum Serum ◽  
Human Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

The changes in the binding of human chorionic gonadotrophin/luteinizing hormone (HCG/LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and prolactin to 44 corpora lutea have been assessed during the luteal phase of the human menstrual cycle and early pregnancy. All corpora lutea bound HCG but out of 32 only ten bound FSH and only seven bound prolactin specifically. While binding of HCG increased to maximal levels in the mid-luteal phase, binding of FSH and prolactin was most often found in the early luteal phase. Maximum binding of HCG was associated with maximum serum levels of progesterone. Luteal regression was associated with a decrease in the binding of HCG but a causal relationship could not be established. Very low binding of HCG was found to corpora lutea of pregnancy. These results show that (1) the changes in binding of HCG during the luteal phase of the human menstrual cycle are similar to those in other species and (2) there are specific binding sites for prolactin and FSH in the human corpus luteum.

Increased production of sheep embryos following superovulation of Merino ewes with a combination of pregnant mare serum gonadotrophin and follicle stimulating hormone

1991 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 551 ◽  
Author(s):  
JP Ryan ◽  
JR Hunton ◽  
WM Maxwell
Keyword(s):  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Ovarian Response ◽  
Ovulation Rate ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Embryo Recovery ◽  
Designed Experiment ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Concentration ◽  
Pregnant Mare Serum Gonadotrophin ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

In a factorially designed experiment (N = 321), 0, 800 or 1600 I.U. pregnant mare serum gonadotrophin (PMSG) were administered in combination with 0, 12 or 18 mg follicle stimulating hormone (FSH-P) to superovulate Merino ewes in autumn and spring. A moderate dose of PMSG (800 I.U.) in conjunction with 12 or 18 mg FSH-P increased the ovulation rate above that observed when FSH-P was used alone. This was accomplished by (i) increasing the proportion of ewes that exhibited a superovulatory response (greater than 3 corpora lutea (CL) or persistent large follicles (LF): 69/70 (99%) v. 55/74 (74%), P less than 0.001), and (ii) in those ewes that exhibited a superovulatory response, by an additive effect of exogenous gonadotrophin (14.8 +/- 0.9 CL (69) v. 11.3 +/- 0.9 CL (55), P less than 0.01) without increasing the incidence of LF. The use of 1600 I.U. PMSG in conjunction with 12 or 18 mg FSH-P was characterized by an increase in the number of LF and, in comparison with 800 I.U. PMSG, a reduction in ovulation rate. Season had no effect on the numbers of CL, but total ovarian response (CL + LF) was higher in autumn than in spring (P less than 0.01), because of a greater incidence of LF (P less than 0.001). The proportion of ewes with regressed CL was higher in autumn than in spring (53/143 (37%) v. 32/156 (21%), P less than 0.01), and increased with increased dose of gonadotrophin. Furthermore, a nutritional component to the incidence of ewes with regressed CL was suggested by the observation that the mean concentration of plasma glucose was higher for ewes with normal CL than for ewes with regressed CL (P less than 0.05). Rates of ova or embryo recovery, fertilization and embryo development generally declined with an increase in the incidence of LF as a result of increases in the dose of gonadotrophin and season of administration.

URINARY GONADOTROPHINS FOLLOWING CASTRATION OF MEN

1973 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-87
Author(s):  
Peter Christiansen
Keyword(s):  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Maximal Level ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Normal Men ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

ABSTRACT The excretion of total hypophyseal gonadotrophins (HG), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) was studied in 13 castrated men aged 23 to 56 years, mean 38.8 years. All the men were castrated for legal reasons. The time from castration to the investigation varied from 4 weeks to 24 years. Four of the subjects were studied from the time before surgery until 4 weeks after castration. The mean excretion of HG, FSH and LH was statistically significantly higher than that of normal men of the same age i. e. by 8, 9 and 3 times higher respectively. The FSH/LH ratio was in the mean 2.8. Following orchiectomy FSH rose more rapidly and to a higher level than LH. The maximal level of FSH was reached within 1–2 weeks after castration in contrast to LH which did not consistently reach the maximal level within 4 weeks. This difference in FSH and LH levels after castration supports the concept that FSH and LH are regulated independently in man.

Superovulation of Merino ewes with an ovine pituitary follicle stimulating hormone extract

1991 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 561 ◽  
Author(s):  
HN Jabbour ◽  
G Evans
Keyword(s):  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Field Trial ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Mouse Bioassay ◽  
Protein Fractionation ◽  
Potency Ratio ◽  
Fertilization Rates ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Fresh Semen ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

In order to investigate the effectiveness of ovine FSH as a superovulatory gonadotrophin in sheep, three batches (oFSH-1, oFSH-2 and oFSH-3) of crude follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) extracts were prepared from ovine pituitaries by protein fractionation. The extracts were characterized in radioimmunoassays (RIA), radioreceptor assays (RRA) and bioassays. A FSH:LH (luteinizing hormone) ratio of 1:0.71 and 1:0.18 was calculated from oFSH-1 in RIA and RRA respectively. oFSH-1 was more potent than NIH-oFSH-S12 in RRA, with a potency ratio of 1:0.65 calculated at 50% binding. In mouse bioassay, oFSH-2 was effective in inducing folliculogenesis. The potency of oFSH-3 as an ovarian stimulatory hormone was tested in a field trial on sheep. Thirty-one mature Merino ewes were treated in the breeding season with intravaginal progestagen pessaries and 6, 12 or 24 mg doses of oFSH-3 were injected twice daily for 3 days (n = 10 or 11). Each ewe was inseminated in the uterus with fresh semen 24 h after pessary withdrawal. Ova or embryos were recovered by mid-ventral laparotomy 6 or 7 days after pessary withdrawal. The dose of oFSH-3 had a significant effect on the ovulatory response (P less than 0.01); the mean ovulation rates were 1.5 +/- 0.2, 12.6 +/- 2.8 and 13.1 +/- 2.9 following injection with 6, 12 or 24 mg of the gonadotrophin respectively. The dose of the gonadotrophin injected had no effect on the mean percentages of ova recovered or fertilized. The overall ova recovery and fertilization rates (%) were 67.8 +/- 6.4 and 92.2 +/- 5.1 respectively. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

URINARY FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE AND LUTEINIZING HORMONE IN SIX MALES WITH THE XYY SYNDROME

1973 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 625-630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Christiansen ◽  
Johannes Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Xyy Syndrome ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Normal Males ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

ABSTRACT Urinary follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) were studied in 6 males with karyotype 47, XYY and compared to FSH and LH in 14 normal males of the same age. FSH was within the normal range in all 6 subjects, LH however was markedly elevated in one case. The FSH/LH ratio was thus decreased in one case but normal in the remaining 5 cases. The mean excretion of FSH and LH did not differ significantly from that of normal males.

Ovarian follicular dynamics and concentrations of oestradiol-17 beta, progesterone, luteinizing hormone and follicle stimulating hormone during the periovulatory phase of the oestrous cycle in the cow

1991 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 529 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Kaneko ◽  
T Terada ◽  
K Taya ◽  
G Watanabe ◽  
S Sasamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Concentration ◽  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Dominant Follicle ◽  
Follicular Wave ◽  
Ovulatory Follicle ◽  
Follicular Dynamics ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

Changes in the plasma concentration of oestradiol-17 beta, progesterone, luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) were characterized during the transition from the luteal to the follicular phase, the periovulatory period and the early luteal phase in five cycling cows. The pattern of growth and the regression of follicles and corpora lutea in the ovary of the same animals were also assessed by daily ultrasonographic examinations. Two waves of follicular growth (ovulatory and non-ovulatory) occurred in all animals. The ovulatory follicular wave started from 4 days before the preovulatory surges of LH and FSH and the wave of next growth of a dominant follicle (non-ovulatory follicle) started within one day after ovulation. Changes in plasma levels of oestradiol-17 beta correlated well with the growth of both ovulatory and non-ovulatory dominant follicles. Suppression of FSH concentration during the follicular phase was inversely related to the increase in plasma concentration of oestradiol-17 beta. These results suggest that, in the cow, ovulatory dominant follicles suppress FSH secretion by increasing the concentration of oestradiol-17 beta (and probably also inhibin) during the follicular phase.

MAINTENANCE OF PREGNANCY RELATIVE TO THE PRESENCE OF FEW EMBRYOS IN THE RABBIT

1970 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. E. ADAMS
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Uterine Horn ◽  
Ovulation Rate ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

SUMMARY Either one or two 60-h morulae were transferred to one uterine horn of Polish, Dutch or Strain A rabbits in which the mean number of ovulations was 4·3, 6·4 and 10·8. The pregnancy rate, as determined by palpation on day 10, varied from 45–65% (mean 53%) in recipients of one egg to 69–71% with two eggs. Only 20% of the does carrying one foetus maintained pregnancy to term compared with 87% of those with two implants. If pregnancy failed this usually occurred between days 15 and 20. In a further experiment, in which additional eggs were transferred to the contralateral horn, it was shown that all single conceptuses were inherently capable of surviving to term. It is concluded that irrespective of breed and ovulation rate, two conceptuses are normally required to prevent regression of corpora lutea on about day 17. Treatment with follicle-stimulating hormone in mid-pregnancy or removal of the barren uterine horn on day 13 failed to maintain pregnancies involving only one conceptus.

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