dominant follicle
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2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murat Can Demir ◽  
Cihan Kaçar ◽  
Umut Çağın Arı ◽  
Semra Kaya ◽  
Oğuz Merhan ◽  
...  

Abstract The present study aimed to determine the effects of progesterone-based gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α), and equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) injections on progesterone profiles and pregnancy rates in cows with no estrus symptoms within 60 days after parturition. A total of 80 cows were included in the study. All animals had the progesterone-releasing device PRID®Delta placed intravaginally for nine days with an injection of GnRH. On the eighth day, PGF2α was injected, and PRID®Delta was removed from the vagina on day nine. Artificial insemination was carried out 60 hours after PRID®Delta removal. In half of the animals (n = 40), 600 IU of eCG was injected when PRID®Delta was removed on the ninth day before artificial insemination 60 hours later. Blood samples were taken from the tail vein on days 0 and 8 to determine progesterone levels. The pregnancy rate in the group that received eCG was 37.5%, while it was 27.5% in those that did not (P = 0.4). While the dominant follicle diameter was 15.5 mm in cows injected with eCG during timed artificial insemination, the follicle diameter was 12.4 mm in cows with no eCG injection (P <0.001). There were no differences in serum progesterone values in blood samples taken until the time of artificial insemination. However, progesterone values in the blood taken during artificial insemination were 0.94 ng/ml in the eCG- group and 0.72 ng/ml in the eCG+ group (P <0.05). As a result, it was determined that eCG injections, in addition to progesterone-based GnRH and PGF2α applications, increased the pregnancy rates in cows without symptoms of estrus. The dominant follicle diameter was larger in cows treated with eCG during artificial insemination; however, follicle size did not increase the pregnancy rate.


Author(s):  
Melba O. Gastal ◽  
Marilia Pastorello ◽  
Daniel Godoi ◽  
Eduardo Gastal
Keyword(s):  

2022 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 303
Author(s):  
P. V. Marchioretto ◽  
S. A. Long ◽  
S. L. Rodriguez-Zas ◽  
S. A. Womack ◽  
B. R. Lindsey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  

2022 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 289
Author(s):  
J. Feugang ◽  
G. Ishak ◽  
T. Pechan ◽  
O. Pechanova ◽  
M. Gastal ◽  
...  

2022 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 303
Author(s):  
S. A. Long ◽  
P. V. Marchioretto ◽  
S. L. Rodriguez-Zas ◽  
S. A. Womack ◽  
B. R. Lindsey ◽  
...  

SPERMOVA ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-178
Author(s):  
Cesar A Olaguivel ◽  
◽  
Jaime Ruiz ◽  
Pedro Coila

The study was developed at the Pampa del Arco Experimental Center of the National University of San Cristóbal de Huamanga, the objective was to evaluate doses of 800 IU (T1) and doses of 1000 IU (T2) of eCG to obtain embryos. Eight adult female llamas were used, distributed four in each treatment (T1 and T2), with a body condition of 2.5, these were evaluated by ultrasound with a 7.5 MHz rectal linear transducer. Hormonal treatments began when the animals had a follicle> 7 mm. The application of eCG was 72 hours after the induction of ovulation of the dominant follicle with GnRH, on day 7 PGF2α was applied, natural mounting was performed plus GnRH (1ml), on day 15 the collection and evaluation of embryos was performed. The results obtained were the pre-ovarian stimulation follicular diameter of 8.3 mm and 9.1 mm for T1 and T2 respectively, the number of pre-ovulatory follicles was 6.33 and 5.50 for T1 and T2 respectively, the diameter of follicles pre-ovulatory was 11.2mm and 10.6 mm for T1 and T2 respectively, average of embryos recovered per donor was 4.66 ± 0.81 and 3.50 ± 0.54 embryos for T1 and T2 respectively, with a significant difference (p <0.05) and the quality of embryos had 35.7% and 38.1% of embryos of excellent quality, 28.6% and 33.3% of good quality, 10.7% and 9 , 5% of regular quality, 10.7% and 0% of poor quality, for T1 and T2 respectively and 14.3% and 19.0% of non-transferable embryos for T1 and T2 respectively, with no statistical difference (p≥0, 05). It is concluded that the number of embryos recovered with a dose of 800 IU of eCG is higher compared to the dose of 1000 IU of eCG (p <0.05) and that there is no association between the applied dose of eCG and the quality of the llama embryos (p≥0.05)


Author(s):  
Chris R Burke ◽  
John R Roche ◽  
Robert P Millar ◽  
Iain J Clarke

The efficacy of a long-acting synthetic derivative of kisspeptin (Kp) to initiate normal estrous cycles was tested in 24 mixed-aged, Holstein-Friesian cows that were 18 to 25 d postpartum on day of treatment (D0). Groups of eight received saline (Sal) vehicle by intramuscular injection at 0800 and 1600 h (Sal-Sal), Kp at 800 h and vehicle at 1600 h (Kp-Sal) or Kp on both occasions (Kp-Kp). The Kp dose was 15 nmol per 60 kg body weight. The cows ovaries were examined daily by ultrasonography between D-4 and D14. Blood samples were collected from a tail vessel 0, 2, 4, 8, 10 and 12 h relative to the time of first injection for LH and FSH assay. Additional samples were collected daily from D-4 until D14 and D19, 22, 26 and 29 for progesterone assay. An LH surge-like response were observed in cows treated with Kp at 0800 h. Ovulation was consistently induced by Kp within 48 h when there was a dominant follicle of at least 10 mm in diameter on the ovaries (8/14), but in no cases (6/14) during a new wave of ovarian follicular development consisting of follicles <10 mm diameter. The subsequent ovulatory cycle was of normal length in most cases, as compared with short 8 to 12 d cycles observed in spontaneously ovulating cows. We conclude that Kp treatment can induce ovulation in postpartum dairy cows, with ensuing estrous cycles of normal length, if administered when a mature dominant follicle is present on the ovaries.


2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 131-131
Author(s):  
Kaitlin M Epperson ◽  
Jerica J Rich ◽  
Abigail L Zezeski ◽  
Saulo Menegatti Zoca ◽  
Julie Walker ◽  
...  

Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate nutrition before and after artificial insemination (AI) on follicular dynamics, expression of estrus, and steroidogenesis. Seventy-nine beef heifers were randomly assigned to one of two dietary treatments (High;155% and Low;86% of maintenance energy) 30d prior to AI. Estrus was synchronized (PG 6-d CIDR protocol) and heifers received AI (d0) 8 to 12h following onset of estrus. On d0, heifers were randomly reassigned diets generating four Pre-x-Post-AI nutritional treatments; High-High (HH, n = 20), High-Low (HL, n = 20), Low-High (LH, n = 19), and Low-Low (LL, n = 20). Heifers remained on new diet treatments until embryo collection (flush; d7-8). Blood samples were collected daily from d-3 to d0, and on d1, 3, 5, 7 and 8 for plasma concentrations of estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4). Dominant follicle diameter was evaluated on d-3 and d0, and CL diameter was recorded at flush. Statistical analyses were completed in SAS using the MIXED (body weight, E2, P4), GLIMMIX (expression of estrus), and GLM (ovarian parameters, interval to estrus) procedures. There were Pre-AI (P &lt; 0.0001) and Post-AI by time (P &lt; 0.0001) interactions on body weight; heifers in high and low treatments gained and lost weight, respectively, during both periods. Estradiol concentrations increased (P &lt; 0.0001) from d-3 (2.18±0.15pg/mL) to d0 (6.05±0.04pg/mL). Pre-AI diet increased the proportion of heifers in estrus (80±6.3% vs. 59±7.9%; P = 0.05), and dominant follicle size (11.7±1.42mm vs. 10.68±1.33mm; P = 0.0016) in High vs. Low, respectively. Additionally, High Pre-AI heifers had greater P4 after AI compared to Low Pre-AI heifers (4.85±0.37ng/mL vs. 3.53±0.38ng/mL; P = 0.015). Post-AI treatment did not influence concentrations of P4 (P = 0.88). There was no effect of Pre, Post or Pre-x-Post-AI treatment on initial follicle size, follicle growth rate, E2 concentrations, interval to estrus, or CL size at flush (P &gt; 0.10). In conclusion, nutrient restriction before AI negatively impacted ovarian function, steroidogenesis, and expression of estru.


2021 ◽  
pp. e20210031
Author(s):  
Diana Fanelli ◽  
Matteo Tesi ◽  
Alessandra Rota ◽  
Duccio Panzani ◽  
Francesco Camillo

In a veterinary medicine curriculum, students’ hands-on practice is essential but is still considered one of the major deficiencies in veterinary schools in Europe. After theoretical and basic practical training, students, under the control of experienced veterinarians (supervisors), monitored the reproductive cycle of embryo recipients by transrectal palpation and ultrasound. To evaluate the skills of students, the question “Has she ovulated?” was posed when a dominant follicle ≥ 35 mm was recorded in the previous day’s examination and a score of 1 or 0 was assigned in the case of a correct or incorrect answer (test palpation), respectively. Study 1 involved the retrospective evaluation of 3,509 test palpation records of 43 students (31 females, 12 males) and showed a statistically significant positive correlation between the number of test palpations performed and the proportion of correct answers. There was a statistically significant effect of the number of test palpations performed by each student, their gender, and the season on the correct answers. When performing > 50 test palpations, a statistical difference between gender was observed ( p < .05). Study 2 involved the prospective evaluation of 687 records on 52 standardbred or thoroughbred recipient mares collected from nine right-handed female students. The different mares, breed, occurrence of ovulation on the left or right ovary, and the presence of one or more large follicle(s) per ovary had no effect on the correct answers ( p > .05). Individual students’ performances were statistically different ( p < .05), ranging from 60% to 92%.


Author(s):  
Nehad Maher Motit ◽  
Ayman Abdelaziz El-Dorf ◽  
Shahinaz Hamdy Elshourbagy ◽  
Manal Mostafa Abdullah

Background: Clomiphene citrate (CC) is still the traditional therapy used for inducing ovulation in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Clomiphene resistance, which refers to persistence of anovulation after standard CC therapy, occurs in 15%–20% of patients. We aimed to compare between extended letrozole versus recombinant FSH in ovulation induction in cases of clomiphene resistant polycystic ovary Methods: Seventy women with PCOS were included then patients were equally randomized to receive one of the two drugs to be given over the next 3 months. In current study Group A: letrozole group 2.5 mg two tablets once daily for 10 days from day 2 of menses. Group B: Recombinant FSH 75 i.u s.c daily from day 2 for 5 days then monitoring dose according to folliculometry. Results: There was non-significant difference between two groups as regard FSH and LH but as regard Serum E2 (pg/mL) at day 5 of HCG administration there was significant higher in FSH recombinant group. There was insignificant difference between two groups as regard Ovulating, Number of follicles >18. There was insignificant difference between two groups as regard Size of dominant follicle, endometrial thickness at hCG (mm). OHSS, discontinuation due to OHSS, clinical pregnancy, multiple pregnancy and abortion was higher in FSH recombinant group but differences didn’t reach significance. Conclusions: There was non-significant difference between two groups in relation to ovulation, Number of follicles, Size of dominant follicle, Endometrial thickness at day of HCG injection however it was reported that OHSS, discontinuation due to OHSS, positive pregnancy test, was higher in FSH recombinant group but differences didn’t reach significance level.


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