Section 6: Design of retaining structures

2013 ◽  
pp. 957-1040
Keyword(s):  
Retaining Structures

Condition evaluation of water retaining structures by a functional approach. Comparative practices in Canada and France

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-356
Author(s):  
Laurent Peyras ◽  
Richard Gervais ◽  
Damien Serre ◽  
Luc Chouinard ◽  
Youssef Diab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Approach ◽  
Retaining Structures ◽  
Condition Evaluation

scholarly journals Different Hatching Rates of Floodwater Mosquitoes Aedes sticticus, Aedes rossicus and Aedes cinereus from Different Flooded Environments

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 279
Author(s):  
Anders Lindström ◽  
Disa Eklöf ◽  
Tobias Lilja
Keyword(s):  
Tap Water ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Mosquito Larvae ◽  
Retaining Structures ◽  
Retaining Structure ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Random Samples ◽  
Nuisance Species ◽  
Flooding Events ◽  
Hatching Rates

In the lower Dalälven region, floodwater mosquitoes cause recurring problems. The main nuisance species is Aedes (Ochlerotatus) sticticus, but large numbers of Aedes (Aedes) rossicus and Aedes (Aedes) cinereus also hatch during flooding events. To increase understanding of which environments in the area give rise to mosquito nuisance, soil samples were taken from 20 locations from four environmental categories: grazed meadows, mowed meadows, unkept open grassland areas and forest areas. In each location 20 soil samples were taken, 10 from random locations and 10 from moisture retaining structures, such as tussocks, shrubs, piles of leaves, logs, and roots. The soil samples were soaked with tap water in the lab, and mosquito larvae were collected and allowed to develop to adult mosquitoes for species identification. Fewer larvae hatched from mowed areas and more larvae hatched from moisture retaining structure samples than random samples. The results showed that Aedes cinereus mostly hatch from grazed and unkept areas and hatched as much from random samples as from structures, whereas Aedes sticticus and Aedes rossicus hatched from open unkept and forest areas and hatch significantly more from structure samples. When the moisture retaining structures in open unkept areas where Aedes sticticus hatched were identified it was clear that they hatched predominantly from willow shrubs that offered shade. The results suggest that Ae. sticticus and Ae. cinereus favor different flooded environments for oviposition.

Retaining Structures in Expansive Clays

2013 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 1405-1414 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. T. Papagiannakis ◽  
S. Bin-Shafique ◽  
R. L. Lytton
Keyword(s):  
Retaining Structures ◽  
Expansive Clays
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document