scholarly journals AN UNDOCUMENTED RARE BRANCHING PATTERN OF EXTERNAL CAROTID ARTERY

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4.1) ◽  
pp. 7767-7770
Author(s):  
Sonu ◽  
◽  
Sunita Kalra ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Anatomical Variations ◽  
External Carotid Artery ◽  
Arterial System ◽  
External Carotid ◽  
Common Trunk ◽  
Occipital Artery ◽  
Branching Pattern

The external carotid arterial system supplies the areas of head and neck region. The knowledge of possible anatomical variations occurring in branching pattern of external carotid artery is crucial especially in the surgeries of head, neck and face; as well as for interpretation of radiological investigations like angiograms. During routine dissection of head and region for undergraduate students we discovered common trunk for lingual, facial and ascending pharyngeal arteries. Also, the occipital artery is arising just before the common trunk from the external carotid artery. KEY WORDS: External carotid artery, branches, common trunk, occipital artery.

scholarly journals ANATOMICAL VARIATIONS IN THE BRANCHES OF EXTERNAL CAROTID ARTERY IN CADAVERS

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Prashant Munjamkar ◽  
N. Y. Kamdi
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
External Carotid Artery ◽  
Facial Artery ◽  
External Carotid ◽  
Lingual Artery ◽  
Common Trunk ◽  
Occipital Artery ◽  
External Diameter ◽  
Branching Pattern

Background: External carotid artery (ECA) is the main artery of head and neck region. It has eight named branches to maintain a rich vascularity of most of the structures of head and neck. The present study was undertaken to assess external diameter of ECA at origin and branching pattern of ECA. Methods: A total of 100 carotid specimens of 50 human cadavers (24 males and 26 females) were dissected in the Department of Anatomy at medical colleges and diameter and branching pattern of ECA were noted. Results: The diameter of ECA at its origin was in the ranged between 4.5 to 8 mm with mean of 6.676±0.8053 mm. 77% cases showed normal branching pattern of ECA, the commonest variation was the occurrence of linguofacial trunk (18%) and occipitiauricular trunk (4%). STA and lingual artery (LA) arose commonly from ECA in 71(71%) and 94 cases (94%) respectively. The origin of STA from ECA was statistically significant on left side (56.3%) compare to right (43.7%). Facial artery (FA), occipital artery (OA) and posterior auricular artery (PAA) arises as single branch and common trunk on right and left side. The accessory branches was observed to be present in total 3(3%) cases including 1(33.33%) on right and 2(66.66%) on left side. Conclusion: The present study revealed that the number of branches and branching pattern of ECA is variable and this variations do have a significant role in the various applications of anatomy of ECA for example in embolization, chemotherapy, cervical discectomy, thyroid surgeries etc.

scholarly journals Unilateral Linguofacial Trunk: A Rare Case Report

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 154-157
Author(s):  
Suma Dnyanesh ◽  
Shilpa Bhimalli ◽  
D. K. Dnyanesh ◽  
Daksha Dixit ◽  
Manisha More ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Image Interpretation ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Anatomical Variations ◽  
External Carotid Artery ◽  
External Carotid ◽  
Common Trunk ◽  
Rare Case Report ◽  
The Right

The common carotid arteries are the major source of blood supply to the region of head and neck. Normally external carotid artery gives eight branches in the region of neck. All of them arise independently as separate branches. In the present case, we found lingual and facial arteries arising from a common trunk i.e. linguofacial trunk from the front of external carotid artery on the right side. While on the left side, lingual and facial arteries were arising separately from external carotid artery. Such anatomical variations of external carotid artery are important for surgeons in surgeries of head and neck region and also for radiologists in the image interpretation of the face and neck region.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v1i3.8668 Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol. 1(3) 2013 : 154-157

scholarly journals Bilateral anatomical variation in branching pattern of external carotid artery in a male cadaver - a case report

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (02) ◽  
pp. 108-110
Author(s):  
L. Khanal ◽  
P. Baral ◽  
P. Yadav ◽  
A. Pandeya ◽  
S. Shah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Common Carotid Artery ◽  
Anatomical Variation ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
External Carotid Artery ◽  
Facial Artery ◽  
External Carotid ◽  
Superior Thyroid Artery ◽  
Branching Pattern ◽  
Male Cadaver

AbstractDevelopmental anomalies in the origin and branching pattern of the external carotid artery are not common. The level of the bifurcation of the common carotid artery and also the variations in the origin/branching pattern of the external carotid artery are well known and documented. During a routine dissection of middle aged male cadaver in department of Anatomy in BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences (BPKIHS) The clinically-relevant variations to be noted were the high origin and anomalous course of the facial artery, superior thyroid artery arising as a branch of Common Carotid artery, high origin of ascending pharyngeal artery, posterior auricular artery and direct glandular branches to the Submandibular gland. Such anatomical variations of external carotid artery are important for surgeons in surgeries of head and neck region and also for radiologists in the image interpretation of the face and neck region.

scholarly journals Magnetic resonance angiographic study of the variations in the branching pattern of external carotid artery

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 175-178
Author(s):  
Rohita Salam ◽  
Sheela Sivan
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
External Carotid Artery ◽  
External Carotid ◽  
Lateral Side ◽  
Occipital Artery ◽  
Branching Pattern ◽  
Ascending Pharyngeal Artery ◽  
Medial Side

Knowledge of anatomy of the branching pattern of external carotid artery (ECA) is needed for head and neck surgeries and diagnostic purposes. Previously knowledge regarding this was obtained from dissecting specimens. But with magnetic resonance angiograms being done widely, data from these may be taken for a better understanding of the branching pattern of ECA. To study the branching pattern of external carotid artery using MR angiograms taken for other purposes. A cross-sectional study was carried out in our institution, which is a tertiary care centre, between September 2013 and September 2015 in which we studied the MR angiograms of 50 patients. Out of the 50 MR angiograms studied, variations were seen in 5 cases. In two cases, the ascending pharyngeal artery was seen to arise from the lateral side instead of the medial side on the left side. In another two, the ascending pharyngeal artery was seen to arise from the occipital artery on the left side. In one case the superior laryngeal artery arose from the external carotid artery. MR angiogram taken for other purposes is an inexpensive, ionizing radiation free method which can be used to study the branching pattern of external carotid artery.

Lingual and Facial Arteries Arising from the External Carotid Artery in a Common Trunk

2011 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theodore G. Troupis ◽  
Dimitrios Dimitroulis ◽  
Alexandros Paraschos ◽  
Adamantios Michalinos ◽  
Vassilis Protogerou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Neck Surgery ◽  
External Carotid Artery ◽  
Facial Artery ◽  
External Carotid ◽  
Lingual Artery ◽  
Superior Thyroid Artery ◽  
Common Trunk

The present study describes analytically a rare case in which lingual and facial arteries arise together from an external carotid artery in a common trunk. Thirty anatomic dissections were performed on 15 cadavers in the macroscopic laboratory in the Department of Anatomy of the Medical School of National and Kapodistrian University of Athens. One common trunk from which originated lingual and facial arteries was found. The frequency of this morphology is measured at 6 per cent. The length of the common trunk is measured at 7.3 mm between its origin and its diversion at the facial artery and lingual artery, its diameter at 2.8 mm, its distance from carotid bifurcation at 7.9 mm, and from the superior thyroid artery at 3.3 mm. At the left side of the neck region, facial and lingual arteries arose separately. The anatomic variations of the branching pattern of the external carotid artery and the micrometric values of the vessels are especially important as a result of the numerous operations performed in the neck region that implicate various specialties such as general surgery, head and neck surgery, plastic surgery, and maxillofacial surgery.

scholarly journals Trifurcation of the right common carotid artery

2008 ◽  
Vol 41 (01) ◽  
pp. 85-88
Author(s):  
R. Chitra
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Common Carotid Artery ◽  
Lateral Position ◽  
External Carotid Artery ◽  
External Carotid ◽  
Occipital Artery ◽  
Branching Pattern ◽  
Male Cadaver ◽  
The Right ◽  
Common Carotid Arteries

ABSTRACTVariations in the position of the bifurcation of the common carotid artery and the origin or branching pattern of the external carotid artery are well known and documented. Here, we report the trifurcation of the right common carotid artery in a male cadaver aged about 55 years. The right common carotid artery was found to divide into the external and internal carotids and the occipital artery. High division of bilateral common carotid arteries and a lateral position of the right external carotid artery at its origin were also observed in the same cadaver. There were two ascending pharyngeal arteries on the right side - one from the occipital artery and another from the internal carotid artery. The intraarterial approach is one of the most important routes for the administration of anticancer drugs for head and neck cancers. A profound knowledge of the anatomical characteristics and variations of the carotid artery such as its branching pattern and its position is essential to avoid complications with catheter insertion.

scholarly journals ANOMALOUS ORIGIN OF OCCIPITOAURICULAR TRUNK FROM EXTERNAL CAROTID ARTERY. Origen anomalo del tronco occipito-auricular de la arteria carotida externa

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-109
Author(s):  
Prakash B Billakanti
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Common Carotid Artery ◽  
Present Finding ◽  
Image Interpretation ◽  
External Carotid Artery ◽  
External Carotid ◽  
Common Trunk ◽  
Branching Pattern ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Common

Las anomalías en el origen y patrón de ramificación de la arteria carótida externa (ACE) son comunes. El nivel de la bifurcación de la arteria carótida común (ACC) y las variaciones en el origen / patrón de ramificación de la arteria carótida externa están bien documentados. En el hallazgo de las arterias occipitales y posteriores surgían de un corto tronco común de la ACE en el lado izquierdo. El conocimiento de las variaciones en el origen y curso de las ramas de la ACE  son de suma importancia en la cirugía. Los cirujanos deben ser conscientes de la posibilidad de encontrar estas variaciones, ya que pueden conducir a dificultades en la distinción de las ramas de la arteria carótida externa. Este conocimiento es también importante para los radiólogos en la interpretación de las imágenes de las regiones de la cara y el cuello.  Anomalies in the origin and branching pattern of the external carotid artery (ECA) are common. The level of the bifurcation of the common carotid artery (CCA) and the variations in the origin/branching pattern of the external carotid artery are well documented. In the present finding occipital and posterior auricular arteries were arising by a short common trunk from ECA on the left side. Knowledge of variations in the origin and course of branches of ECA is of importance in surgery. Surgeons need to be aware of the possibility of encountering such variations, as they may lead to difficulties in differentiating the branches of external carotid artery. This knowledge is also important for radiologists in the image interpretation of the face and neck regions. 

scholarly journals 865 Variation in the Branching Pattern of the Anterior Branches of the External Carotid Artery

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Elsllabi
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Invasive Procedure ◽  
Carotid Bifurcation ◽  
External Carotid Artery ◽  
External Carotid ◽  
Branching Pattern ◽  
Radiological Imaging ◽  
Iatrogenic Injuries ◽  
Scottish Population

Abstract Aims The external carotid artery (ECA) shows a variable branching pattern of its stemming vessels. The aim of this study is to investigate the origin of the three primary anterior branches of the external carotid artery (ECA): the superior thyroid (STA), lingual (LA), and facial arteries (FA). Method The branching pattern of the external carotid artery was studied on 15 Thiel embalmed cadavers of Scottish population (7 males and 8 females). The carotid triangle was dissected bilaterally in order to assess the origin sites of the main anterior branches of the ECA (STA, LA and FA) in relation to the carotid bifurcation (CB). Results The STA arises more frequently from the ECA (60%) than from the CCA (40%). The STA, LA and FA emerged as individual branches in 90% of cases. The distances from the origin site to the CB were (8.11 ± 2.77), (19.38 ± 8.85) and (27.95 ± 10.15), for the STA, LA, and FA respectively. Conclusions In-depth knowledge of the branching pattern of the external carotid artery is of great importance. The current findings have confirmed that the ECA branching pattern is highly variable. Therefore, considering some radiological imaging before conducting any invasive procedure in the neck region is vital to prevent iatrogenic injuries.

scholarly journals THYRO-LINGUO-FACIAL TRUNK OF EXTERNAL CAROTID ARTERY: A RARE VARIATION

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rakesh Kumar Diwan ◽  
Archana Rani ◽  
Jyoti Chopra ◽  
Navneet Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Hypoglossal Nerve ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
External Carotid Artery ◽  
External Carotid ◽  
Superior Thyroid Artery ◽  
Branching Pattern ◽  
Radial Neck ◽  
Complicated Process ◽  
Male Cadaver

The complicated process of angiogenesis and remodelling which includes annexation and regression of vessels may give rise to variations in the branches of external carotid artery. The knowledge of variations in the branching pattern of external carotid artery (ECA) is important for surgical procedures in the neck region, such as radial neck dissection, catheterization, reconstruction of aneurysm, carotid endarterectomy and intervention radiology. The anatomical consequences of anomalous branching pattern of external carotid artery may have important clinical implications. A rare, common branch of the ECA, a thyro-linguo-facial trunk was found on right side in a 65 years old male cadaver during routine dissection. After giving a branch to thyroid gland as superior thyroid artery, this trunk ran forwards and medially as linguo-facial trunk and divided into lingual and facial arteries. The hypoglossal nerve was crossing the linguo-facial trunk.

scholarly journals ANATOMICAL STUDY OF VARIATIONS IN THE ORIGIN OF SUPERIOR THYROID ARTERY

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Prashant Munjamkar ◽  
N. Y. Kamdi ◽  
Anil Sahebrao Pungle
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Anatomical Study ◽  
Anatomical Variations ◽  
External Carotid Artery ◽  
External Carotid ◽  
Superior Thyroid Artery ◽  
Adjacent Structures ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Right

Background: The superior thyroid artery (STA) is the dominant arterial supply of the thyroid gland, larynx and the neck. Knowledge of these variations is crucial for decreasing morbidity during the surgeries. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the frequency of usual anatomical variations in the origin of STA in human cadavers. Method: The origin of STA was studied by dissecting hundred human carotid specimens obtained from the formalin embalmed cadavers who were allotted to the undergraduate students for dissection in the Department of Anatomy. Results: STA arose commonly from external carotid artery (ECA) in 71 cases (71%), arising directly from common carotid artery (CCA) in 24 (24%) cases whereas only in 5 specimens (5%) it was arising at the level of bifurcation of CCA. On the right side STA was originated from ECA in 31(43.7%) and on left side it was 40(56.3%). STA was originated at bifurcation level in 5(100%) cases on right side and on left side no case was observed (0%). On right side STA was originated from CCA in14 (58.3%) cases and on left side in 10(41.6%) cases. Conclusion: The wide range of variations of the STA on its origin, course, branching patterns and relationship with adjacent structures is a common phenomenon. Thus, the deep knowledge concerning the origin and branching pattern of STA is essential in enhancing precision and decreasing morbidity related to the surgical and interventional radiological head and neck procedures.

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