The forecast of illicit drug use in adolescents with addictive behavior: personality traits and the level of genetic risk of substance dependence.

2016 ◽  
Vol 116 (11. Vyp. 2) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
A. N. Yakovlev ◽  
V. M. Brodyansky ◽  
A. V. Schurina ◽  
R. A. Romashkin ◽  
A. O. Kibitov
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Genetic Risk ◽  
Substance Dependence ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Illicit Drug Use ◽  
Addictive Behavior

scholarly journals Factors in the Transition from Legal to Illicit Drug Use in Young Adults from Northern Mexico

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayra Selene Ozuna Esprinosa ◽  
Josefina Saraí Candia Arredondo ◽  
María Magdalena Alonso Castillo ◽  
Karla Selene López García ◽  
Francisco Rafael Guzmán Facundo
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Social Stigma ◽  
Illicit Drug Use ◽  
Neighborhood Environment ◽  
Lower Probability ◽  
Northern Mexico

Objective. This research sought to analyze the predictive effect of personal (personality traits), social (social support and social stigma) and community factors (characteristic of the neighborhood and exposure to consumption) on the transition of drug use in young adults.Methods. Case and control study. The cases were 70 individuals from 18 to 34 years of age who had already transitioned into illicit drug use and the controls were 210 legal drug usuers (tobacco or alcohol) in the same age range  who had not had the transition. A data file was applied along with seven instruments that measured the transition and consumption variables.Results. Marihuana was the illicit drug of highest transition. It was shown that greater personality traits of neuroticism, extraversion, and openness to the experience meant higher probability of drug use transition; while greater personality traits of agreeableness and conscience meant lower probability for the transition. The characteristics of the neighborhood environment and exposure to the opportunity of consumption increase the probability of the drug use transition. Social support and social stigma influenced negatively upon the drug use transition.Conclusion. Personality traits, neighborhood characteristics, exposure to drug use, social support, and the social stigma of drug use are factors that intervene in the transition from legal to illicit drug useDescriptores: street drugs; drug users; risk factors; young adult; personality; social support; social stigma; residence characteristics; surveys and questionnaires; case-control studies.How to cite this article: Ozuna  MS, Candia JS, Alonso MM,  López KS, Guzmán FR. Factors in the Transition from Legal to Illicit Drug Use in Young Adults from Northern Mexico. Invest. Educ. Enferm. 2019; 37(3):e11.

scholarly journals Genetic risk for schizophrenia is associated with substance use in emerging adulthood: an event-level polygenic prediction model

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (12) ◽  
pp. 2027-2035 ◽  
Author(s):  
Travis T. Mallard ◽  
K. Paige Harden ◽  
Kim Fromme
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Emerging Adulthood ◽  
Genetic Risk ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Illicit Drug Use ◽  
Clinical Population ◽  
Peak Period ◽  
Polygenic Score ◽  
Age Related

AbstractBackgroundEmerging adulthood is a peak period of risk for alcohol and illicit drug use. Recent advances in psychiatric genetics suggest that the co-occurrence of substance use and psychopathology arises, in part, from a shared genetic etiology. We sought to extend this research by investigating the influence of genetic risk for schizophrenia on trajectories of four substance use behaviors as they occurred across emerging adulthood.MethodYoung adult participants of non-Hispanic European descent provided DNA samples and completed daily reports of substance use for 1 month per year across 4 years (N = 30 085 observations of N = 342 participants). A schizophrenia polygenic score was included in two-level hierarchical linear models designed to test associations between genetic risk for schizophrenia, participant age, and four substance use phenotypes.ResultsParticipants with a greater schizophrenia polygenic score experienced greater age-related increases in the likelihood of using substances across emerging adulthood (p < 0.005). Additionally, our results suggest that the polygenic score was positively associated with participants’ overall likelihood to engage in illicit drug use but not alcohol-related substance use.ConclusionsThis study used a novel combination of polygenic prediction and intensive longitudinal methods to characterize the influence of genetic risk for schizophrenia on patterns of age-related change in substance use across emerging adulthood. Results suggest that genetic risk for schizophrenia has developmentally specific effects on substance use behaviors in a non-clinical population of young adults.

scholarly journals GABRA2, alcohol, and illicit drug use: An event-level model of genetic risk for polysubstance use.

2018 ◽  
Vol 127 (2) ◽  
pp. 190-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Travis T. Mallard ◽  
James R. Ashenhurst ◽  
K. Paige Harden ◽  
Kim Fromme
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Genetic Risk ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Illicit Drug Use ◽  
Polysubstance Use ◽  
Level Model

scholarly journals Genetic risk for schizophrenia influences substance use in emerging adulthood: An event-level polygenic prediction model

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Travis T. Mallard ◽  
K. Paige Harden ◽  
Kim Fromme
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Emerging Adulthood ◽  
Genetic Risk ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Illicit Drug Use ◽  
Clinical Population ◽  
Peak Period ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Polygenic Scores

AbstractBackgroundEmerging adulthood is a peak period of risk for alcohol and illicit drug use. Recent advances in psychiatric genetics suggest that the co-occurrence of substance use and psychopathology arises, in part, from a shared genetic etiology. We sought to extend this research by investigating the influence of genetic risk for schizophrenia on trajectories of four substance use behaviors as they occurred across emerging adulthood.MethodYoung adult participants of non-Hispanic European descent provided DNA samples and completed daily reports of substance use for one month per year across four years (N=30,085 observations of N=342 participants). Polygenic scores for schizophrenia were included in two-level hierarchical linear models designed to test associations between genetic risk for schizophrenia, participant age, and four substance use phenotypes.ResultsHere, we interpret results at p<.05 as suggestive and results at p<.005 as significant. Accordingly, our results suggest that polygenic scores for schizophrenia were positively associated with participants’ overall likelihood to engage in illicit drug use, but not alcohol-related substance use. Moreover, our results indicate that participants with a greater polygenic loading for schizophrenia experienced greater age-related increases in the likelihood of using substances across emerging adulthood.ConclusionsThe present study used a novel combination of polygenic prediction and intensive longitudinal methods to characterize the influence of genetic risk for schizophrenia on patterns of age-related change in substance use across emerging adulthood. Results suggest that genetic risk for schizophrenia exerts both broad and developmentally-specific influences on substance use behaviors in a non-clinical population of young adults.

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